1996 年度実績報告書

変態における自己・非自己の認識転換と形作りの分子機構

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	08276102
研究種目	重点領域研究
研究機関	東京大学
研究代表者	久保健雄東京大学, 薬学部, 助教授 (10201469)
研究分担者	早川洋一北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 助教授 (50164926) 富野士良東京都立大学, 理学部, 教授 (30101075) 桜井勝金沢大学, 理学部, 教授 (80143874) 名取俊二東京大学, 薬学部, 教授 (50012662) 石川統東京大学, 理学部, 教授 (70012482)
キーワード	昆虫 / 変態 / 自己・非自己 / 認識転換 / 形態形成 / 生体防御 / 二重機能性 / 増殖因子
研究概要	昆虫の変態期には、それまで自己であった幼虫組織が非自己として排除される一方で、成虫組織が新たに成虫原基から発生する。本研究では、変態における自己・非自己の認識転換と、形作りの分子機構の解析を目的とした。研究実績の概要は以下の通り。(1)センチニクバエにおいて生体防御と発生に働く体液性レクチンのホモログを、遺伝学が利用できるショウジョウバエから精製し、その遺伝子が発生過程と生体防御時に発現することを示した(名取)。(2)ワモンゴキブリの肢の再生芽で筋分化に働くと考える体液性レクチン(リジェネクチン)の遺伝子が、再生上皮組織で発現することを示した。また再生芽の上皮組織に局在するレクチン(26-kDaレクチン)のcDNAも取得し、これらのレクチンが構造上のファミリーをなすことを示した(久保)。昆虫の体液性レクチンは生体防御に働くが、こうしたレクチンが種を越えて形態形成(変態、再生)にも働く二重機能性蛋白を持つことが示されつつある。また、(3)昆虫(センチニクバエ)由来の新規な細胞増殖因子(IDGF)の精製とcDNAクローニングに成功した。この分子は未受精卵にも存在し、表割や多核化など昆虫の胚期に特徴的な細胞増殖の制御分子の候補として期待される(名取)。さらに(4)、センチニクバエの変態期に幼虫脂肪体の崩壊に働く体液細胞カテプシンBの翻訳制御に働くカテプシンBmRNA結合淡白(CBBP)を精製した(名取)。これらの知見はいずれも、昆虫の変態を特徴づける新しい分子機構として注目に値する。このほか(5)カイコ絹糸腺がエクダイソンによりアポトーシスを起こすことを示した(桜井)。(6)カイコの幼虫脂肪体から、貯蔵蛋白遺伝子の性、発生段階特異的な発現に働く転写因子を同定した(富野)(7)細胞内共生菌の寄生により、宿主の細胞内で発現誘導される27-kDa蛋白を同定した(石川)。(8)寄生蜂が寄生したアワヨトウの幼虫体内では発育阻害ペプチド(GBP)が翻訳レベルで発現誘導されることを示した(早川)。

研究成果
(24件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (24件)

