1991 年度実績報告書

環境ストレスによる光合成炭素代謝の制御機構

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	03304004
研究機関	埼玉大学
研究代表者	金井龍二埼玉大学, 理学部教授 (30008817)
研究分担者	杉山達夫名古屋大学, 農学部, 教授 (50023453) 沢田信一弘前大学, 理学部, 教授 (70106839) 臼田秀明帝京大学, 医学部, 助教授 (90112755) 石原邦東京農工大学, 農学部, 教授 (70014925) 浅田浩二京都大学, 食糧料学研究所, 教授 (50027182)
キーワード	光合成 / 環境ストレス / C_<24>2植物 / 酸素阻害 / 窒素欠乏 / リン酸欠乏 / PEPカルボキシラ-ゼ / RuBPカルボキシラ-ゼ
研究概要	さまざまな環境ストレス下において植物の光合成炭酸固定経路とそれに関連する基幹炭素・窒素化合物代謝系がどの様に制御されているか明らかにするため、本年度に得られた研究成果を要約する。 60%高酵素下で生育させたC_<23>2、C_<24>2植物はグルタチオンレダクタ-ゼ活性が増加した(金井)。なお、葉緑体内における活性酸素阻害の標的酵素について検討中である(浅田)。CO_<22>2固定酵素RuBPカルボキシラ-ゼ(RuBisCO)について、酵素化学的に活性調節機構を解明するとともに(横田)、緑藻クラミドモナスからRuBisCOが局在する葉緑体ピレノイドの単離条件を検討している(都筑)。N源ストレス下のC_<23>2植物ではRuBisCOとカ-ボニックアンヒドラ-ゼ量の変動に植物種問差があることが明らかになった(牧野)。また、Nストレスから回復する際、C_<24>2植物トウモロコシのPEPカルボキシラ-ゼ遺伝子の発現調査はグルタミン酸が代謝シグナルとなり、サイトカイニンが関与することを示す結果を得た(杉山)。P欠乏によるC_<24>2植物の光合成阻害はRuBisCOやC_<24>2経路の諸酵素活性の低下によるもので、ショ糧合成系は影響を受けないことが示された(臼田)。植物の温度順化過程を明らかにするため、エゾノギシギシ生葉の光合成速度ー細胞間隙CO_<22>2濃度曲線をさまざまな生育温度で比較した(寺島)。また、ダイズの栽培密度を変えることにより光合成産物転流のSOURCEーSINK能の一方を律速条件にしたダイズ葉の炭素代謝産物レベルを比較した(沢田)。さらに、水ストレスによるイネの光合成低下に対する気孔開度と水ポテンシャルの影響を分けて評価し、葉位による違いを検討した(石原)。

研究成果

(20件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (20件)

[文献書誌] Miyake,C.(Asada,K.): "Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in prokaryotic and eukaryotic algae:Acquisition of ascorbate peroxidase during the evolution of cyanobacterie." Plant and Cell physiology. 32. 33-43 (1991)
[文献書誌] Asada,K.: "Ascorbate peroxidaseーa hydrogen peroxideーscavenging enzyme in plants." Physiologia Plantarum. 83. (1992)
[文献書誌] Asada,K.: "Production and scavenging of active oxygen in chloroplasts." “Molecular Biology of Free Radical Scavenging System"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. (1992)
[文献書誌] Tsuzuki,M.: "CO_<22>2 syndrome in Chlorella." Canadian Journal of Botany. 69. 1003-1007 (1991)
[文献書誌] Kuchitsu,K.(Tsuzuki,M.): "Polypeptide composition and its regulation by CO_<22>2 concentration in unicellular green algae." Canadian Journal of Botany. 69. 1062-1069 (1991)
[文献書誌] USuda,H.: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.I.Leaf ohosphate status,growth,photosynthesis and carbon partitioning." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 497-504 (1991)
[文献書誌] Usuda,H.: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.II.Enzyme activities." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1313-1317 (1991)
[文献書誌] Terashima,I.: "Exposure of leaves of cucumis sativus to low temperature in the light causes uncoupling of thylakoids.I,Studies with isolated thylakoids." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1267-1274 (1991)
[文献書誌] Terashima,I.: "Exposure of leaves of Cucumis sativus to low temperature in the light causes uncoupling of thylakoids.II.Nonーdestructive measurements in intact leaves." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1275-1283 (1991)
[文献書誌] Terashima,I.: "Minireview:Anatomy of nonーuniform leaf photosynthesis." Photosynthesis Research. (1992)
[文献書誌] Yokota,A.: "Ribulose bisphosphateーinduced,slow conformational change of spinach ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase cause the two types of inflections in the course of its carboxylase reaction." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 246-252 (1991)
[文献書誌] Yokota,A.: "Cooperative binding of carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate to the regulatory sites of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 253-256 (1991)
[文献書誌] Yokota,A.: "Characterization of ribulose 1,5ーbisphosphate cerboxylase/oxygenase carrying ribulose 1,5ーbisphosphate at its regulatory sites and the molecular interaction of this form of the enzyme with ribulose 1,5ーbisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase." European Journal of Biochemistry. 204. (1992)
[文献書誌] Sawada,S.: "Regulation of RuBP carboxylase activity by inorganic orthophosphate in singleーrooted soybean leaves in response to changes in the source/sink balance." Plant and Cell Physiology.
[文献書誌] Sugiharto,B.(Sugiyama,T.): "Effects of nitrate and ammonium on gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and nitrogen metabolism in maize leaf tissue during recovery from nitrogen stress." Plant Physiology. (1992)
[文献書誌] Sugiharto,B.(Sugiyama,T): "Cytokinin is required to induce the nitrogenーdependent accumulation of mRNAs for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaf." Plant Physiology. (1992)
[文献書誌] Makino,A.: "Differences in the relationships between ribulose 1,5ーbisphosphate carboxylase,carbonic anhydrase and photosynthetic characteristics of several C_<23>2 plants in response to nitrogen nutrition." Plant Physiology.
[文献書誌] Ookawa,T.(Ishihara,K.): "Difference of the photosynthetic rates among the leaves at the equivalent position of the main stem and its tillers in rice plants." Japanese Journal of crop Science. 60. 413-420 (1991)
[文献書誌] Hirasawa,T.(Ishihara,K.): "Relationship between resistance to water transport and exudation rate and the effect of the resistance on the midday depression of stomatal aperture in rice plants." Japanese Jouranl of Crop Science. 61. 145-152 (1992)
[文献書誌] Hirasawa,T.(Ishihara,K.): "On resistance to water transport from roots to the leaves at the different positions on a stem in rice plants." Japanese Jouranl of Crop Science. 61. 153-158 (1992)

