1996 年度実績報告書

水棲動物の化学受容機構

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	07044172
研究機関	北海道大学
研究代表者	鈴木教世北海道大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (10001851)
研究分担者	丸井隆之奥羽大学, 歯学部, 教授 (40076047) VALENTINCIC ティナリュウブリアナ大学, 生物工学部, 教授 CAPRIO John ルイジアナ州立大学, 文理学部, 教授栗原堅三北海道大学, 薬学部, 教授 (00016114)
キーワード	化学感覚 / 魚類嗅覚 / 魚類味覚 / トラスダクション / アミノ酸 / 嗅覚味覚受容体 / イオンチャンネル / 摂食行動
研究概要	以下の主要項目について研究を進め新しい知見を得た。1)ニジマス、ナマズ、コイの嗅上皮、味上皮から、嗅細胞、味細胞を分離し、パッチクランプ法による技法と従来の電気生理学的技法により、嗅細胞、味細胞の応答を調べた。ニジマス、ナマズの嗅上皮には、繊毛型と微絨毛型の2種の嗅細胞が含まれ、両型の嗅細胞には、興奮性応答と抑制性応答があり、アミノ酸について異なる応答スペクトラムを示し、個々の嗅細胞には複数のアミノ酸受容体が分布することが分かった。2)広塩性魚類のサケ科魚類のモデルとしてのニジマスの嗅上皮の塩濃度環境変化に伴う嗅細胞のアミノ酸応答変化を調べ、塩濃度が変化してもアミノ酸応答に影響を与えないこと、また、サケの母川水組成の分析から、母川回帰時のサケは母川水のアミノ酸類の組成の違いを嗅覚で識別していることが示唆された。3)ナマズの味覚中枢神経核ニューロンのアミノ酸及び触刺激応答から、味覚刺激のみ、触刺激のみ、それら両刺激に応答するニューロン群があることが分かった。また、末梢の味覚神経のアミノ酸や触応答は、1mM程度のキニン(quinine-HCl)により抑制された。これは、味細胞膜に分布するCa-チャンネルのキニンによる抑制的薬理効果であることが示唆された。4)ナマズについてアミノ酸刺激対する嗅覚条件付け行動を調べ、単一のアミノ酸に条件づけられると他の単一アミノ酸類を識別する。また、電気生理学的に同強度の二重アミノ酸混合物に条件づけされると、混合物中のより強度の高いものを目安に二重のアミノ酸混合物を識別することが明らかになった。5)コイの味蕾からmRNAを抽出し、味覚変換機構に関わるG-蛋白質のcDNAのクローニングを行い、DIGプローブによるin situ hybridizationによりそれらの一つはコイの味蕾細胞先端部での発現分布が確認されたが、金魚、ゴンズイ、ナマズの味蕾には発現が見られず、コイに特異的なものであった。

研究成果
(27件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (27件)