[文献書誌] Kawasaki,K.: "Presence of the Periplanata lectin-related protein family in the American cockroach Periplanata americana." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 355-364 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kubo,T.: "Insect lectins and epimorphosis" Trends in Glycosci.Glycotech.8. 357-364 (1996)
[文献書誌] Kubo,T.: "Change in the expression of the hypopharyngeal gland proteins of the worker honeybee(Apis mellifera L)with age and/or role." J.Biochem.119. 291-295 (1996)
[文献書誌] Ohashi,K.: "Molecular cloning of cDNA and analysis of expression of the gene for α-glucosidase from the hypopharyngeal gland proteins of the worker honeybees Apis mellifera L" Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.221. 380-385 (1996)
[文献書誌] 久保健雄: "ミツバチの分子社会生物学" 化学と生物. 34. 793-798 (1996)
[文献書誌] Homma,K.: "Purification,charactenization,and cDNA cloning of a novel growth factor from enbryonic cell line of Sarcophaga peregrina(flesh fly)." J.Biol.Chem.271. 13770-13775 (1996)
[文献書誌] Leem,J.Y.: "Purification and characterization of N-β-Alanyl-5-S-glutathionyl-3,4-dihydrophenyalanin,a novel antibacterial substance of Sarcophaga peregrina(flesh fly)." J.Biol.Chem.271. 13573-13577 (1996)
[文献書誌] Haq,S.: "Purification,characterization,and cDNA cloning of a galactose-specific C-type lectin trom Drosophila melanogaster." J.Biol.Chem.271. 20213-20218 (1996)
[文献書誌] Horio,T.: "Purifcation and cDNA cloning of the alchol dehydrogenase of the flesh fly Sarcophaga peregrina" Eur.J.Biochem.237. 698-703 (1996)
[文献書誌] Homma,K.: "Identification of substrate proteins for cathepsin L that are selectively hydrolyzed during the differentiation of imaginal discs of Sarcophaga peregrina." Eur.J.Biochem.240. 443-447 (1996)
[文献書誌] Sugiyama,H.: "Transmethytation reaction is essential for Sareophaga lectin gene activation." J.Biochem.119. 354-359 (1996)
[文献書誌] Niimi,S.: "Developmental changes in juvenile hormone acid titers in the hemolymph and in vitro juvenile hormone synthesis by corpora allata of the silkworm,Bombyx mori." J.Insect Physiol.(in press). (1997)
[文献書誌] Oda,Y.: "Dymamics of hemolymph sorbitol-6-phosphate and its control by ecdysteroid in the larvae of the silkworm,Bombyx mori." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.(in press). (1997)
[文献書誌] Tuzuki,S.: "Structure and expression of bombyxin E1 gene,a novel family gene that encodes bombyxin-IV,an insect insulin-related neurosecretory peptide." Comp,Biochem.Physiol.(B). (in press). (1997)
[文献書誌] Iwami,M.: "Bombyxin gene expression in tissues other than brain detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and in situ hybridization." Experimentia. 52. 882-887 (1996)
[文献書誌] Sasaki,T.: "Nitrogen recycling in the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens:involvement of yeastlike endosymbionts in uric acid metabolism." J.Insect Physiol.42. 125-129 (1996)
[文献書誌] Harada,H.: "A consideration about the origin of aphid intra-symbiont in connection with gut bacteria flora." J.Gen.Appl.Microbiol.42. 17-42 (1996)
[文献書誌] Komaki,K.: "A characteristic difference among GroEL homologues from intracellular symbionts of closely-intrarelated species of aphid." Zool.Sci.13. 320-323 (1996)
[文献書誌] Fukatsu,T.: "Phylogenic position of yeast-like symbiont of Hamiltonaphis styraci(Homoptera,Aphididae)based on 18S rDNA sequence." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 383-388 (1996)
[文献書誌] Aoki,S.: "Secondary monoecy of the gall aphid Therabius populimonilis(Homoptera)." Jpn.J.Entomol.64. 367-378 (1996)
[文献書誌] Amako,D.: "Nucleotide sequence and presumed secondary structure of the 28S rRNA of pea ahid:Implication for diversification of insect rRNA." J.Mol.Evol.43. 469-475 (1996)
[文献書誌] Yamanaka,A.: "Charactetization of polidnavirus-encoded mRNA in parasitism-induced evelation of dopamin levels in host insect larvae." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 529-536 (1996)
[文献書誌] Noguchi,H.: "Mechanism of parasitism-induced evelation of dopamine levels in insect larvae." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 659-665 (1996)
[文献書誌] Natori,S.: "New directions in insect immunity" Role of lectins in development and morphogenesis in insects., 13 (1996)

1996 年度 実績報告書

変態における自己・非自己の認識転換と形作りの分子機構

研究代表者

久保 健雄 東京大学, 薬学部, 助教授 (10201469)

研究成果

[文献書誌] Kawasaki,K.: "Presence of the Periplanata lectin-related protein family in the American cockroach Periplanata americana." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 355-364 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kubo,T.: "Insect lectins and epimorphosis" Trends in Glycosci.Glycotech.8. 357-364 (1996)

[文献書誌] Kubo,T.: "Change in the expression of the hypopharyngeal gland proteins of the worker honeybee(Apis mellifera L)with age and/or role." J.Biochem.119. 291-295 (1996)

[文献書誌] Ohashi,K.: "Molecular cloning of cDNA and analysis of expression of the gene for α-glucosidase from the hypopharyngeal gland proteins of the worker honeybees Apis mellifera L" Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.221. 380-385 (1996)

