1992 年度実績報告書

鞭毛・繊毛運動を制御する分子調節機構の解明

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	04304006
研究機関	東京大学
研究代表者	森沢正昭東京大学, 理学部, 教授 (40013594)
研究分担者	奥野誠東京大学, 教養学部, 助教授 (40143325) 中岡保夫大阪大学, 基礎工学部, 助教授 (90029562) 中村健一広島女子大学, 家政学部, 教授 (50094694) 神谷律東京大学, 理学部, 教授 (10124314) 高橋景一国際基督教大学, 教養学部, 教授 (40011481)
キーワード	鞭毛・繊毛運動 / 精子運動調節 / 滑り運動 / ダイニン / チューブリン / プロテアソーム / シグナルトランスダクション / タンパク質リン酸化
研究概要	鞭毛運動の基本機構に関しては、主に、ダイニンとチューブリンの生理生化学的研究が中心に行われ、高橋・真行寺はウニ除膜精子に強制振動を加え、様々なATP濃度での微小管滑り速度を測定し、滑り速度は必ずしもATP濃度で決定されない事を、豊島は、ウニ精子ATPaseにはDバンドダイニン重鎖を含み、ATP濃度依存的に微小管運動を阻害、回転、並進と様々に調節する事を示した。クラミドモナスで神谷はダイニンの再構成に成功し、その過程で新しいタンパク質の関与を発見した。再に、小川は細胞質ダイニンのcDNAクローニングを行い、β重鎖のCドメインに20%類似の者を得た。比較生化学的には、軟体動物精子鞭毛ダイニンは原腸体腔幹に属する者と同様2頭構造である事が示された(毛利)。中村はチューブリンアイソフォームの内α_5,β_3が可溶化され易い軸糸内微小管に存在する事を示した。精子の運動調節に関しては、運動開始機構・活性化・走化性について研究が進み、最近の話題をとなっているプロテアソームについて、稲葉はそれをサケ精子から精製し、精子鞭毛に局存し鞭毛運動を調節している事を明らかにした。森沢は、精子運動開始機構におけるシグナルトランスダクション機構解明を進めると共に、ニシンとホヤで精子活性化、走化性機構解明に向けて研究を進め、各々の過程で活性化走化性物質の精製を進めた。哺乳類では、マウス精子の運動開始にはHCO_3^-,Ca^<2+>,cAMP存在の65KDペプチドのリン酸化が関与している事が示された(奥野)。また馬場は、CA^<2+>が鞭毛波の伝播を担うオシレーターに特異的に作用する事をみつけた。繊毛運動の調節に関しては、ゾウリムシで繊毛打方向を制御するタンパク質の電気泳動による分離を試みた結果、22Sダイニンの重鎖が候補として浮かび上がってきた(野口)。また、ゾウリムシの繊毛打運動は、細胞体膜部から流入するCa電流によって活性化される事が明らかとなった。(中岡)。

研究成果
(40件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (40件)