[文献書誌] Suzuki,N.: "Isolation of olfactory receptor neurons from the rainbow trout and their chemical stimulation with the pressure ejection system." Chem.Sens.22. 95- (1997)
[文献書誌] 鈴木教世: "ニジマス嗅細胞の分離とアミノ酸類の圧力吐出刺激" 日本味と匂学会誌. 3. 424-427 (1996)
[文献書誌] Hirabayashi,S.and Suzuki,N.: "Involvement of Ca^<2+>-calmodulin in the adaptation of rat olfactory receptor neurons." Chem.Sens.21. 84- (1996)
[文献書誌] Katsuragi,Y.,Yasumasu,T.& Kurihara,K.: "Lipoprotein that selectively inhibits taste nerve responses to bitter substances." Brain Res.713. 240-245 (1996)
[文献書誌] Katsuragi,Y.,Sugiura,Y.,Otsuji,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Characteristics of phosphatidic acid-containing lipoproteins which selectively inhibit bitter taste ; high affinity to frog tongue surface and hydrophobic model membranes." Biochim.Biophys.Acta. 1289. 322-328 (1996)
[文献書誌] Nagao,H.,Matsuoka,I.& Kurihara,K.: "Effects of phorbol ester on expression of CNTF-mRNA in cultured astrocytes from rat olfactory bulb." Brain Res. 719. 23-28 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Nagasawa,F.,Enamor,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Odor discrimination of "cAMP-" and "IP_3-dependent" odorants at turtle olfactory bulb." Eur.J.Physiol.431. 786-790 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Kawahara,H.,Kanaki,K.,Nagasawa,F.& Kurihara,K.: "Ca^<2+>-and Cl^--dependence of the turtle olfactory response to forskolin." Comp.Biochem.Physiol.115A. 43-52 (1996)
[文献書誌] Taniguchi,M.,Kashiwayanagi,M.& Kurihara,K.: "Intracellular dialysis of cyclic nucleotide induces inward currents in the turtle vomeronasal receptor neurons." J.Neurosci.16. 1239-1246 (1996)
[文献書誌] Shoji,T.,Fijita,K.,Furuhata,E.& Kurihara,K.: "Olfactory responses of a euryhaline fish,The rainbow trout : adaptation of olfactory receptors to sea water and salt dependence of their responses to amino acids." J.Exp.Biol.199. 303-310 (1996)
[文献書誌] Okamoto,K.,Tokumitsu,Y.& Kashiwayanagi,M.: "Adenylyl cyclase activity in turtle vomeronasal and olfactory epithelium." Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.220. 98-101 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Shimano,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Existence of multiple receptors in single neuron : responses of single bullfrog olfactory neurons to many odorants including cAMP-dependent and independent odorants." Brain Res.738. 222-228 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Inamura,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Enhancement of turtle olfactory reponses to forskolin and odorants by increasing mucosal Na^+ concentration." Prim.Sensory Neuron. 1. 285-296 (1996)
[文献書誌] Ogawa,K.,Marui,T.& Caprio,J.: "Quinine suppresses taste responses in the channel catfish." Brain Res.(印刷中). (1997)
[文献書誌] Zippel,H.P.,Hansen,A.& Caprio,J.: "Renewing olfactory receptor neurons in goldfish do not require contact with the olfactory bulb to develop normal chemical responsiveness." J.Comp.Physiol. (印刷中). (1997)
[文献書誌] Ogawa,K.,Marui,T.& Caprio,J.: "Bimodal (taste/tactile) fibers innervate the maxillary barbel of the channel catfish" Chem.Senses.(印刷中). (1997)
[文献書誌] Valentincic,T.& Caprio,J.: "Visual and chemical release of feeding behavior in adult rainbow trout." Chem.Senses.(印刷中). (1997)
[文献書誌] Gilbertson,D.M.,Monroe,W.T.,Milliet J.R.,Caprio,J.& Gilbertson,T.A.: "Citrate ions enhance behavioral and cellular responses to taste stimuli." Chem.Senses.(印刷中). (1997)
[文献書誌] Kang,J.and Caprio,J.: "In vivo responses of single olfactory receptor neurons of channel catfish to binary mixtures of amino acids." J.Neurophysiol.77. 1-8 (1997)
[文献書誌] Chang,Q.& Caprio,J.: "Electrophysiological evidence for the broad distribution of specific odorant receptor molecules across the olfactory organ of the channel catfish." Chem.Senses. 21. 519-527 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kiyohara,S.& Caprio,J.: "Somatotopic organization of the facial lobe of the sea catfish,Arius felis,studied by transganglionic transport of HRP." J.Comp.Neurol.368. 121-135 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kohbara,J.& Caprio,J.: "Taste responses to binary mixtures of amino acids in the sea catfish,Arius felis." Chem.Senses. 21. 45-53 (1996)
[文献書誌] Valentincic,T.,Koce,A.,Kralj,J.,Stenovec,M.& Caprio,J.: "Catfish perceive binary mixtures of L-amino acids as their more stimulatory components." Chem.Senses. 21. 682- (1996)
[文献書誌] Valentincic,T.,Kralj,J.,Stenovec,M.& Koce,A.: "Learned olfactory discrimination of amino acids and their binary mixtures in bullhead catfish Ameiurus nebulosus." Pflugers Archiv.Europ.J.Physiol.431 Suppl.2. 313-314 (1996)
[文献書誌] Koce,A.& Valentincic,T.: "Are electric stimuli discriminated by bullhead catfish." Pflugers Archiv.Europ.J.Physiol.431 Suppl.2. R184- (1996)
[文献書誌] Stenovec,M.,Kralj,J.,Pirc,V.,Koce,A.& Valentincic,T.: "Olfactory identification of binary mixtures of L-norvaline and L-leucine in bullhead catfish,Ameiurus nebulosus." Pflugers Archiv.Europ.J.Physiol.431 Suppl.2. R185- (1996)
[文献書誌] Sorensen,P.& Caprio,J.: "Chemoreception in fishes.In : Physiology of Fishes (D.Evans,Ed.)" CRC Press,Boca Raton(印刷中), (1997)

