| 研究課題/領域番号 |
21H02196
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| 研究種目 |
基盤研究(B)
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| 配分区分 | 補助金 |
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| 応募区分 | 一般 |
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| 審査区分 |
小区分39040:植物保護科学関連
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| 研究機関 | 岡山大学 |
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研究代表者 |
Ivan Galis 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 教授 (90360502)
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| 研究分担者 |
網干 貴子 山形大学, 農学部, 准教授 (20746705)
三谷 奈見季 岡山大学, 資源植物科学研究所, 准教授 (40581020)
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| 研究期間 (年度) |
2021-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| 研究課題ステータス |
交付 (2023年度)
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| 配分額 *注記 |
17,550千円 (直接経費: 13,500千円、間接経費: 4,050千円)
2023年度: 5,070千円 (直接経費: 3,900千円、間接経費: 1,170千円)
2022年度: 5,070千円 (直接経費: 3,900千円、間接経費: 1,170千円)
2021年度: 7,410千円 (直接経費: 5,700千円、間接経費: 1,710千円)
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| キーワード | mineral / herbivory / defense / Mineral / Herbivory / Defense |
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| 研究開始時の研究の概要 |
Up to one fifth of crop yield is annually lost due to herbivore-associated damage. It is hypothesized that the accessibility of mineral resources is providing a key foundation for plant defense systems, however, molecular mechanisms of herbivory damage-induced nutritional mobilization in plants remain poorly understood. Here we use rice (Oryza sativa) to gain a comprehensive knowledge of nutritional and mineral changes associated with innate responses of rice to herbivory, and subsequently design novel methods to control them for optimized performance of rice defense systems.
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| 研究実績の概要 |
We have been focusing on the role of silicon (Si), nickel (Ni) and heavy metal cadmium (Cd), and amino acid transport, in response to insect feeding. (1) The role of Si was investigated using hydroponic culture system supplied with Si and without Si. Larvae of chewing herbivore Mythimna loreyi performed significantly better on Si-free rice that confirmed previous reports. We further determined the minimum time for Si supply that was sufficient to restore anti-herbivore resistance in rice. We also investigated the role of Si in release of volatile signals from rice and effect of Si on gene expression in rice. (2) We found that Ni uptake can be stimulated by herbivore feeding. Therefore, a possibly new role of Ni in defense was investigated. In particular, a possible connection between function of Ni as a cofactor of urease enzyme in nitrogen metabolism was proposed. This was further supported by finding that the expression of urea transporter in rice is stimulated by insect herbivory. (3) Additionally, we investigated the role of Cd in direct plant defense based on the observation that Cd uptake was transiently induced in rice after attack of chewing and sucking herbivores. (4) T0 generation of CRISPR/Cas9 knock-out line of a highly inducible amino acid transporter by herbivory was constructed. (5) The role of nitrogen containing metabolites in plant defense was carried out by Dr. Aboshi. (6) The role of Si transporters in rice has been further clarified by Dr. Mitani, in particular the role of SIET proteins.
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| 現在までの達成度 (区分) |
現在までの達成度 (区分)
1: 当初の計画以上に進展している
理由
All experiments planned for FY2022 have been completed. There is no particular problem to be reported in this period.
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| 今後の研究の推進方策 |
(1) We will continue in establishment of Si role in anti-herbivore defense. In particular, we will be focusing on temporal and spatial aspects of Si distribution in rice plant with/ and without herbivore attack. (2) We will be focusing on ammonia metabolism in herbivore attacked rice based on the finding that Ni and urea can be involved in plant defense against herbivores. We will study expression of genes in ammonia cycle (ammonia transporter family, arginases, urea transporters, urease, Ni transporters, glutamine synthetases). We will measure ammonia in plant tissues and headspace. The content of arginine and glutamine in herbivore attacked rice will be examined by GC-MS. (3) Mechanisms of potentiation of herbivore damage by Cd will be examined. In particular, we will focus on the role of reactive oxygen species evolved in response to Cd and involvement of plant stress hormones (JA, SA, ABA). (4) Characterization of CRISPR/Cas9 amino acid transporter line will be carried out. (5) Mitani group will further contribute to elucidation of various rice Si transporters in defense. (6) Aboshi group will focus on isolation and characterization of novel nitrogenous metabolites in plant defense and synthesis of novel defense compounds for their biological testing.
Publications will be submitted and data presented in conference presentations. The activity of the group and role of minerals in defense will be introduced to broad public in the IPSR Open campus in May 2023.
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