2001 年度実績報告書

小脳プルキンエ細胞のニューロステロイドが導くシナプス形成とシナプス機能発達

研究課題

研究課題/領域番号	13210101
研究機関	広島大学
研究代表者	筒井和義広島大学, 総合科学部, 教授 (20163842)
研究分担者	浮穴和義広島大学, 総合科学部, 助手 (10304370)
キーワード	新規脳分子 / ニューロステロイド / プルキンエ細胞 / 小脳皮質形成 / シナプス形成 / シナプス機能発達 / 神経回路構築 / 運動学習
研究概要	ステロイドの標的器官として捉えられてきた脳が独自にコレステロールをもとにステロイドを合成していることが明らかになった。脳のステロイド合成は、Baulieu等と我々の研究により見いだされた。この新しい脳分子は古典的ステロイドと区別して、ニューロステロイドと名付けられた。ニューロステロイドの作用を解析するには、脳のニューロステロイド合成細胞を明らかにする必要があった。我々は、記憶ニューロンとして知られる小脳のプルキンエ細胞が活発にニューロステロイドを合成することを発見し、ニューロンによるニューロステロイド合成を証明した。ラットのプルキンエ細胞では種々のニューロステロイドが合成されており、ニューロステロイドの作用を解析する優れた細胞モデルとなった。小脳皮質が形成される新生期にはプルキンエ細胞のプロゲステロン合成が高まり、プロゲステロンはプルキンエ細胞の核内にある受容体を介してプルキンエ細胞の樹状突起の伸張とシナプス形成を導くことがわかった。一方、新生期以降プルキンエ細胞が恒常的に合成するプレグネノロン硫酸エステルは神経回路のシナプスでなされる情報伝達を調節することが明らかになった。我々の研究により、脳におけるニューロステロイドの作用に関する理解が著しく進展し、ニューロステロイドが小脳神経回路構築と運動学習に関わる脳分子であることが示された。以上は、この分野の先端的で独創的なものとして、高い国際的評価を得ている。

研究成果

(22件)

すべてその他

すべて文献書誌 (22件)

[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Existence of galanin in lumbosacral sympathetic ganglionic neurons that project to the quail uterine oviduct"Endocrinology. 141. 4402-4412 (2001)
[文献書誌] Robert W. Lea: "Changes in central steroid receptor expression, steroid synthesis related to the reproductive cycle of the ring dove"Micros.Res.Tech.(MRT)[Review Paper]. 55. 12-26 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "Neuronal neurosteroidogenesis in vertebrate brains"Zool Sci. [Review Paper]. 18. 1043-1053 (2001)
[文献書誌] Honoo Satake: "Characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel avian hypothalamic neuropeptide exerting an inhibitory effect of gonadotropin release"Biochemical J.. 354. 379-385 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Ukena: "Distribution of novel RFamide-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in the mouse central nervous system"Neurosci. Lett.. 300. 153-156 (2001)
[文献書誌] Masahiro Matsunaga: "Expression and localization of cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/c17,20 lyase in the avian brain"Brain Res.. 899. 112-122 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Ukena: "Developmental changes in progesterone biosynthesis and metabolism in the quail brain"Brain Res.. 898. 190-194 (2001)
[文献書誌] Takayoshi Ubuka: "Developmental changes in galanin in sympathetic ganglionic neurons innervating the avian uterine oviduct and galanin induction by sex steroids"J. Endocrinol.. 170. 357-368 (2001)
[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Activity and localization of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the zebrafish central nervous system"J. Comp. Neurol.. 439. 291-305 (2001)
[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Effects of progesterone synthesized de novo in the developing Purkinje cell on its dendritic growth abd synaptogenesis"J. Neurosci.. 21. 6221-6232 (2001)
[文献書誌] Aya Koda: "A novel amphibian hypothalamic neuropeptide : isolation, localization and biological activity"Endocrnology. 143. 411-419 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "The Zoological Society Prize : Biosynthesis and biological actions of neurosteroids in the brain"Zool Sci.. 18. 1-2 (2002)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Ukena: "A novel rat hypothalamic RFamide-related peptide identified by immunoaffinity chromatography and mass spectrometry"FEBS Lett.. 512. 255-258 (2002)
[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Dendritic spine formation in response to progesterone synthesized de novo in the developing Purkinje cell in rats"Neurosci. Lett.. (in press). (2002)
[文献書誌] Eiko Iwakoshi: "Isolation and characterization of an octopus gonadotropinreleasing hormone"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.. (in press). (2002)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "Biosynthesis and biological actions of neurosteroids in the avian brain"Avian Poultry Biol Rev. [Review Paper]. (in press). (2002)
[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "In : Perspective in Comparative Endocrinology, Sympathetic ganglionic galanin neurons evoke avian oviposition by innervating the uterus"H. J. Th. Goos et al., Monduzzi Editore, Sorrento, Italy. 7 (2001)
[文献書誌] Eiko Iwakoshi: "In : Perspective in Comparative Endocrinology, Isolation and characterization of a GnRH-like peptide from Octopus vulgaris"H. J. Th. Goos et al., Monduzzi Editore, Sorrento, Italy. 6 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Perspective in Comparative Endocrinology, A novel hypothalamic peptide inhibiting gonadotropin release"H. J. Th. Goos et al., Monduzzi Editore, Sorrento, Italy. 10 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Avian Endocrinology, Ateroidogenesis in the avian brain"A. Dawson and C.M.Chaturvedi, Journal of Endocrinology Ltd. 9 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Neuroral Plasticity, Development and Steroid Hormone Actions, Novel cerebellar function : Neurosteroids in the Purkinje neuron"R.J.Handa et al., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 9 (2001)
[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Recent Advances in Comparative Endocrinology, A novel avian hypothalamic peptide"John Yuh-Lin Yu, Institute od Zoology, Academia Sinica. 8 (2001)

