1999 年度実績報告書

変態における自己・非自己の認識転換と形作りの分子機構

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	08276102
研究機関	東京大学
研究代表者	久保健雄東京大学, 大学院・薬学系研究科, 助教授 (10201469)
研究分担者	桜井勝金沢大学, 理学部, 教授 (80143874) 石川統東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (70012482) 名取俊二理化学研究所, 名取特別研究室, 特別招聘研究員 (50012662) 上野孝治国立岡崎共同研究機構, 基礎生物学研究所, 助教授 (10143504) 芦田正明北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 教授 (50012422)
キーワード	昆虫 / 変態 / 自己、非自己 / 認識転換 / 形態形成 / 脳 / 行動 / ホルモン
研究概要	昆虫の変態期には、それまで自己であった幼虫組織が非自己と識別されて排除される一方で、成虫組織が新たに成虫原基から発生してくる。本研究では、こうした昆虫の変態の分子機構の解明を目的とし、以下の成果を得た。1、センチニクバエにおいて、発生と生体防御に働く二重機能性をもつ体液性レクチン(Sarcophaga レクチン)の遺伝子発現に、2種類の新規な転写因子(SRAMとATBP)が関与することを示した。発生と生体防御が、遺伝子発現制御という側面でも共通項をもつことを示唆する点で興味深い(名取)。2、アフリカツメガエル幼生の尾の再生に関わる因子として体液性レクチンファミリーを同定し、cDNAクローニングを行った。ワモンゴキブリの肢の再生に関連する体液性レクチンの、脊椎動物における機能的ホモログと考えられる(久保)。3、ミツバチの行動を規定する遺伝子の候補として、脳の高次中枢(キノコ体)の2種類の介在神経細胞に、各々選択的に発現するKL-1とKS-1遺伝子のゲノム構造を解析し、これらが新規な非翻訳性RNAをコードすることを示唆した(久保)。4、カイコ絹糸腺の蛹期のアポトーシスの初期過程に発現する7種類の遺伝子を同定した。又、このアポトーシスにおいてエクジソンが遺伝子発現を介さない作用をもつことを示した(桜井)。5、カイコの神経系に高発現する蛋白パルミチル化酵素のマウスホモログが、神経細胞の軸索伸長に働くGAP34の修飾を介して軸索伸長を制御することを示唆した(上野)。5、カイコの生体防御蛋白の一種であるβ-1,3-グルカン結合蛋白のβ-1,3-グルカン結合ドメインを同定した。又、フェノール酸化酵素前駆体の活性化酵素カスケードが、生体防御蛋白(抗カビペプチド)の発現誘導のシグナルになることを示唆した(芦田)。6、アブラムシの細胞内共生細菌ブフネラの遺伝子コピー数が、宿主昆虫の加齢にともない変動することを見出した。又、ブフネラの約650kbpに及ぶ全ゲノムの解読を完了し、宿主とブフネラの共生に関する種々の知見を得た(石川)。以上の研究は、国際的にも高く評価されており、昆虫科学の枠を越えて、生命科学一般に対する波及効果を持つと期待される。

研究成果
(30件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (30件)

