1995 年度実績報告書

植物細胞形態構築の制御機構

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	05276103
研究機関	大阪大学
研究代表者	柴岡弘郎大阪大学, 理学部, 教授 (60087054)
研究分担者	福田裕穂東京大学, 理学部, 教授 (10165293) 保尊隆亨大阪市立大学, 理学部, 助教授 (70135771) 西谷和彦鹿児島大学, 教養部, 助教授 (60164555) 馳澤盛一郎東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教授 (40172902) 園部誠司姫路工業大学, 理学部, 助教授 (30197024)
キーワード	植物ホルモン / 細胞形態形成 / 細胞伸長 / 細胞壁 / 微小管 / 細胞分化 / 遺伝子発現
研究概要	植物ホルモンは細胞伸長および細胞伸長の方向を制御することにより細胞一個一個の形を制御しているだけでなく、細胞分化にも大きな影響を与えている。本研究は植物ホルモンの細胞伸長制御機構、伸長方向制御機構、細胞分化制御機構の解明に重点を置き行われたものである。植物ホルモンによる細胞伸長方向の制御には細胞質表層微小管が関与している。柴岡は、アズキ上胚軸の表皮細胞において、表層微小管がサイクリックに方向を変化させており、ジベレリンは方向変更サイクルの中で、横方向から縦方向への変化を抑えることにより、横方向の微小管を持つ時間を延長させ、細胞の縦方向への伸長を促進していることをを示した。園部は、タバコ培養細胞より単離した表層微小管に付随している65kDa蛋白質の抗体を調製し、これを用いて65kDa蛋白質が微小管と細胞膜との架橋に関係していることを示した。馳沢は、タバコ培養細胞を用い、微小管の脱重合、再重合法により微小管形成中心の位置を特定し、微小管重合中心活性を有する49kDa蛋白質の挙動との関係を明らかにした。また49kDa蛋白質をコードする遺伝子の発現が細胞周期を通して一定であることを示した。西谷は、エンド型キシログルカン転移酵素遺伝子の発現が、アズキの茎ではオーキシンにより、シロイヌナズナのロゼット葉ではブラシノライドにより促進されることを明らかにした。林は、ポプラのエンド-1,4-β-グルカナーゼが細胞壁グルカン複合体のセルロースを分解し、キシログルカンを可溶化させることを明らかにした。保尊は、新しいキシログルカン分解酵素を発見し、その酵素が基本的には加水分解酵素であること、細胞壁の力学的性質を変える働きを持つことを明らかにした。福田は、管状要素分化の初期過程に発現する12種類の遺伝子の解析を行い、すべての遺伝子の誘導が植物ホルモン非依存的に起こり、その後、分化の進行に伴ってホルモン依存的に制御されるようになることを明らかにした。

研究成果

(29件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (29件)