[文献書誌] 久保健雄: "ミツバチの分子社会生物学" 化学と生物. 34. 793-798 (1996)

[文献書誌] Homma,K.: "Purification,charactenization,and cDNA cloning of a novel growth factor from enbryonic cell line of Sarcophaga peregrina(flesh fly)." J.Biol.Chem.271. 13770-13775 (1996)

[文献書誌] Leem,J.Y.: "Purification and characterization of N-β-Alanyl-5-S-glutathionyl-3,4-dihydrophenyalanin,a novel antibacterial substance of Sarcophaga peregrina(flesh fly)." J.Biol.Chem.271. 13573-13577 (1996)

[文献書誌] Haq,S.: "Purification,characterization,and cDNA cloning of a galactose-specific C-type lectin trom Drosophila melanogaster." J.Biol.Chem.271. 20213-20218 (1996)

[文献書誌] Horio,T.: "Purifcation and cDNA cloning of the alchol dehydrogenase of the flesh fly Sarcophaga peregrina" Eur.J.Biochem.237. 698-703 (1996)

[文献書誌] Homma,K.: "Identification of substrate proteins for cathepsin L that are selectively hydrolyzed during the differentiation of imaginal discs of Sarcophaga peregrina." Eur.J.Biochem.240. 443-447 (1996)

[文献書誌] Sugiyama,H.: "Transmethytation reaction is essential for Sareophaga lectin gene activation." J.Biochem.119. 354-359 (1996)

[文献書誌] Niimi,S.: "Developmental changes in juvenile hormone acid titers in the hemolymph and in vitro juvenile hormone synthesis by corpora allata of the silkworm,Bombyx mori." J.Insect Physiol.(in press). (1997)

[文献書誌] Oda,Y.: "Dymamics of hemolymph sorbitol-6-phosphate and its control by ecdysteroid in the larvae of the silkworm,Bombyx mori." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.(in press). (1997)

[文献書誌] Tuzuki,S.: "Structure and expression of bombyxin E1 gene,a novel family gene that encodes bombyxin-IV,an insect insulin-related neurosecretory peptide." Comp,Biochem.Physiol.(B). (in press). (1997)

[文献書誌] Iwami,M.: "Bombyxin gene expression in tissues other than brain detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and in situ hybridization." Experimentia. 52. 882-887 (1996)

[文献書誌] Sasaki,T.: "Nitrogen recycling in the brown planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens:involvement of yeastlike endosymbionts in uric acid metabolism." J.Insect Physiol.42. 125-129 (1996)

[文献書誌] Harada,H.: "A consideration about the origin of aphid intra-symbiont in connection with gut bacteria flora." J.Gen.Appl.Microbiol.42. 17-42 (1996)

[文献書誌] Komaki,K.: "A characteristic difference among GroEL homologues from intracellular symbionts of closely-intrarelated species of aphid." Zool.Sci.13. 320-323 (1996)

[文献書誌] Fukatsu,T.: "Phylogenic position of yeast-like symbiont of Hamiltonaphis styraci(Homoptera,Aphididae)based on 18S rDNA sequence." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 383-388 (1996)

[文献書誌] Aoki,S.: "Secondary monoecy of the gall aphid Therabius populimonilis(Homoptera)." Jpn.J.Entomol.64. 367-378 (1996)

[文献書誌] Amako,D.: "Nucleotide sequence and presumed secondary structure of the 28S rRNA of pea ahid:Implication for diversification of insect rRNA." J.Mol.Evol.43. 469-475 (1996)

[文献書誌] Yamanaka,A.: "Charactetization of polidnavirus-encoded mRNA in parasitism-induced evelation of dopamin levels in host insect larvae." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 529-536 (1996)

[文献書誌] Noguchi,H.: "Mechanism of parasitism-induced evelation of dopamine levels in insect larvae." Insect Biochem.Molec.Biol.26. 659-665 (1996)

[文献書誌] Natori,S.: "New directions in insect immunity" Role of lectins in development and morphogenesis in insects., 13 (1996)

1996 年度実績報告書

久保健雄東京大学, 薬学部, 助教授 (10201469)