[文献書誌] Kamikouchi, A: "Concentrated expression of Ca^<2+>/calmodulin-depemdemt protein kinase II and protein kinase C in the mushroom bodies of the brain of the worker honeybee Apis Mellifera L"J. Comp. Neurol,. 417. 501-510 (2000)
[文献書誌] Ohashi, K.: "Expression of amylase and glucose oxidase in the hypopharyngeal gland of the worker honeybee (Apis mellifera L.)"Eur. J. Biochem.. 265. 127-133 (2000)
[文献書誌] Arai, T: "Identification, characterization and cDNA cloning of two novel proteins secreted into the external space of the regenerating leg of Periplaneta americana"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Miura, T.: "Soldier caste-specific gene expression on the mandibular glands of Hodotermopsis-japonica (Isoptera : Termopsidae)"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96. 993-1000 (1999)
[文献書誌] Zheng, Z.-B.: "Inhibition effects of 5-S-glutathinyl-β-alanyl-L-dopa analogue against Src protein tyrosine kinase"Chem. Pharm. Bull.. 47. 777-782 (1999)
[文献書誌] Oshima, M.: "Enhanced resistance to bacterial diseases in transgenic tabacco leaf overexpressing sarcotoxin IA, a bactericidal peptide of insect"J. Biochem.. 125. 431-435 (1999)
[文献書誌] Ishikawa, H.: "Chemically-defined diets in studies of the intracellular symbioses of Homopterae with microrganisms"Int. J. Ecol. Environ. Sci.. 25. 267-276 (1999)
[文献書誌] Wilkinson, T. L.: "The assimilation and allocation of neutrients by symbiotic and aposymbiotic pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum"Entomol. Exp. Appl.. 91. 195-201 (1999)
[文献書誌] Kamaki, K.: "Intracellular bacerial symbionts of aphids possess many genomic copies per bacterium"J. Mol. Evol.. 48. 717-722 (1999)
[文献書誌] Sakaki, T.: "Wolbachia infections and cytoplasmic-imcompatibility in the almond moth and the Mediterranear flour moth"Zool. Sci.. 16. 739-744 (1999)
[文献書誌] Maui, S.: "The first detection of the insertion sequence ISW1 in the intracellular reproductive parasite Wolbachia"Plasmid. 42. 13-19 (1999)
[文献書誌] Matsumoto, K.: "Phosphocarrier proteins in an intracellular symbiotic bacterum of aphids"J. Biochem.. 126. 578-583 (1999)
[文献書誌] Kodama, S.: "Wolbachia infection and sytoplasmic incompatibility in the criket, Teleogryllus taiwanemma"J. Exp. Biol.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Masui, S.: "Evolution and distribution of bacteriophage WO in Wolbachia, the endosymbiont causing various sexual alternations in arthroopods"J. Mol. Evol.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Nakabachi, A.: "Polyamine composition and expression of genes related to polyamine biosynthesis in an aphid endosymbiotic bacterium, Bucchnera"Appl. Environ. Microbiol.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Moto, K.: "Gene transfer into insect brain and cell-specific expression of bonbixyin gene"Dev. Genes Evol.. 209. 447-450 (2000)
[文献書誌] Singtipot, T.: "Larval growth and diapause in a tropical moth, Omphisa fuscidentalis Hampson"Zool. Sci.. 16. 725-733 (2000)
[文献書誌] Oda, Y.: "Role of ecdysteroides in the dynamics of insect heamolymph sugar"Zool. Sci.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Theopold, U.: "Insect glycobiology : a lectin multigene family in Drosophila melanogaster"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.. 261. 923-927 (1999)
[文献書誌] Hijikata, M.: "Induction of apoptosis if monocyte-macrophage lineage cells by 5-S-GAD"FEBS Lett.. 457. 405-408 (1999)
[文献書誌] Cho, J. H.: "Activation of human neutorophiles by a synthetic anti-microbial peptide, KLKLLLLLKLK-NH_2, via cell surface calreticulin"Eur. J. Biochem.. 266. 878-885 (1999)
[文献書誌] Matsunami, K.: "Embryonic silk gland development in Bombyx mori : molecular cloning and expression of the Bombyx trachealess gene"Dev. Genes Evol.. 209. 507-514 (1999)
[文献書誌] Satoh, D.: "Prophenolexidase-activationg enzyme of silkworm Bombyx mori : purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning"J. Biol. Chem.. 274. 7441-7453 (1999)
[文献書誌] Ochiai, M.: "A pattern-recognition protein for β-1,3-glucan : the binding domain and the cDNA cloning of β-1,3-glucan recognition protein from the silkworm Bombyx mori"J. Biol. Chem.. 275. 4995-5002 (2000)
[文献書誌] Hongoh, Y.: "Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding a uricase from the yeast-like symbiont of the brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.. 30. 173-182 (2000)
[文献書誌] Sasaki, T.: "Horizontal transfer of Wolbachia in the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella, by embryonic microinjection"Heredity. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Komaki, K.: "Genomic copy number of intracellular bacterial symbionts of aphids varies in reponse to developmantal stages and morph of thier host"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Wilkinson, T. L.: "Injection of amino acids substitutes for bacterial supply in aposymbiotic pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)"Entomol. Exp. Appl.. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Shigenobu, S.: "Mutualism as revealed bythe genome sequence of Buchneara sp. ASP, an endocellular symbiont of aphids"Nature. (in press). (2000)
[文献書誌] Wilkinson, T. L.: "On the functional significance of symbiotic microorganisms in the Homoprera : A comparative study of Acyrthosiphon pisum and Nilaparvata lugens"Entomol. Exp. Appl.. (in press). (2000)

1999 年度 実績報告書

変態における自己・非自己の認識転換と形作りの分子機構

研究代表者

久保 健雄 東京大学, 大学院・薬学系研究科, 助教授 (10201469)

研究成果

[文献書誌] Kamikouchi, A: "Concentrated expression of Ca^<2+>/calmodulin-depemdemt protein kinase II and protein kinase C in the mushroom bodies of the brain of the worker honeybee Apis Mellifera L"J. Comp. Neurol,. 417. 501-510 (2000)

[文献書誌] Ohashi, K.: "Expression of amylase and glucose oxidase in the hypopharyngeal gland of the worker honeybee (Apis mellifera L.)"Eur. J. Biochem.. 265. 127-133 (2000)

[文献書誌] Arai, T: "Identification, characterization and cDNA cloning of two novel proteins secreted into the external space of the regenerating leg of Periplaneta americana"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Miura, T.: "Soldier caste-specific gene expression on the mandibular glands of Hodotermopsis-japonica (Isoptera : Termopsidae)"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 96. 993-1000 (1999)

