Imaging habitable zone planets with Subaru Telescope and TMT

2016 年度 実績報告書

• 研究課題/領域番号: 26220704
• 研究機関: 国立天文台
• 研究代表者: Guyon Olivier 国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, RCUH職員 (90399288)
• 研究分担者: 村上 尚史 北海道大学, 工学研究院, 助教 (80450188)
• 研究期間 (年度): 2014-05-30 – 2019-03-31
• キーワード: Exoplanets / Optics / Telescope / Adaptive Optics / Camera

研究実績の概要

The purpose of the research is to develop on the Subaru Telescope a high contrast imaging system capable of taking images of Jupiter-like planets in reflected light.
A key part of the activity is to develop and install on the Subaru Extreme Adaptive Optics (SCExAO) system a new high-performance camera that can detect individual photons and measure their wavelength. The camera uses the Micro-Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) technology at near-infrared wavelength, and will measure residual errors in the optical system at least 1000 times per second, so that they can be corrected.
A second goal is to plan the SCExAO system to evolve toward an instrument capable of imaging and characterizing habitable exoplanets on the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). Adaptive optics (correction of optical aberration introduced by the atmosphere) and coronagraphy (optics to mask starlight and preserve planet light) technologies are developed as part of our effort to enable high contrast imaging.

現在までの達成度 (区分)

2: おおむね順調に進展している

理由

We have not encountered any major problem in the development of the new camera or the development of new high contrast imaging techniques. Our initial plan　included the delivery of the camera in this fiscal year. We have delayed the camera delivery by a few month, to summer 2017 to allow for more testing, and to concentrate our efforts at Subaru Telescope for the on-sky operation. In other areas of the project (development of techniques for exoplanet imaging, concepts for TMT instrument), we have made very significant progress and completed more work than originally planed:(1) We will use the IRD spectrograph, for high resolution spectroscopy of　exoplanets,(2) The coronagraph design has advanced and we have solved the chromaticity limitation, (3) We have developed an algorithm to predict atmospheric turbulence in real-time.

今後の研究の推進方策

To achieve our research goals, we need to control and correct aberrations introduced by the atmosphere. To do so, a high speed high sensitivity camera will be installed on the Subaru Telescope to measure aberrations faster than 1 kHz. The new camera (MKIDs) will be completed in FY2017, and will be tested and delivered in summer 2017. It will then be combined with the existing SCExAO instrument on the Subaru Telescope. This should proceed quickly, as we have already completed the re-build of SCExAO to be compatible with the MKIDs camera. Our team will then perform system testing with the SCExAO artificial source to validate system functions. On-sky observations with the MKIDs camera will start in fall 2017.
We will continue development of advanced coronagraph and wavefront control techniques. The MKIDs camera will become a key element of the SCExAO instrument wavefront control architecture, and will deliver deeper contrast for exoplanet imaging. Science observations will start during FY2017.

During FY2017, our research team will also design the major features of the instrument for TMT, using experience learned from work on the Subaru Telescope.