[文献書誌] M.Morisawa: "Characterization and partial purification of sperm-activating substance rfom egg of the herring Chepea palassi" J.Exp.Zool.
[文献書誌] S.Morisawa: "The role of extracellular pH on the aquisition of sperm motility in chumsalmon" Comparative Spermatology 20 Years After. 75. 503-506 (1992)
[文献書誌] 森沢正昭: "精子研究の最前線特集を終えるに当たり" Cell Science. 8. 1-5 (1993)
[文献書誌] M.Morisawa: "Regulatory mechanisms of sperm motility" Biology of Germ Lines-in Animals and Man. (1993)
[文献書誌] M.Yoshida,: "Sperm chemotaxis during the process of fertilization in the ascidians Ciona savigni and Ciona intestinalis" Dev.Biol.(1993)
[文献書誌] S.Morisawa: "Aquisition of sperm motility during the anadromois of chum salmon,Onchorynchus keta" J.Mol.Cell Reprod.(1993)
[文献書誌] S.Oda: "Rises of intracellular Ca and pH mediate the initiation of sperm motility by hyperosmollity in marine teleosts" Cell Motil.Cytoskel.(1993)
[文献書誌] S.Wada: "Dynein of sperm flagella of oyster belonging to protostomia also has two-headed structure" Biol.Cell.76. (1993)
[文献書誌] T.Iwamoto,: "Purificaton and cheracterizaton of a sperm motility-dynein ATPase inbhiitor from boar seminal plasma" Mol.Reprod.Develop.31. 55-62 (1992)
[文献書誌] H.mohri: "Tubulin and dynin in spermatooon motility" Mol.Reprod.Develop.(1993)
[文献書誌] A.Murakami: "Analysis of gravitational response of Paramecium by free-fall experiment" Prpc.of the 9th Space Utilization Symp.102-104 (1992)
[文献書誌] A.Ymamada: "Sudden increase in speed of an actin filament moving on myosin cross-bridge of ¨mismatched¨ poloarity observed when is leading end begins to interact with cross-bridges of ¨matched¨ polariy" J.Biochem.111. 676-680 (1992)
[文献書誌] M.Ooya: "Gravity-induced changes in propulsion of Paramecium caudatum:A possible role of gravireception in protozoan behavior" J.Exp.Biol.163. 153-167 (1992)
[文献書誌] S.A.Baba: "High-resolution analysis of flagelar bends" Coparative spermatology 20 Years After. 75. 333-336 (1992)
[文献書誌] Y.Mogami: "Regulation of ciliary movement in sea urchin embryos:Dopamin and 5-HT changes the swimming behavior" Comp.Biochem.Phsyiol.101C. 251-254 (1992)
[文献書誌] Y.Mogami: "Beating of cilia of sea urchin embryos:A crirical comparison of the normal and reversed beating of cilia of isolatedc cells" J.Exp.Biol.(1993)
[文献書誌] K.Nakamura: "Analysis of tubulin isoforms by two-dimensional el elecrophoresis using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the first dimension" J.Biochem.Biophys.Methods. 24. 195-203 (1992)
[文献書誌] 高谷智恵子: "電気泳動法を応用したタンパク質の分離精製" 比較生理生化学. 9. 156-160 (1992)
[文献書誌] Y.Nakaok: "Hyperpolarization-actiated inward current associated with the rfaquency increase in ciliary beating of Paramecium" J.Comp.Phys.A. 170. 723-727 (1992)
[文献書誌] S.Kamimura: "High-frequency vibraton in flagellar axonemes with amplitudes reflacting the size of tubulin" J.Cell Biol.116. 1443-1454 (1992)
[文献書誌] S.Takada: "Three-headed outer arm dynein rfom hlmydomonas that can functionally combine with outer arm-missing axonemes" J.Biochem.111. 758-762 (1992)
[文献書誌] O.Kagami: "Translocation and rotation of microtubules caused by multiple species of Chlamydomonas inner-arm dynein" J.Cell Sci.103. 653-664 (192)
[文献書誌] 奥野誠: "精子の運動機構" 精子学. 80-103 (1992)
[文献書誌] A.Izumi-Kurotani: "Behavior of space frog" Proc.18th Int.SYmp.on Space Tech.& Sci.2097-2102 (1992)
[文献書誌] S.Ishijima: "Seoparation of X- and Y-hromosome-bearing murine sperm by free-flow electrophoresis:Evaluation of separation using PCR" Zool.Sci.9. 601-606 (1992)
[文献書誌] S.A.Ishijim: "Identification of X- and Y-chromosom-bearing human sperm separated by free-flow elecrophoresis using Y-chromosome-specific polymerase chain reaction" Biomed.Res.13. 221-224 (1992)
[文献書誌] 奥野誠: "X,Y精子の検定と分離ー性のコントロールー" Cell Science. 9. 30-38 (1993)
[文献書誌] K.Ishida: "Microflashing analysis of sprm motility" J.Reprod.Fertil.(1993)
[文献書誌] Y.Si: "Multiple ectivation of mouse sperm motility" J.molec.Reprod.& Develop.(1993)
[文献書誌] M.Noguchi: "Effects of proteolytic digestion on the control mechanism of ciliary orientation in ciliated sheets from Paramecium" Zool.Sci.10. (1993)
[文献書誌] K.Ogawa: "Primary structure and function of a dynein motor molecule" Zool.Sci.9. 265-274 (1992)
[文献書誌] 小川和男: "鞭毛モーターダイニンの分子構造" Cell Science. 9. 33-41 (1993)
[文献書誌] D.Eshel: "The phase of sperm flagella beating is not conserved over a brief imposed interruption" Exp.Cell Res.202. 552-555 (1992)
[文献書誌] 豊島陽子: "in vitro運動系" Annual Review細胞生物学. (1993)
[文献書誌] Y.Y.Toyoshima: "How are myosin filaments bound to nitrocellulose film?" Mechanism of myofilament sliding in muscle contraction. (1993)
[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Two high molecular mass proteases from sea urchin sperm" Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.182. 667-674 (1992)
[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Interactions among the heterogenous components of dynein" Comparative Spermatology 20 Years After. 75. 385-386 (1992)
[文献書誌] 稲葉一男: "精子のプロテアソーム" Cell Science. 8. 750-758 (1992)
[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Purification of proteasomes from salmonid fish sprm and their localization along sperm flagella" J.Cell Sci.104. (1993)
[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Chymotrypsin-like protease activity associated with demembranated chum salmon sperm" Biol.Cell. 76. (1993)