1991 年度 実績報告書

環境ストレスによる光合成炭素代謝の制御機構

研究代表者

金井 龍二 埼玉大学, 理学部 教授 (30008817)

研究成果

[文献書誌] Miyake,C.(Asada,K.): "Scavenging of hydrogen peroxide in prokaryotic and eukaryotic algae:Acquisition of ascorbate peroxidase during the evolution of cyanobacterie." Plant and Cell physiology. 32. 33-43 (1991)

[文献書誌] Asada,K.: "Ascorbate peroxidaseーa hydrogen peroxideーscavenging enzyme in plants." Physiologia Plantarum. 83. (1992)

[文献書誌] Asada,K.: "Production and scavenging of active oxygen in chloroplasts." “Molecular Biology of Free Radical Scavenging System"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. (1992)

[文献書誌] Tsuzuki,M.: "CO_<22>2 syndrome in Chlorella." Canadian Journal of Botany. 69. 1003-1007 (1991)

[文献書誌] Kuchitsu,K.(Tsuzuki,M.): "Polypeptide composition and its regulation by CO_<22>2 concentration in unicellular green algae." Canadian Journal of Botany. 69. 1062-1069 (1991)

[文献書誌] USuda,H.: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.I.Leaf ohosphate status,growth,photosynthesis and carbon partitioning." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 497-504 (1991)

[文献書誌] Usuda,H.: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.II.Enzyme activities." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1313-1317 (1991)

[文献書誌] Terashima,I.: "Exposure of leaves of cucumis sativus to low temperature in the light causes uncoupling of thylakoids.I,Studies with isolated thylakoids." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1267-1274 (1991)

[文献書誌] Terashima,I.: "Exposure of leaves of Cucumis sativus to low temperature in the light causes uncoupling of thylakoids.II.Nonーdestructive measurements in intact leaves." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1275-1283 (1991)

[文献書誌] Terashima,I.: "Minireview:Anatomy of nonーuniform leaf photosynthesis." Photosynthesis Research. (1992)

[文献書誌] Yokota,A.: "Ribulose bisphosphateーinduced,slow conformational change of spinach ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase cause the two types of inflections in the course of its carboxylase reaction." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 246-252 (1991)

[文献書誌] Yokota,A.: "Cooperative binding of carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate to the regulatory sites of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 253-256 (1991)

[文献書誌] Sawada,S.: "Regulation of RuBP carboxylase activity by inorganic orthophosphate in singleーrooted soybean leaves in response to changes in the source/sink balance." Plant and Cell Physiology.

[文献書誌] Sugiharto,B.(Sugiyama,T.): "Effects of nitrate and ammonium on gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and nitrogen metabolism in maize leaf tissue during recovery from nitrogen stress." Plant Physiology. (1992)

[文献書誌] Sugiharto,B.(Sugiyama,T): "Cytokinin is required to induce the nitrogenーdependent accumulation of mRNAs for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaf." Plant Physiology. (1992)

[文献書誌] Makino,A.: "Differences in the relationships between ribulose 1,5ーbisphosphate carboxylase,carbonic anhydrase and photosynthetic characteristics of several C_<23>2 plants in response to nitrogen nutrition." Plant Physiology.

[文献書誌] Ookawa,T.(Ishihara,K.): "Difference of the photosynthetic rates among the leaves at the equivalent position of the main stem and its tillers in rice plants." Japanese Journal of crop Science. 60. 413-420 (1991)

[文献書誌] Hirasawa,T.(Ishihara,K.): "Relationship between resistance to water transport and exudation rate and the effect of the resistance on the midday depression of stomatal aperture in rice plants." Japanese Jouranl of Crop Science. 61. 145-152 (1992)

[文献書誌] Hirasawa,T.(Ishihara,K.): "On resistance to water transport from roots to the leaves at the different positions on a stem in rice plants." Japanese Jouranl of Crop Science. 61. 153-158 (1992)

1991 年度実績報告書

金井龍二埼玉大学, 理学部教授 (30008817)