2001 年度 実績報告書

小脳プルキンエ細胞のニューロステロイドが導くシナプス形成とシナプス機能発達

研究代表者

筒井 和義 広島大学, 総合科学部, 教授 (20163842)

研究成果

[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Existence of galanin in lumbosacral sympathetic ganglionic neurons that project to the quail uterine oviduct"Endocrinology. 141. 4402-4412 (2001)

[文献書誌] Robert W. Lea: "Changes in central steroid receptor expression, steroid synthesis related to the reproductive cycle of the ring dove"Micros.Res.Tech.(MRT)[Review Paper]. 55. 12-26 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "Neuronal neurosteroidogenesis in vertebrate brains"Zool Sci. [Review Paper]. 18. 1043-1053 (2001)

[文献書誌] Honoo Satake: "Characterization of a cDNA encoding a novel avian hypothalamic neuropeptide exerting an inhibitory effect of gonadotropin release"Biochemical J.. 354. 379-385 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Ukena: "Distribution of novel RFamide-related peptide-like immunoreactivity in the mouse central nervous system"Neurosci. Lett.. 300. 153-156 (2001)

[文献書誌] Masahiro Matsunaga: "Expression and localization of cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/c17,20 lyase in the avian brain"Brain Res.. 899. 112-122 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Ukena: "Developmental changes in progesterone biosynthesis and metabolism in the quail brain"Brain Res.. 898. 190-194 (2001)

[文献書誌] Takayoshi Ubuka: "Developmental changes in galanin in sympathetic ganglionic neurons innervating the avian uterine oviduct and galanin induction by sex steroids"J. Endocrinol.. 170. 357-368 (2001)

[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Activity and localization of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the zebrafish central nervous system"J. Comp. Neurol.. 439. 291-305 (2001)

[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Effects of progesterone synthesized de novo in the developing Purkinje cell on its dendritic growth abd synaptogenesis"J. Neurosci.. 21. 6221-6232 (2001)

[文献書誌] Aya Koda: "A novel amphibian hypothalamic neuropeptide : isolation, localization and biological activity"Endocrnology. 143. 411-419 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "The Zoological Society Prize : Biosynthesis and biological actions of neurosteroids in the brain"Zool Sci.. 18. 1-2 (2002)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Ukena: "A novel rat hypothalamic RFamide-related peptide identified by immunoaffinity chromatography and mass spectrometry"FEBS Lett.. 512. 255-258 (2002)

[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "Dendritic spine formation in response to progesterone synthesized de novo in the developing Purkinje cell in rats"Neurosci. Lett.. (in press). (2002)

[文献書誌] Eiko Iwakoshi: "Isolation and characterization of an octopus gonadotropinreleasing hormone"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.. (in press). (2002)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "Biosynthesis and biological actions of neurosteroids in the avian brain"Avian Poultry Biol Rev. [Review Paper]. (in press). (2002)

[文献書誌] Hirotaka Sakamoto: "In : Perspective in Comparative Endocrinology, Sympathetic ganglionic galanin neurons evoke avian oviposition by innervating the uterus"H. J. Th. Goos et al., Monduzzi Editore, Sorrento, Italy. 7 (2001)

[文献書誌] Eiko Iwakoshi: "In : Perspective in Comparative Endocrinology, Isolation and characterization of a GnRH-like peptide from Octopus vulgaris"H. J. Th. Goos et al., Monduzzi Editore, Sorrento, Italy. 6 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Perspective in Comparative Endocrinology, A novel hypothalamic peptide inhibiting gonadotropin release"H. J. Th. Goos et al., Monduzzi Editore, Sorrento, Italy. 10 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Avian Endocrinology, Ateroidogenesis in the avian brain"A. Dawson and C.M.Chaturvedi, Journal of Endocrinology Ltd. 9 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Neuroral Plasticity, Development and Steroid Hormone Actions, Novel cerebellar function : Neurosteroids in the Purkinje neuron"R.J.Handa et al., CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida. 9 (2001)

[文献書誌] Kazuyoshi Tsutsui: "In : Recent Advances in Comparative Endocrinology, A novel avian hypothalamic peptide"John Yuh-Lin Yu, Institute od Zoology, Academia Sinica. 8 (2001)

2001 年度実績報告書

筒井和義広島大学, 総合科学部, 教授 (20163842)