1996 年度 実績報告書

水棲動物の化学受容機構

研究代表者

鈴木 教世 北海道大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (10001851)

研究成果

[文献書誌] Suzuki,N.: "Isolation of olfactory receptor neurons from the rainbow trout and their chemical stimulation with the pressure ejection system." Chem.Sens.22. 95- (1997)

[文献書誌] 鈴木教世: "ニジマス嗅細胞の分離とアミノ酸類の圧力吐出刺激" 日本味と匂学会誌. 3. 424-427 (1996)

[文献書誌] Hirabayashi,S.and Suzuki,N.: "Involvement of Ca^<2+>-calmodulin in the adaptation of rat olfactory receptor neurons." Chem.Sens.21. 84- (1996)

[文献書誌] Katsuragi,Y.,Yasumasu,T.& Kurihara,K.: "Lipoprotein that selectively inhibits taste nerve responses to bitter substances." Brain Res.713. 240-245 (1996)

[文献書誌] Katsuragi,Y.,Sugiura,Y.,Otsuji,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Characteristics of phosphatidic acid-containing lipoproteins which selectively inhibit bitter taste ; high affinity to frog tongue surface and hydrophobic model membranes." Biochim.Biophys.Acta. 1289. 322-328 (1996)

[文献書誌] Nagao,H.,Matsuoka,I.& Kurihara,K.: "Effects of phorbol ester on expression of CNTF-mRNA in cultured astrocytes from rat olfactory bulb." Brain Res. 719. 23-28 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Nagasawa,F.,Enamor,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Odor discrimination of "cAMP-" and "IP_3-dependent" odorants at turtle olfactory bulb." Eur.J.Physiol.431. 786-790 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Kawahara,H.,Kanaki,K.,Nagasawa,F.& Kurihara,K.: "Ca^<2+>-and Cl^--dependence of the turtle olfactory response to forskolin." Comp.Biochem.Physiol.115A. 43-52 (1996)

[文献書誌] Taniguchi,M.,Kashiwayanagi,M.& Kurihara,K.: "Intracellular dialysis of cyclic nucleotide induces inward currents in the turtle vomeronasal receptor neurons." J.Neurosci.16. 1239-1246 (1996)

[文献書誌] Shoji,T.,Fijita,K.,Furuhata,E.& Kurihara,K.: "Olfactory responses of a euryhaline fish,The rainbow trout : adaptation of olfactory receptors to sea water and salt dependence of their responses to amino acids." J.Exp.Biol.199. 303-310 (1996)

