1992 年度実績報告書

環境ストレスによる光合成炭素代謝の制御機構

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	03304004
研究機関	埼玉大学
研究代表者	金井龍二埼玉大学, 理学部, 教授 (30008817)
研究分担者	杉山達夫名古屋大学, 農学部, 教授 (50023453) 沢田信一弘前大学, 理学部, 教授 (70106839) 臼田秀明帝京大学, 医学部, 助教授 (90112755) 石原邦東京農工大学, 農学部, 教授 (70014925) 浅田浩二京都大学, 食糧科学研究所, 教授 (50027182)
キーワード	光合成 / 二酸化炭素 / C_4植物 / 環境ストレス / 窒素欠乏 / リン酸欠乏 / PEPカルボキシラーゼ / RuBPカルボキシラーゼ
研究概要	植物は限られた栄養源と様々な環境ストレス下で、光合成している。大気中より高濃度の1%CO_2で生育したC_4植物はPEPカルボキシラーゼの、C_3植物では光呼吸経路のグリコール酸オキシダーゼの活性低下が見られた(金井)。また、葉緑体内における活性酸素阻害の標的酵素について検討した(浅田)。単細胞緑藻クラミドモナスは低CO_2下で緑葉体ピレノイドの発達に対応して、そこに局在するRuBPカルボキシラーゼ(RuBisCO)蛋白も増加した(都筑)。高等植物RuBisCOの二相性反応はRuBPが反応中心とは別の活性調節部位にも結合するための履歴現象であるとの証拠を示した(横田)。無機リン酸欠乏によりC_4植物の光合成能力が低下する場合、C_4経路の律速要因となるピルビン酸Piジキナーゼ、PEPカルボキシラーゼ(PEPC)、RuBisCOの活性低下が原因となる(臼田)。窒素ストレスのC_4植物トウモロコシがN欠乏から回復する過程で選択的に発現するPEPC蛋白とそのmRNAの蓄積に対するグルタミンとサイトカイニンのシグナル的役割を解明した(杉山)。また、C_3植物ではN利用効率の種間差に拘らず光合成電子伝達系とRuBisCOによる炭酸固定能力の比は一定になることが示された(牧野)。キュウリの低温ストレスによる炭酸固定系の障害はFuBPホスファターゼの光活性化系であるFbチオレドキシンレダクターゼの失活によることが示された。また、つる植物を水平栽培することにより葉の被蔭と老化による影響を区別して検討した(寺島)。イネの水ストレスによる光合成能の低下を同化箱法と酸素電極法で測定比較した結果、広範囲の水ストレスに対して気孔を介したCO_2供給低下が主要因であること、高湿度で生育すると水ストレス感受性が高くなることが認められた(石原)。Source-Sinkモデル実験系によりSink-limit条件ではRuBisCO活性が低下したので、野外で栽培密度を変えて生育したダイズで検討した結果、葉の蔗糖含量増加に伴い光合成能とRiBisCO活性が低下した(沢田)。

研究成果

(32件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (32件)

