鳥類の性決定分子機構

1998 年度 実績報告書

• 研究課題/領域番号: 10044201
• 研究種目: 国際学術研究
• 応募区分: 共同研究
• 研究機関: 名古屋大学
• 研究代表者: 島田 清司 名古屋大学, 農学部, 教授 (40065579)
• 研究分担者: 小野 珠乙 信州大学, 農学部, 助教授 (10177264) ; 原田 信広 藤田保健衛生大学, 医学部, 教授 (00189705) ; 齋藤 昇 名古屋大学, 農学部, 助手 (40211924) ; 朴 民根 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教授 (00228694) ; 友金 弘 日本獣医畜産大学, 獣医畜産学部, 教授 (30023493)
• キーワード: ニワトリ / in situ hybridization / PCR / アロマターゼ / 抗ミュラー管ホルモン / アンドロジェンレセプター / 性分化 / 生殖腺

研究概要

本研究は、鳥類の性決定や性分化の機構を明らかにすることを目的としている。鶏初期胚の性腺おけるステロイド合成酵素と抗ミューラー管ホルモン(AMH)のmRNA発現の局在性と発現量の推移をin situ hybridizationを用いて調べた。P450_<17α>-hydroxylase(c17)は、雌雄どもに5日から検出され雌では6-7日胚で一時的に増加したがその後減少した。P450aromatase(arom)は、雌では6日から検出されたが、雄では検出されなかった。AMHは、5日から検出され6日から急激に増加したが、雌では6日目から検出ざれたが発現量は低かった。エストラジオールを3日胚に投与すると、雄胚でarom遺伝子が8日から検出された。AMHでは、雄で6日胚で観察されたが、発現量が少なく8日胚では観察出来なかった。以上のように、エストラジオール投与により雄の性腺のAMHが抑制され、aromの発現が誘起された。以上の結果から、性決定に関わる遺伝子は、5日胚以前に重要な役割を演じていることが示された。
ニワトリのアンドロジェンレセプターをPCRを用いて、一部をクローニングし塩基配列を決定した。現在、RT-PCRとin situ hybridizationを用いて、初期胚の性腺での発現を調べている。

研究成果

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