[文献書誌] MAYUMI,K.: "A possible double role for brassinolide in the reorientation of cortical microtubules in epidermal cells of azuki bean epico fyls" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 173-181 (1995)
[文献書誌] YASUHARA,H.: "Effects of brefeldin A on the formation of the cell plate in tobacco BY-2 cells" Eur. J. Cell Biology. 66. 274-281 (1995)
[文献書誌] 柴岡弘郎: "植物の形の制御と微小管" 蛋白質・核酸・酵素. 40. 33-42 (1995)
[文献書誌] SHIBAOKA,H.: "The use of model systems prepared from tobauo BY-2 cells for studies of the plant cytoskeleton" J. Microscopy. 181(in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] MAYUMI,K.: "the cyclic reorientation of cortical microfubules on walls with a crossed polylamellate strucfure" Protoplasma. (in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] TAKAHASHI,Y.: "Expression of the auxin-regulated parA gene in transgenic tobacco and nuclear organization of its gene products" Planta. 193. 567-572 (1995)
[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Inhibition of breakdown of xyloglucans in azuki bean epicoty′s by corcanavalin A" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 897-902 (1995)
[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Mechanism of xyloglucan breakdown in cell walls of azuki bean epicofyls" J. Plant Physiology. 147. 219-224 (1995)
[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Automorphosis of maize shoots under simulated microgravity on a three-dimensional Clinostat" Physiol. Plant.93. 346-351 (1995)
[文献書誌] PARVEZ,M.M.: "Changes in cellular osmotic potential and mechanical properties of cell walls during light induced inhibition of cell elongation in maize coleoptiles" Physiol. Plant.(in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] KAWAMURA,Y.: "Formulation of pre-extension in a practical stress-relaxation measurement of the plant cell wall" Biorheology. (in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] NISHITANI,K.: "Endo-xyloglucan transferase,a new class of transferase involved in cell wall construction" J. Plant Research. 108. 137-148 (1995)
[文献書誌] KUMAGAI,F.: "The involvement of protein synthesis olongation factor 1α in the organization of microtubules on the perinuclear region during the cell cycle transition from M phase to G1 phase in tobacco BY-Z tepls" Botanica Acta. (in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] MITSI,H.: "Cell cycle dependent accumulation of a kinesin-like protein, Kat B/C in synchrouizod to bauo BY-2 cells" Plant Mol. Biol.(in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] NAKAMURA,S.: "Cloning and sequencing of cDNA for poplar endo-1,4-β-glucanase" Plant and cell Physiology. 36. 1229-1235 (1995)
[文献書誌] OHMIYA,Y.: "Purification and properties of wall-bound endo-1,4-β-glucanase from suspension culfured poplar cells" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 607-614 (1995)
[文献書誌] TAKEDA,T.: "Characterization of xyloglucan endotransgly cosylation" Wood Research. 82. 14-16 (1995)
[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Concanavalin A inhibits auxin-induced elongation and breakdown of(1→3),(1→4)-β-D-glucans in segments of rice cdeopfiles" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 517-523 (1995)
[文献書誌] 富田英津子: "エンド型キシログルカン転移酵素の反応機構と遺伝子発現" 応用糖質学会. 42. 169-175 (1995)
[文献書誌] 西谷和彦: "植物細胞壁はどのようにしてつくられるか" 化学と生物. 33. 278-280 (1995)
[文献書誌] SATO,S.: "Subtractive hybridization cloning and analysis of genes expressed during carrot somatic embryogenesis" Plant Mol. Biol.28. 39-46 (1995)
[文献書誌] MINAMI,A.: "Transient and specific expression of a cysteino endopepticlase during aufdysis in differentiating fracheary elements foom zinnia mesophyll cells" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 1599-1606 (1995)
[文献書誌] JOY,R.W.IV: "Cloning and characterization of polyphenol oridase cDNAs of Phytolacca americana" Plant Physiology. 107. 1083-1089 (1995)
[文献書誌] SATO,Y.: "Purification of cationic peroxidases bound to the cell walls from the roots of zinnia elegans" J. Plant Research. 108. 463-468 (1995)
[文献書誌] SATO,Y.: "Separation and characterization of the isozymes of wall-bound peroxidase from cultured Zinnia cells during tracheary element differentiation" Planta. 196. 141-147 (1995)
[文献書誌] KAWAHARA,R.: "Isolation and characterization of homeobox-containing genes of carrot" Plant Mol. Biol.27. 155-164 (1995)
[文献書誌] FUKUDA,H.: "Xylogenesis: Initiation,progression and cell death" Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Mol. Biol.38(in press). (1996)
[文献書誌] 園部誠司: "植物の分子細胞生物学(分担執筆)" 株式会社秀潤社, 171 (1995)
[文献書誌] 西谷和彦: "植物の分子細胞生物学(分担執筆)" 株式会社秀潤社, 171 (1995)

1995 年度 実績報告書

植物細胞形態構築の制御機構

研究代表者

柴岡 弘郎 大阪大学, 理学部, 教授 (60087054)

研究成果

[文献書誌] MAYUMI,K.: "A possible double role for brassinolide in the reorientation of cortical microtubules in epidermal cells of azuki bean epico fyls" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 173-181 (1995)

[文献書誌] YASUHARA,H.: "Effects of brefeldin A on the formation of the cell plate in tobacco BY-2 cells" Eur. J. Cell Biology. 66. 274-281 (1995)

[文献書誌] 柴岡弘郎: "植物の形の制御と微小管" 蛋白質・核酸・酵素. 40. 33-42 (1995)