[文献書誌] Okamoto,K.,Tokumitsu,Y.& Kashiwayanagi,M.: "Adenylyl cyclase activity in turtle vomeronasal and olfactory epithelium." Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.220. 98-101 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Shimano,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Existence of multiple receptors in single neuron : responses of single bullfrog olfactory neurons to many odorants including cAMP-dependent and independent odorants." Brain Res.738. 222-228 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kashiwayanagi,M.,Inamura,K.& Kurihara,K.: "Enhancement of turtle olfactory reponses to forskolin and odorants by increasing mucosal Na^+ concentration." Prim.Sensory Neuron. 1. 285-296 (1996)

[文献書誌] Ogawa,K.,Marui,T.& Caprio,J.: "Quinine suppresses taste responses in the channel catfish." Brain Res.(印刷中). (1997)

[文献書誌] Zippel,H.P.,Hansen,A.& Caprio,J.: "Renewing olfactory receptor neurons in goldfish do not require contact with the olfactory bulb to develop normal chemical responsiveness." J.Comp.Physiol. (印刷中). (1997)

[文献書誌] Ogawa,K.,Marui,T.& Caprio,J.: "Bimodal (taste/tactile) fibers innervate the maxillary barbel of the channel catfish" Chem.Senses.(印刷中). (1997)

[文献書誌] Valentincic,T.& Caprio,J.: "Visual and chemical release of feeding behavior in adult rainbow trout." Chem.Senses.(印刷中). (1997)

[文献書誌] Gilbertson,D.M.,Monroe,W.T.,Milliet J.R.,Caprio,J.& Gilbertson,T.A.: "Citrate ions enhance behavioral and cellular responses to taste stimuli." Chem.Senses.(印刷中). (1997)

[文献書誌] Kang,J.and Caprio,J.: "In vivo responses of single olfactory receptor neurons of channel catfish to binary mixtures of amino acids." J.Neurophysiol.77. 1-8 (1997)

[文献書誌] Chang,Q.& Caprio,J.: "Electrophysiological evidence for the broad distribution of specific odorant receptor molecules across the olfactory organ of the channel catfish." Chem.Senses. 21. 519-527 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kiyohara,S.& Caprio,J.: "Somatotopic organization of the facial lobe of the sea catfish,Arius felis,studied by transganglionic transport of HRP." J.Comp.Neurol.368. 121-135 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kohbara,J.& Caprio,J.: "Taste responses to binary mixtures of amino acids in the sea catfish,Arius felis." Chem.Senses. 21. 45-53 (1996)

[文献書誌] Valentincic,T.,Koce,A.,Kralj,J.,Stenovec,M.& Caprio,J.: "Catfish perceive binary mixtures of L-amino acids as their more stimulatory components." Chem.Senses. 21. 682- (1996)

[文献書誌] Valentincic,T.,Kralj,J.,Stenovec,M.& Koce,A.: "Learned olfactory discrimination of amino acids and their binary mixtures in bullhead catfish Ameiurus nebulosus." Pflugers Archiv.Europ.J.Physiol.431 Suppl.2. 313-314 (1996)

[文献書誌] Koce,A.& Valentincic,T.: "Are electric stimuli discriminated by bullhead catfish." Pflugers Archiv.Europ.J.Physiol.431 Suppl.2. R184- (1996)

[文献書誌] Stenovec,M.,Kralj,J.,Pirc,V.,Koce,A.& Valentincic,T.: "Olfactory identification of binary mixtures of L-norvaline and L-leucine in bullhead catfish,Ameiurus nebulosus." Pflugers Archiv.Europ.J.Physiol.431 Suppl.2. R185- (1996)

[文献書誌] Sorensen,P.& Caprio,J.: "Chemoreception in fishes.In : Physiology of Fishes (D.Evans,Ed.)" CRC Press,Boca Raton(印刷中), (1997)

1996 年度実績報告書

鈴木教世北海道大学, 大学院・理学研究科, 助教授 (10001851)