[文献書誌] Zheng, Z.-B.: "Inhibition effects of 5-S-glutathinyl-β-alanyl-L-dopa analogue against Src protein tyrosine kinase"Chem. Pharm. Bull.. 47. 777-782 (1999)

[文献書誌] Oshima, M.: "Enhanced resistance to bacterial diseases in transgenic tabacco leaf overexpressing sarcotoxin IA, a bactericidal peptide of insect"J. Biochem.. 125. 431-435 (1999)

[文献書誌] Ishikawa, H.: "Chemically-defined diets in studies of the intracellular symbioses of Homopterae with microrganisms"Int. J. Ecol. Environ. Sci.. 25. 267-276 (1999)

[文献書誌] Wilkinson, T. L.: "The assimilation and allocation of neutrients by symbiotic and aposymbiotic pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum"Entomol. Exp. Appl.. 91. 195-201 (1999)

[文献書誌] Kamaki, K.: "Intracellular bacerial symbionts of aphids possess many genomic copies per bacterium"J. Mol. Evol.. 48. 717-722 (1999)

[文献書誌] Sakaki, T.: "Wolbachia infections and cytoplasmic-imcompatibility in the almond moth and the Mediterranear flour moth"Zool. Sci.. 16. 739-744 (1999)

[文献書誌] Maui, S.: "The first detection of the insertion sequence ISW1 in the intracellular reproductive parasite Wolbachia"Plasmid. 42. 13-19 (1999)

[文献書誌] Matsumoto, K.: "Phosphocarrier proteins in an intracellular symbiotic bacterum of aphids"J. Biochem.. 126. 578-583 (1999)

[文献書誌] Kodama, S.: "Wolbachia infection and sytoplasmic incompatibility in the criket, Teleogryllus taiwanemma"J. Exp. Biol.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Masui, S.: "Evolution and distribution of bacteriophage WO in Wolbachia, the endosymbiont causing various sexual alternations in arthroopods"J. Mol. Evol.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Nakabachi, A.: "Polyamine composition and expression of genes related to polyamine biosynthesis in an aphid endosymbiotic bacterium, Bucchnera"Appl. Environ. Microbiol.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Moto, K.: "Gene transfer into insect brain and cell-specific expression of bonbixyin gene"Dev. Genes Evol.. 209. 447-450 (2000)

[文献書誌] Singtipot, T.: "Larval growth and diapause in a tropical moth, Omphisa fuscidentalis Hampson"Zool. Sci.. 16. 725-733 (2000)

[文献書誌] Oda, Y.: "Role of ecdysteroides in the dynamics of insect heamolymph sugar"Zool. Sci.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Theopold, U.: "Insect glycobiology : a lectin multigene family in Drosophila melanogaster"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.. 261. 923-927 (1999)

[文献書誌] Hijikata, M.: "Induction of apoptosis if monocyte-macrophage lineage cells by 5-S-GAD"FEBS Lett.. 457. 405-408 (1999)

[文献書誌] Cho, J. H.: "Activation of human neutorophiles by a synthetic anti-microbial peptide, KLKLLLLLKLK-NH_2, via cell surface calreticulin"Eur. J. Biochem.. 266. 878-885 (1999)

[文献書誌] Matsunami, K.: "Embryonic silk gland development in Bombyx mori : molecular cloning and expression of the Bombyx trachealess gene"Dev. Genes Evol.. 209. 507-514 (1999)

[文献書誌] Satoh, D.: "Prophenolexidase-activationg enzyme of silkworm Bombyx mori : purification, characterization, and cDNA cloning"J. Biol. Chem.. 274. 7441-7453 (1999)

[文献書誌] Ochiai, M.: "A pattern-recognition protein for β-1,3-glucan : the binding domain and the cDNA cloning of β-1,3-glucan recognition protein from the silkworm Bombyx mori"J. Biol. Chem.. 275. 4995-5002 (2000)

[文献書誌] Hongoh, Y.: "Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression in Escherichia coli of the gene encoding a uricase from the yeast-like symbiont of the brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.. 30. 173-182 (2000)

[文献書誌] Sasaki, T.: "Horizontal transfer of Wolbachia in the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella, by embryonic microinjection"Heredity. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Komaki, K.: "Genomic copy number of intracellular bacterial symbionts of aphids varies in reponse to developmantal stages and morph of thier host"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Wilkinson, T. L.: "Injection of amino acids substitutes for bacterial supply in aposymbiotic pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)"Entomol. Exp. Appl.. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Shigenobu, S.: "Mutualism as revealed bythe genome sequence of Buchneara sp. ASP, an endocellular symbiont of aphids"Nature. (in press). (2000)

[文献書誌] Wilkinson, T. L.: "On the functional significance of symbiotic microorganisms in the Homoprera : A comparative study of Acyrthosiphon pisum and Nilaparvata lugens"Entomol. Exp. Appl.. (in press). (2000)

1999 年度実績報告書

久保健雄東京大学, 大学院・薬学系研究科, 助教授 (10201469)