研究成果

• [国際共同研究] UC Santa Barbara, Dept. of Physics(米国)
  • 国名: 米国
  • 外国機関名: UC Santa Barbara, Dept. of Physics
• [雑誌論文] Subaru/SCExAO First-Light Direct Imaging of a Young Debris Disk around HD 36546 (2017)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Currie,T.; Guyon, O.; Tamura, M.; Kudo, T.; Jovanovic, N.; Lozi, J.; Schlieder, J.; Brandt, T.; Kuhn, J.; Serabyn, E.; Janson, M.; Carson, J.; Kasdin,J.; Groff, T.; McElwain, M.; Singh, G.; Uyama, T.; Kuzuhara, M.; Akiyama, E.; Grady, C.; Hayashi, S.; Knapp, G.; Kwon, J.; Oh, D.; Wisniewski, J.; Sitko, M.; Yang,Y.
  • 雑誌名: The Astrophysical Journal Letters 巻: 836 ページ: L15, 6 pp.
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/836/1/L15
  • 査読あり / オープンアクセス / 国際共著
• [雑誌論文] SCExAO and GPI Y JHBand Photometry and Integral Field Spectroscopy of the Young Brown Dwarf Companion to HD 1160 (2017)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Garcia, E. V.; Currie, T.; Guyon, O.; Stassun, K. G.; Jovanovic, N.; Lozi, J.; Kudo, T.; Doughty, D.; Schlieder, J.; Kwon, J.; Uyama, T.; Kuzuhara, M.; Carson, J. C.; Nakagawa, T.; Hashimoto, J.
  • 雑誌名: The Astrophysical Journal 巻: 834 ページ: art 162, 14 pp.
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/834/2/162
  • 査読あり / オープンアクセス / 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] A High-precision Technique to Correct for Residual Atmospheric Dispersion in High-contrast Imaging Systems (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Pathak, P.; Guyon, O.; Jovanovic, N.; Lozi, J.; Martinache, F.; Minowa, Y.; Kudo, T.; Takami, H.; Hayano, Y.; Narita, N.
  • 雑誌名: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Pacific 巻: 970 ページ: 9pp.
  • DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/128/970/124404
  • 査読あり / オープンアクセス / 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Enhancing Stellar Spectroscopy with Extreme Adaptive Optics and Photonics (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Jovanovic, N.; Schwab, C.; Cvetojevic, N.; Guyon, O.; Martinache, F.
  • 雑誌名: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Pacific 巻: 970 ページ: 9pp.
  • DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/128/970/121001
  • 査読あり / オープンアクセス / 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Closed-loop focal plane wavefront control with the SCExAO instrument (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Martinache, Frantz; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Guyon, Olivier
  • 雑誌名: Astronomy & Astrophysics 巻: 593 ページ: 8pp.
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201628496
  • 査読あり / 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Precision single mode fibre integral field spectroscopy with the RHEA spectrograph (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Rains, Adam D.; Ireland, Michael J.; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Feger, Tobias; Bento, Joao; Schwab, Christian; Coutts, David W.; Guyon, Olivier; Arriola, Alexander; Gross, Simon
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9908 ページ: 12pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2233743
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Efficiently feeding single-mode fiber photonic spectrographs with an extreme adaptive optics system: on-sky characterization and preliminary spectroscopy (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Jovanovic, N.; Cvetojevic, N.; Schwab, C.; Norris, B.; Lozi, J.; Gross, S.; Betters, C.; Singh, G.; Guyon, O.; Martinache, F.; Doughty, D.; Tuthill, P.
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9908 ページ: 10pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2234299
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Laboratory testing and performance verification of the CHARIS integral field spectrograph (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Groff, Tyler D.; Chilcote, Jeffrey; Kasdin, N. Jeremy; Galvin, Michael; Loomis, Craig; Carr, Michael A.; Brandt, Timothy; Knapp, Gillian; Limbach, Mary Anne; Guyon, Olivier; Jovanovic, Nemanja; McElwain, Michael W.; Takato, Naruhisa; Hayashi, Masahiko
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9908 ページ: 10pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2233447
  • 国際共著
• [雑誌論文] Adaptive optics fed single-mode spectrograph for high-precision Doppler measurements in the near-infrared (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Schwab, C.; Jovanovic, N.; Feger, T.; Bakovic, M.; Gurevich, Y. V.; Apodaca, R.; Vanzi, L.; Rukdee, S.; Lawrence, J. S.; Coutts, D. W.; Cvetojevic, N.; Mahadevan, S.; Halverson, S. P.; Guyon, O.
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9912 ページ: 7pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2234407
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Development of PIAA Complex Mask Coronagraphs for large aperture ground-based telescopes (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Newman, Kevin; Sirbu, Dan; Belikov, Ruslan; Guyon, Olivier