[文献書誌] N.Aoki: "Two different mechanisms for transport of pyruvate into mesophyll chloroplasts of C_4 pkants-A comparative study." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 805-809 (1992)
[文献書誌] K.Asada: "Electron flow to the intersystem chain from stromal components and cyclic electron flow in maize chloroplasts,as detected in intact leaves by monitoring redox change of P700^+ and chlorophyll fluorescence." Planr and Cell Physiology. 34. 39-45 (1993)
[文献書誌] K.Asada: "Pool sizes o electrons that can be donated to P700^+,as determined in intact leaves:Donation to P700^+ from stromal components via the intersystem chain." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 927-932 (1992)
[文献書誌] H.Mi: "Electron donation from cyclic and respiratory flows to the photosynthetic intersystem chain is mediated by pyridine nuckeotide dehydrogenase in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 1233-1237 (1992)
[文献書誌] H.Mi: "Donation of electrons from cytosolic components to the intersystem chain in the cyamobacterium Synechococcus sp.PCC 7002 as determined by the reduction of P700^+." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 1099-1105 (1992)
[文献書誌] G.-X.Chen: "Inactivation of ascorbate peroxidase by thiols requires hydrogen peroxide." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 117-123 (1992)
[文献書誌] G.-X.Chen: "Amino acid sequence of ascorbate peroxidase has a homology with that of cytochrome c peroxidase in legume root nodules." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 109-116 (1992)
[文献書誌] K.Asada: "Ascorbate peroxidase-a hydrogen peroxide-scavenign enzyme in plants." Physiologia Plantarum. 85. 235-241 (1992)
[文献書誌] M.Tsuzuki: "CO_2 accumulation by microalgae." Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan. 10. 1-15 (1992)
[文献書誌] H.Usuda: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.I Leaf phosphate status,growth,photosynthesis and carbon partitioning." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 497-504 (1991)
[文献書誌] H.Usuda: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.II.Enzyme activities." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1313-1317 (1991)
[文献書誌] H.Usuda: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.III.Changes in enzyme activities during the course of phosphate deprivation." Plant Physiology. 99. 1680-1685 (1992)
[文献書誌] I.Terachima: "Exposure of leaves of Cucumis sativus L.to low temperatures in the light causes uncoupking of thylakoids I.Studies with isolated thylakoids." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1267-1274 (1991)
[文献書誌] I.Terashima: "Exposure of leaves of Cucumis sativus L.to low temperatures in the light causes uncoupling of thylakoeds II.Non-destructive measurements with intact leaves." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1275-1283 (1991)
[文献書誌] I.Terashima: "Anatomy of non-uniform leaf photosynthesis." Photosynthesis Research. 31. 195-212 (1992)
[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Cooperative binding of carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate to the regulatory sites of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 253-256 (1991)
[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Ribulose bisphosphate-induced,slow conformational changes of spinach ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase cause the two types of inflections in the course of its carboxylase reaction." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 246-252 (1991)
[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Characterization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase carrying ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate at its regulatory sites and the mechanism of interaction of this form of the enzyme with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate-carboxylase/oxygemase activase." European Journal of Biochemistry. 204. 901-909 (1992)
[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Regulation of the activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase through cooperative binding of 6-phosphogluconate to its regulatory sites." European Journal of Biochemistry. 208. 721-727 (1992)
[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Effects of sugar acids on the functions of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.Differentiation of two different ligandbinding modes of the catalytic sites." Bioscience,Biotechnology,and Biochemistry. 57. 69-72 (1993)
[文献書誌] S.Sawada: "Participation of inorganic orthophosphate in regulation of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity in response to changes in the photosynthetic source-sink balance." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 943-949 (1992)
[文献書誌] S.Sawada: "Ecotypic differentiation of dry matter production processes in relation to survivorship and reproductive potential in Plantago asiatica L.population along climatic gradients." Journal of Functional Ecology. (1993)
[文献書誌] B.Sugiharto: "Effects of nitrate and ammonium on gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and nitrogen metabolism in maize leaf tissue during recovery from nitrogen stress." Plant physiology. 98. 1403-1408 (1992)
[文献書誌] H.Sakakibara: "Differential effects of mitrate and light on the expression of glutamate synthetase and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in maize." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 1993-1998 (1992)
[文献書誌] B.Sugigarto: "Cytokinin is required to induce the nitrogen-dependent accumulation of mRNAs for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaves." Plant Physiology. 100. 153-156 (1992)
[文献書誌] B.Sugigarto: "Glutamate induces the N-dependent accumualtion of mRNAs encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaf tissue." Plant Physiology. 100. 2066-2070 (1992)
[文献書誌] D.Son: "Nitrogen-dependent regylation of the gene for alanine aminotransferase which is involved in the C_4 pathway of Panicum miliaceum." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 507-509 (1992)
[文献書誌] A.Makino: "Distinctive responses of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in wheat leaves to nitrogen nutrition and their possible relationships to CO_2-transfer resistance." Plant Physiology. 100. 1737-1743 (1992)
[文献書誌] J.Hidema: "Changes in the levels of chlorophyll and light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of PS II in.rice leaves aged unger different irradiances from full expansion through senescence." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 1209-1214 (1992)
[文献書誌] J.Hidema: "Photosynthetic characteristics of rice leaves aged under different irradiances from full expansion through senescence." Plant Physiology. 97. 1287-1293 (1991)
[文献書誌] T.Hirasawa: "Relationship between resistance to water transport and exudation rate and the effect of the resistance on the midday depression of stomatal aperture in rice plants." Japanese Journal of Crop Science. 61. 145-152 (1992)
[文献書誌] K.Koide: "Effects of ear removal on photosynthesis of the flag leaf during grain filling in wheat." Japanese Journal o Crop Science. 61. 659-667 (1992)

1992 年度 実績報告書

環境ストレスによる光合成炭素代謝の制御機構

研究代表者

金井 龍二 埼玉大学, 理学部, 教授 (30008817)

研究成果

[文献書誌] N.Aoki: "Two different mechanisms for transport of pyruvate into mesophyll chloroplasts of C_4 pkants-A comparative study." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 805-809 (1992)

[文献書誌] K.Asada: "Electron flow to the intersystem chain from stromal components and cyclic electron flow in maize chloroplasts,as detected in intact leaves by monitoring redox change of P700^+ and chlorophyll fluorescence." Planr and Cell Physiology. 34. 39-45 (1993)

[文献書誌] K.Asada: "Pool sizes o electrons that can be donated to P700^+,as determined in intact leaves:Donation to P700^+ from stromal components via the intersystem chain." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 927-932 (1992)

[文献書誌] H.Mi: "Electron donation from cyclic and respiratory flows to the photosynthetic intersystem chain is mediated by pyridine nuckeotide dehydrogenase in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC 6803." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 1233-1237 (1992)

