| 研究課題/領域番号 |
21K14249
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| 研究機関 | 東京工業大学 |
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研究代表者 |
バルケズ アルビンCG 東京工業大学, 環境・社会理工学院, 准教授 (30754783)
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| 研究期間 (年度) |
2021-04-01 – 2025-03-31
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| キーワード | Global urban climatology / Urban Climate / GIS Database / GIS dataset construction |
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| 研究実績の概要 |
In the end of fiscal year 2022, we were able to reach acceptance stage of two international publications of high impact (please refer to T2R2) (officially accepted in fiscal year 2023). The papers focused on the improvement of urbanization modelling to consider railway-induced urban growth and investigation of combined urbanization and global climate-change influence to warming in large megacities (23). A domestic paper was also accepted where we looked at trends of thermal comfort (UTCI) across the Japan, as evaluated from historical meteorological observations. We have also presented these and an additional finding related to anthropogenic-heat-induced warming in a regional climate in international conferences such as the Asia Oceania Geosciences Society (AOGS) 19th annual meeting, the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting 2022, and the 2nd International Conference on Tropical Meteorology and Atmospheric Science. The conferences served as an avenue to promote our works and provide better foresight in continual research. The PI was also invited to give a keynote talk on the topic of "Global Urban Climatology" during the 2nd International Seminar on Earth Sciences and Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
We have also succeeded in incorporating our global anthropogenic heat flux (AH4GUC), that is publicly available, into the widely used CESM2 (NCAR). With an undergraduate student, we found that the effect of AH4GUC on the modelled air temperature is significant globally. We verified that the intensity of effect matches that of the default set-up that utilizes air-conditioning.
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| 現在までの達成度 (区分) |
現在までの達成度 (区分)
2: おおむね順調に進展している
理由
We have reported last year that we expected a delay in publishing our result due to COVID-19. Considering that, the project is going smoothly as expected with one domestic paper published and two international papers receiving acceptance status towards the end of March 2022. We are advancing the research steadily with no critical issues in the methodology. Due to the highly advanced modelling approach (considering detailed urbanization in present and future climate), it was initially difficult to conceptualize a feasible strategy to meet the objective. Fortunately, with the help of the enthusiastic lab students (and in their education) and collaborators, the project was able to keep up with the required development and implementation of the models. Collaborations have also been established post-pandemic, which helped promote to keep the project back on schedule.
The global climate models scenarios and outputs were also increased. This will enable the project to advance with the downscaling model. Downscaling will provide finer detail of climate within and surrounding the cities. Given our previous experience in downscaling, we expect that at this timing, we can produce more climate projections centering in cities at a faster rate. The knowledge advanced from the downscaling models, if published, will mark the successful implementation of the project (which we hope to achieve by this year).
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| 今後の研究の推進方策 |
We will continue with downscaling the climate model utilizing outputs of three groups of global climate models: the earth system model we ran with Tsubame (CESM2), the reanalyses models for present-case modeling, and future climate model with CMIP6. The first model (CESM2) will be used to assess a background climate that is influenced (or not influenced) by the global release of anthropogenic heat. The second model will be used to assess past vs present urban climate conditions. The third model is necessary to update our previous assessment that utilized the CMIP5 climate scenarios. Last year, CMIP6 global models have become widely used and may be downscaled. We are also presenting various topics in the upcoming International Conference on Urban Climate.
Furthermore, It is necessary to assess various adaptation/mitigation strategies to suggest simple and efficient solutions. With a doctoral student, the project will look into adaptation strategies to future climate warming in multiple cities that are expected to experience heat wave conditions. The student will assess solutions that will not require much energy to produce. We have also started collaborations with a lab (Dr. Ihara, University of Tokyo) who will use our model outputs to evaluate the energy that will be used for cooling under heat-wave conditions.
We have also began involving students of computer science backgrounds to apply machine-learning/deep-learning models to more recent satellite data. The purpose is to improve urban parameterization in weather models and detection of vulnerable areas (e.g. slums).
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| 次年度使用額が生じた理由 |
The International Conference on Urban Climate has been postponed to the year 2023. The fund used for the conference, which was originally set to the year 2021 or 2022, has been adjusted to that time frame due to the COVID-19. Careful inspection of the global climate model (CESM2) output was necessary and further improvement in its dataset was extensively conducted in fiscal year 2022. This limits the usage of the fund for the university supercomputer (e.g. Tsubame) usage. An external fund for running the model and evaluating the outputs within Tsubame were also available from the previous year.
This year, more simulations, with the help of incoming students, will be conducted in the regional climate model (e.g. downscaling). Furthermore, analyses and local storing of data will be conducted within this fiscal year. Hence, a workstation and storage devices (e.g. NAS) will also be purchased. Finally, open-access publications are also being considered to boost the promotion of the project. Within the year, participation in conferences that consider machine-learning-detection and adaptation of cities are also explored.
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