[文献書誌] SHIBAOKA,H.: "The use of model systems prepared from tobauo BY-2 cells for studies of the plant cytoskeleton" J. Microscopy. 181(in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] MAYUMI,K.: "the cyclic reorientation of cortical microfubules on walls with a crossed polylamellate strucfure" Protoplasma. (in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] TAKAHASHI,Y.: "Expression of the auxin-regulated parA gene in transgenic tobacco and nuclear organization of its gene products" Planta. 193. 567-572 (1995)

[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Inhibition of breakdown of xyloglucans in azuki bean epicoty′s by corcanavalin A" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 897-902 (1995)

[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Mechanism of xyloglucan breakdown in cell walls of azuki bean epicofyls" J. Plant Physiology. 147. 219-224 (1995)

[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Automorphosis of maize shoots under simulated microgravity on a three-dimensional Clinostat" Physiol. Plant.93. 346-351 (1995)

[文献書誌] PARVEZ,M.M.: "Changes in cellular osmotic potential and mechanical properties of cell walls during light induced inhibition of cell elongation in maize coleoptiles" Physiol. Plant.(in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] KAWAMURA,Y.: "Formulation of pre-extension in a practical stress-relaxation measurement of the plant cell wall" Biorheology. (in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] NISHITANI,K.: "Endo-xyloglucan transferase,a new class of transferase involved in cell wall construction" J. Plant Research. 108. 137-148 (1995)

[文献書誌] KUMAGAI,F.: "The involvement of protein synthesis olongation factor 1α in the organization of microtubules on the perinuclear region during the cell cycle transition from M phase to G1 phase in tobacco BY-Z tepls" Botanica Acta. (in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] MITSI,H.: "Cell cycle dependent accumulation of a kinesin-like protein, Kat B/C in synchrouizod to bauo BY-2 cells" Plant Mol. Biol.(in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] NAKAMURA,S.: "Cloning and sequencing of cDNA for poplar endo-1,4-β-glucanase" Plant and cell Physiology. 36. 1229-1235 (1995)

[文献書誌] OHMIYA,Y.: "Purification and properties of wall-bound endo-1,4-β-glucanase from suspension culfured poplar cells" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 607-614 (1995)

[文献書誌] TAKEDA,T.: "Characterization of xyloglucan endotransgly cosylation" Wood Research. 82. 14-16 (1995)

[文献書誌] HOSON,T.: "Concanavalin A inhibits auxin-induced elongation and breakdown of(1→3),(1→4)-β-D-glucans in segments of rice cdeopfiles" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 517-523 (1995)

[文献書誌] 富田英津子: "エンド型キシログルカン転移酵素の反応機構と遺伝子発現" 応用糖質学会. 42. 169-175 (1995)

[文献書誌] 西谷和彦: "植物細胞壁はどのようにしてつくられるか" 化学と生物. 33. 278-280 (1995)

[文献書誌] SATO,S.: "Subtractive hybridization cloning and analysis of genes expressed during carrot somatic embryogenesis" Plant Mol. Biol.28. 39-46 (1995)

[文献書誌] MINAMI,A.: "Transient and specific expression of a cysteino endopepticlase during aufdysis in differentiating fracheary elements foom zinnia mesophyll cells" Plant and Cell Physiology. 36. 1599-1606 (1995)

[文献書誌] JOY,R.W.IV: "Cloning and characterization of polyphenol oridase cDNAs of Phytolacca americana" Plant Physiology. 107. 1083-1089 (1995)

[文献書誌] SATO,Y.: "Purification of cationic peroxidases bound to the cell walls from the roots of zinnia elegans" J. Plant Research. 108. 463-468 (1995)

[文献書誌] SATO,Y.: "Separation and characterization of the isozymes of wall-bound peroxidase from cultured Zinnia cells during tracheary element differentiation" Planta. 196. 141-147 (1995)

[文献書誌] KAWAHARA,R.: "Isolation and characterization of homeobox-containing genes of carrot" Plant Mol. Biol.27. 155-164 (1995)

[文献書誌] FUKUDA,H.: "Xylogenesis: Initiation,progression and cell death" Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Mol. Biol.38(in press). (1996)

[文献書誌] 園部誠司: "植物の分子細胞生物学(分担執筆)" 株式会社秀潤社, 171 (1995)

[文献書誌] 西谷和彦: "植物の分子細胞生物学(分担執筆)" 株式会社秀潤社, 171 (1995)

1995 年度実績報告書

柴岡弘郎大阪大学, 理学部, 教授 (60087054)