[文献書誌] H.Mi: "Donation of electrons from cytosolic components to the intersystem chain in the cyamobacterium Synechococcus sp.PCC 7002 as determined by the reduction of P700^+." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 1099-1105 (1992)

[文献書誌] G.-X.Chen: "Inactivation of ascorbate peroxidase by thiols requires hydrogen peroxide." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 117-123 (1992)

[文献書誌] G.-X.Chen: "Amino acid sequence of ascorbate peroxidase has a homology with that of cytochrome c peroxidase in legume root nodules." Planr and Cell Physiology. 33. 109-116 (1992)

[文献書誌] K.Asada: "Ascorbate peroxidase-a hydrogen peroxide-scavenign enzyme in plants." Physiologia Plantarum. 85. 235-241 (1992)

[文献書誌] M.Tsuzuki: "CO_2 accumulation by microalgae." Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan. 10. 1-15 (1992)

[文献書誌] H.Usuda: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.I Leaf phosphate status,growth,photosynthesis and carbon partitioning." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 497-504 (1991)

[文献書誌] H.Usuda: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.II.Enzyme activities." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1313-1317 (1991)

[文献書誌] H.Usuda: "Phosphate deficiency in maize.III.Changes in enzyme activities during the course of phosphate deprivation." Plant Physiology. 99. 1680-1685 (1992)

[文献書誌] I.Terachima: "Exposure of leaves of Cucumis sativus L.to low temperatures in the light causes uncoupking of thylakoids I.Studies with isolated thylakoids." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1267-1274 (1991)

[文献書誌] I.Terashima: "Exposure of leaves of Cucumis sativus L.to low temperatures in the light causes uncoupling of thylakoeds II.Non-destructive measurements with intact leaves." Plant and Cell Physiology. 32. 1275-1283 (1991)

[文献書誌] I.Terashima: "Anatomy of non-uniform leaf photosynthesis." Photosynthesis Research. 31. 195-212 (1992)

[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Cooperative binding of carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate to the regulatory sites of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 253-256 (1991)

[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Ribulose bisphosphate-induced,slow conformational changes of spinach ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase cause the two types of inflections in the course of its carboxylase reaction." Journal of Biochemistry. 110. 246-252 (1991)

[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Regulation of the activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase through cooperative binding of 6-phosphogluconate to its regulatory sites." European Journal of Biochemistry. 208. 721-727 (1992)

[文献書誌] A.Yokota: "Effects of sugar acids on the functions of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.Differentiation of two different ligandbinding modes of the catalytic sites." Bioscience,Biotechnology,and Biochemistry. 57. 69-72 (1993)

[文献書誌] S.Sawada: "Participation of inorganic orthophosphate in regulation of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase activity in response to changes in the photosynthetic source-sink balance." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 943-949 (1992)

[文献書誌] S.Sawada: "Ecotypic differentiation of dry matter production processes in relation to survivorship and reproductive potential in Plantago asiatica L.population along climatic gradients." Journal of Functional Ecology. (1993)

[文献書誌] B.Sugiharto: "Effects of nitrate and ammonium on gene expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and nitrogen metabolism in maize leaf tissue during recovery from nitrogen stress." Plant physiology. 98. 1403-1408 (1992)

[文献書誌] H.Sakakibara: "Differential effects of mitrate and light on the expression of glutamate synthetase and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in maize." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 1993-1998 (1992)

[文献書誌] B.Sugigarto: "Cytokinin is required to induce the nitrogen-dependent accumulation of mRNAs for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaves." Plant Physiology. 100. 153-156 (1992)

[文献書誌] B.Sugigarto: "Glutamate induces the N-dependent accumualtion of mRNAs encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in detached maize leaf tissue." Plant Physiology. 100. 2066-2070 (1992)

[文献書誌] D.Son: "Nitrogen-dependent regylation of the gene for alanine aminotransferase which is involved in the C_4 pathway of Panicum miliaceum." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 507-509 (1992)

[文献書誌] A.Makino: "Distinctive responses of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase and carbonic anhydrase in wheat leaves to nitrogen nutrition and their possible relationships to CO_2-transfer resistance." Plant Physiology. 100. 1737-1743 (1992)

[文献書誌] J.Hidema: "Changes in the levels of chlorophyll and light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of PS II in.rice leaves aged unger different irradiances from full expansion through senescence." Plant and Cell Physiology. 33. 1209-1214 (1992)

[文献書誌] J.Hidema: "Photosynthetic characteristics of rice leaves aged under different irradiances from full expansion through senescence." Plant Physiology. 97. 1287-1293 (1991)

[文献書誌] T.Hirasawa: "Relationship between resistance to water transport and exudation rate and the effect of the resistance on the midday depression of stomatal aperture in rice plants." Japanese Journal of Crop Science. 61. 145-152 (1992)

[文献書誌] K.Koide: "Effects of ear removal on photosynthesis of the flag leaf during grain filling in wheat." Japanese Journal o Crop Science. 61. 659-667 (1992)

1992 年度実績報告書

金井龍二埼玉大学, 理学部, 教授 (30008817)