T細胞の抗原認識と活性化制御

• 研究課題/領域番号: 12051203
• 研究種目: 特定領域研究
• 配分区分: 補助金
• 審査区分: 生物系
• 研究機関: 千葉大学
• 研究代表者: 斉藤 隆 千葉大学, 大学院・医学研究院, 教授 (50205655)
• 研究分担者: 西村 泰治 熊本大学, 大学院・医学研究科, 教授 (10156119) ; 湊 長博 京都大学, 大学院・生命科学研究科, 教授 (40137716) ; 中山 俊憲 千葉大学, 大学院・医学研究院, 教授 (50237468)
• 研究期間 (年度): 2000 – 2002
• 研究課題ステータス: 完了 (2002年度)
• 配分額: 193,400千円 (直接経費: 193,400千円); 2002年度: 66,900千円 (直接経費: 66,900千円); 2001年度: 68,400千円 (直接経費: 68,400千円); 2000年度: 58,100千円 (直接経費: 58,100千円)
• キーワード: 部分アゴニストペプチド / T細胞エピトープ / 免疫シナプス形成 / 制御性アダプター分子 / インテグリン活性化 / 慢性骨髄性白血 / Th2分化 / ポリコーム遺伝子 / 免疫シナプス / raft / アゴニストペプチド / ヒストンアセチル化 / Th1・Th2 / rap-1 / インテグリン / SPA-1 / Gab-2 / CTLA-4 / Rap-1 / Spa-1 / Th1 / Th2 / カルシニューリン / シグナルクロストーク / 部分アゴニスト

研究概要

本研究においては、T細胞が抗原を認識して活性化され、機能分化や機能発現する際の、抗原ペプチド、抑制性アダプター分子、G蛋白、MAPKやCN系、などによるTCRシグナル伝達の制御を解析し、Th1/Th2分化やアナジー誘導などのT細胞機能調節系を解明した。
1)部分アゴニストペプチドによるT細胞応答は、ZAP70/LAT/SLP76などを活性化せずに、PKCm/Ras/B-raf/Erkの活性化に依存した増殖を誘導することが判明した。CLIPペプチドを置換するライブラリーを用いたT細胞エピトープの同定法を開発し、I型糖尿病関連自己抗原を同定した。
2)ラフト局在分子CbpがCbp-EBP50-ERM-Actinの会合によって細胞骨格系にアンカーし、ラフトの細胞膜状の可動性を調節するシステムが存在し、免疫シナプス形成をも制御していることを見いだした。Gab2がTCRシグナル系ではフィードバック抑制を担うアダプター分子であり、その抑制機構を明らかにした。細胞表面抑制分子CTLA-4がT細胞分化選択でも抑制機能を有することを示した。
3)G蛋白Rap1がインテグリンの主要な活性化因子であることを見つけ、そのGAPであるSPA-1はRap1の制御を通して、免疫シナプス形成・活性化様式の決定に関わることを明らかにした。SPA-1欠損マウスを作製し、免疫応答不全とともに慢性骨髄性白血病を発症することから、SPA-1が癌抑制遺伝子であることを示した。
4)Th2への分化に必要なTCRシグナル伝達系を解析し、Lck,Ras/Erk,Calcineurinの強い活性化がTh2分化に必要なことを見いだした。実際にマウス喘息モデルにおいて、Th2のRas/MAPKによる亢進と、SHP-1による抑制を証明した。また、Th2分化におけるGATA3によるクロマチンリモデリングの分子機構を解明し、遺伝子発現制御に関与するポリコーム遺伝子がTh2分化に必須であることを明らかにした。

研究成果

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