1992 年度 実績報告書

鞭毛・繊毛運動を制御する分子調節機構の解明

研究代表者

森沢 正昭 東京大学, 理学部, 教授 (40013594)

研究成果

[文献書誌] M.Morisawa: "Characterization and partial purification of sperm-activating substance rfom egg of the herring Chepea palassi" J.Exp.Zool.

[文献書誌] S.Morisawa: "The role of extracellular pH on the aquisition of sperm motility in chumsalmon" Comparative Spermatology 20 Years After. 75. 503-506 (1992)

[文献書誌] 森沢 正昭: "精子研究の最前線 特集を終えるに当たり" Cell Science. 8. 1-5 (1993)

[文献書誌] M.Morisawa: "Regulatory mechanisms of sperm motility" Biology of Germ Lines-in Animals and Man. (1993)

[文献書誌] M.Yoshida,: "Sperm chemotaxis during the process of fertilization in the ascidians Ciona savigni and Ciona intestinalis" Dev.Biol.(1993)

[文献書誌] S.Morisawa: "Aquisition of sperm motility during the anadromois of chum salmon,Onchorynchus keta" J.Mol.Cell Reprod.(1993)

[文献書誌] S.Oda: "Rises of intracellular Ca and pH mediate the initiation of sperm motility by hyperosmollity in marine teleosts" Cell Motil.Cytoskel.(1993)

[文献書誌] S.Wada: "Dynein of sperm flagella of oyster belonging to protostomia also has two-headed structure" Biol.Cell.76. (1993)

[文献書誌] T.Iwamoto,: "Purificaton and cheracterizaton of a sperm motility-dynein ATPase inbhiitor from boar seminal plasma" Mol.Reprod.Develop.31. 55-62 (1992)

[文献書誌] H.mohri: "Tubulin and dynin in spermatooon motility" Mol.Reprod.Develop.(1993)

[文献書誌] A.Murakami: "Analysis of gravitational response of Paramecium by free-fall experiment" Prpc.of the 9th Space Utilization Symp.102-104 (1992)

[文献書誌] A.Ymamada: "Sudden increase in speed of an actin filament moving on myosin cross-bridge of ¨mismatched¨ poloarity observed when is leading end begins to interact with cross-bridges of ¨matched¨ polariy" J.Biochem.111. 676-680 (1992)

[文献書誌] M.Ooya: "Gravity-induced changes in propulsion of Paramecium caudatum:A possible role of gravireception in protozoan behavior" J.Exp.Biol.163. 153-167 (1992)

[文献書誌] S.A.Baba: "High-resolution analysis of flagelar bends" Coparative spermatology 20 Years After. 75. 333-336 (1992)

[文献書誌] Y.Mogami: "Regulation of ciliary movement in sea urchin embryos:Dopamin and 5-HT changes the swimming behavior" Comp.Biochem.Phsyiol.101C. 251-254 (1992)

[文献書誌] Y.Mogami: "Beating of cilia of sea urchin embryos:A crirical comparison of the normal and reversed beating of cilia of isolatedc cells" J.Exp.Biol.(1993)

[文献書誌] K.Nakamura: "Analysis of tubulin isoforms by two-dimensional el elecrophoresis using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the first dimension" J.Biochem.Biophys.Methods. 24. 195-203 (1992)

[文献書誌] 高谷 智恵子: "電気泳動法を応用したタンパク質の分離精製" 比較生理生化学. 9. 156-160 (1992)

