| 研究課題/領域番号 |
22K10596
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| 研究種目 |
基盤研究(C)
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| 配分区分 | 基金 |
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| 応募区分 | 一般 |
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| 審査区分 |
小区分58030:衛生学および公衆衛生学分野関連:実験系を含まない
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| 研究機関 | 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所 |
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研究代表者 |
BALE RAHUL 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 計算科学研究センター, 研究員 (20728737)
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| 研究期間 (年度) |
2022-04-01 – 2025-03-31
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| 研究課題ステータス |
交付 (2023年度)
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| 配分額 *注記 |
4,160千円 (直接経費: 3,200千円、間接経費: 960千円)
2024年度: 1,690千円 (直接経費: 1,300千円、間接経費: 390千円)
2023年度: 1,300千円 (直接経費: 1,000千円、間接経費: 300千円)
2022年度: 1,170千円 (直接経費: 900千円、間接経費: 270千円)
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| キーワード | Droplet modelling / Indoor ventilation / Droplet modeling / Airborne Disease / Droplet Dispersion / Epidemiology |
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| 研究開始時の研究の概要 |
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown the devastation that airborne diseases can cause. Globally, COVID-19 has claimed over 4.5M lives (16000 in Japan). The impact on the Japanese economy has been equally severe. To control and prevent such future pandemics, understanding the detailed mechanism of airborne disease transmission (ADT) is critical. Recent and past research studies involving real-world conditions are very few and limited in scope. The reason for this is the limitation in the CFD tool’s capability. In this work, we propose to develop CFD methods capable of overcoming past limitations.
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| 研究実績の概要 |
Modeling the various time scales involved in droplet emission and translation is one of the key challenges that was to be addressed in this work. We have successfully incorporated implicit schemes for species and N-S equations and a sub-time-stepping approach for the droplet dynamics to enable long-time droplet dispersion dynamics.
In addition to this we have already been able to apply the models developed so far to various applications ranging from indoor ventilation efficacy evaluation, multi-objective ventilation optimization, inhalation and deposition mechanism using detailed respiratory tract and realistic breathing cycle. The investigation of the deposition of respiratory droplets in respiratory tract involved interaction between two human subjects, one emitting droplet which modelled human speech, and the other subject inhaling with a detailed respiratory tract. The role of distance between the subjects, the orientation of the face along sideways and un-down were investigated in this study. Furthermore, the necessity of the a respiratory tract based inhalation for infection risk assessment as opposed to evaluating the risk based on the droplets entering the breathing zone was also investigated in the study.
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| 現在までの達成度 (区分) |
現在までの達成度 (区分)
2: おおむね順調に進展している
理由
The project has progressed as planned except for the development of the droplet model to mimic the sputum liquid instead of the simple water.
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| 今後の研究の推進方策 |
The next phase of the project will involve development of a droplet model that can mimic the evaporation of the sputum fluid, development of generalized real world setting that incorporates, droplet emission, transport, interaction with obstacles, and inhalation, evaluation of the role of environmental factors on the transmission of airborne pathogens.
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