| 研究課題/領域番号 |
19K16885
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| 研究種目 |
若手研究
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| 配分区分 | 基金 |
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| 審査区分 |
小区分51010:基盤脳科学関連
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| 研究機関 | 沖縄科学技術大学院大学 |
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研究代表者 |
Fung ChiChung 沖縄科学技術大学院大学, 神経情報・脳計算ユニット, 客員研究員 (80757203)
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| 研究期間 (年度) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| 研究課題ステータス |
交付 (2022年度)
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| 配分額 *注記 |
4,290千円 (直接経費: 3,300千円、間接経費: 990千円)
2022年度: 650千円 (直接経費: 500千円、間接経費: 150千円)
2021年度: 650千円 (直接経費: 500千円、間接経費: 150千円)
2020年度: 650千円 (直接経費: 500千円、間接経費: 150千円)
2019年度: 2,340千円 (直接経費: 1,800千円、間接経費: 540千円)
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| キーワード | Adult Neurogenesis / Synaptic Comeptition / Pattern Separation / Computational Model / Hebbian-like Plasticity / Memory Formation / Machine Learning / Synaptic Plasticity / Dentate Gyrus / Unsupervised Learning / Detate Gyrus / Hippocampus / Slow Oscillation |
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| 研究開始時の研究の概要 |
Adult neurogenesis is a phenomenon that new neurons are generated in the dentate gyrus during adulthoods. Its impairment will suppress the formation of memory. However, how the maturation of those new cells can contribute to long-term memory formation is mostly unknown. In this study, the following issues will be addressed: (1) how the maturation schedule of new-born cells can alter the information processing performance; (2) the optimal learning strategy for information processing; and (3) how other brain regions (e.g., CA3) can make use of the optimal representation for different tasks.
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| 研究実績の概要 |
Adult neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons in the adult brain. It occurs in two regions of the brain: the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the hippocampus. The SVZ is located in the walls of the lateral ventricles and generates new neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb. The hippocampus is involved in learning and memory and generates new neurons that integrate into existing neural circuits. Adult neurogenesis is regulated by various factors such as stress, exercise, and environmental enrichment. It has been suggested that adult neurogenesis may play a role in learning and memory, mood regulation, and recovery from brain injury. However, its exact function is still not fully understood and remains an active area of research.
To investigate the functional meaning of the phenomenon, we have constructed a computational model to explain why synaptic competition is important to the Dentate Gyrus (DG) for pattern separation. Synaptic competition is a process that adult-born neurons integrate into the existing neuronal cluster. This piece of work can help us to understand the importance of adult neurogenesis. Also, our work addressed the mystery that suppressing adult neurogenesis impairs the ability to distinguish similar memories only, while the ability to differentiate distinct memories remains unaffected. Our work has also shown that the computational model can be applied as a machine learning algorithm.
This work is accepted by PNAS Nexus for publication in May 2023.
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| 現在までの達成度 (区分) |
現在までの達成度 (区分)
2: おおむね順調に進展している
理由
Although the review process has postponed the publication, the paper was accepted by a widely respected journal.
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| 今後の研究の推進方策 |
We will search for more applications of the algorithm.
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