[文献書誌] Y.Nakaok: "Hyperpolarization-actiated inward current associated with the rfaquency increase in ciliary beating of Paramecium" J.Comp.Phys.A. 170. 723-727 (1992)

[文献書誌] S.Kamimura: "High-frequency vibraton in flagellar axonemes with amplitudes reflacting the size of tubulin" J.Cell Biol.116. 1443-1454 (1992)

[文献書誌] S.Takada: "Three-headed outer arm dynein rfom hlmydomonas that can functionally combine with outer arm-missing axonemes" J.Biochem.111. 758-762 (1992)

[文献書誌] O.Kagami: "Translocation and rotation of microtubules caused by multiple species of Chlamydomonas inner-arm dynein" J.Cell Sci.103. 653-664 (192)

[文献書誌] 奥野 誠: "精子の運動機構" 精子学. 80-103 (1992)

[文献書誌] A.Izumi-Kurotani: "Behavior of space frog" Proc.18th Int.SYmp.on Space Tech.& Sci.2097-2102 (1992)

[文献書誌] S.Ishijima: "Seoparation of X- and Y-hromosome-bearing murine sperm by free-flow electrophoresis:Evaluation of separation using PCR" Zool.Sci.9. 601-606 (1992)

[文献書誌] S.A.Ishijim: "Identification of X- and Y-chromosom-bearing human sperm separated by free-flow elecrophoresis using Y-chromosome-specific polymerase chain reaction" Biomed.Res.13. 221-224 (1992)

[文献書誌] 奥野 誠: "X,Y精子の検定と分離ー性のコントロールー" Cell Science. 9. 30-38 (1993)

[文献書誌] K.Ishida: "Microflashing analysis of sprm motility" J.Reprod.Fertil.(1993)

[文献書誌] Y.Si: "Multiple ectivation of mouse sperm motility" J.molec.Reprod.& Develop.(1993)

[文献書誌] M.Noguchi: "Effects of proteolytic digestion on the control mechanism of ciliary orientation in ciliated sheets from Paramecium" Zool.Sci.10. (1993)

[文献書誌] K.Ogawa: "Primary structure and function of a dynein motor molecule" Zool.Sci.9. 265-274 (1992)

[文献書誌] 小川 和男: "鞭毛モーターダイニンの分子構造" Cell Science. 9. 33-41 (1993)

[文献書誌] D.Eshel: "The phase of sperm flagella beating is not conserved over a brief imposed interruption" Exp.Cell Res.202. 552-555 (1992)

[文献書誌] 豊島 陽子: "in vitro運動系" Annual Review細胞生物学. (1993)

[文献書誌] Y.Y.Toyoshima: "How are myosin filaments bound to nitrocellulose film?" Mechanism of myofilament sliding in muscle contraction. (1993)

[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Two high molecular mass proteases from sea urchin sperm" Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.182. 667-674 (1992)

[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Interactions among the heterogenous components of dynein" Comparative Spermatology 20 Years After. 75. 385-386 (1992)

[文献書誌] 稲葉 一男: "精子のプロテアソーム" Cell Science. 8. 750-758 (1992)

[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Purification of proteasomes from salmonid fish sprm and their localization along sperm flagella" J.Cell Sci.104. (1993)

[文献書誌] K.Inaba: "Chymotrypsin-like protease activity associated with demembranated chum salmon sperm" Biol.Cell. 76. (1993)

1992 年度実績報告書

森沢正昭東京大学, 理学部, 教授 (40013594)

[文献書誌] 森沢正昭: "精子研究の最前線特集を終えるに当たり" Cell Science. 8. 1-5 (1993)

[文献書誌] 高谷智恵子: "電気泳動法を応用したタンパク質の分離精製" 比較生理生化学. 9. 156-160 (1992)

[文献書誌] 奥野誠: "精子の運動機構" 精子学. 80-103 (1992)

[文献書誌] 奥野誠: "X,Y精子の検定と分離ー性のコントロールー" Cell Science. 9. 30-38 (1993)

[文献書誌] 小川和男: "鞭毛モーターダイニンの分子構造" Cell Science. 9. 33-41 (1993)

[文献書誌] 豊島陽子: "in vitro運動系" Annual Review細胞生物学. (1993)

[文献書誌] 稲葉一男: "精子のプロテアソーム" Cell Science. 8. 750-758 (1992)