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9912 ページ: 8pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2232164
  • 国際共著
• [雑誌論文] PSF calibration using the Lyot-based low order wavefront sensor telemetry: first simulations (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Singh, Garima; Lozi, Julien; Choquet, Elodie; Serabyn, Eugene; Guyon, Olivier
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9908 ページ: 99097K 10pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2231244
  • 国際共著
• [雑誌論文] First on-sky closed loop measurement and correction of atmospheric dispersion (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Pathak, Prashant; Guyon, Olivier; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Lozi, Julien; Martinache, F.; Minowa, Y.; Kudo, T.; Takami, H.; Hayano, Y.; Narita, N.
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9909 ページ: 990956 11pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2234094
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Subaru Coronagraphic eXtreme Adaptive Optics: on-sky performance of the asymmetric pupil Fourier wavefront sensor (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Martinache, Frantz; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Guyon, Olivier
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9909 ページ: 990954 5pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2233475
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Evolutionary timescales of AO-produced speckles at NIR wavelengths (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Goebel, Sean B.; Guyon, Olivier; Hall, Donald N. B.; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Atkinson, Dani E.
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9909 ページ: 990918 9pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2231926
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] The SCExAO high contrast imager: transitioning from commissioning to science (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Jovanovic, N.; Guyon, O.; Lozi, J.; Currie, T.; Hagelberg, J.; Norris, B.; Singh, G.; Pathak, P.; Doughty, D.; Goebel, S.; Males, J.; Kuhn, J.; Serabyn, E.; Tuthill, P.
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9909 ページ: 99090W 11pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2234294
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Characterizing and mitigating vibrations for SCExAO (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Lozi, Julien; Guyon, Olivier; Jovanovic, Nemanja; Singh, Garima; Goebel, Sean; Norris, Barnaby; Okita, Hirofumi
  • 雑誌名: Proceedings of the SPIE 巻: 9909 ページ: 99090J 13pp.
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2233040
  • 国際共著 / 謝辞記載あり
• [雑誌論文] Focal Plane Phase Masks for PIAA: Design and Manufacturing (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Newman, K.; Conway, J.; Belikov, R.; Guyon, O.
  • 雑誌名: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Pacific 巻: 963 ページ: 055003
  • DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/128/963/055003
  • 査読あり / 国際共著
• [学会発表] Application of multicore optical fibers in astronomy (2017)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Nemanja Jovanovic
  • 学会等名: The Optical Networking and Communication Conference & Exhibition
  • 発表場所: San Diego, CA, USA
  • 年月日: 2017-03-11 – 2017-03-15
  • 国際学会 / 招待講演
• [学会発表] Directly Imaging Planets with SCExAO: First Results (2017)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Thayne Currie
  • 学会等名: American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #229
  • 発表場所: Grapevine, Texas, USA
  • 年月日: 2017-01-03 – 2017-01-07
  • 国際学会
• [学会発表] On-Sky Performance Verification of the CHARIS IFS (2017)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Tyler Groff
  • 学会等名: American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #229
  • 発表場所: Grapevine, Texas, USA
  • 年月日: 2017-01-03 – 2017-01-07
• [学会発表] Direct imaging and spectroscopy of nearby habitable planets with ground-based Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Olivier Guyon
  • 学会等名: UC Santa Barbara Colloquium
  • 発表場所: Santa Barbara, CA, USA
  • 年月日: 2016-11-02 – 2016-11-02
  • 招待講演
• [学会発表] The Search for Life around Nearby Stars: from Remote Sensing to Interstellar Travel (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Olivier Guyon
  • 学会等名: Optical Sciences Colloquium
  • 発表場所: Tucson, AZ, USA
  • 年月日: 2016-09-29
  • 招待講演
• [学会発表] Imaging and Characterization of Rocky Planets in the Habitable Zones of Nearby Stars with ELTs (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Olivier Guyon
  • 学会等名: Fourth Annual GMT Community Science Meeting
  • 発表場所: Asilomar, CA, USA
  • 年月日: 2016-09-26 – 2016-09-28
  • 招待講演
• [学会発表] Where are our Closest Neighbours? Looking for Life on Nearby Exoplanets (2016)
  • 著者名/発表者名: Olivier Guyon
  • 学会等名: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
  • 発表場所: San Jose, CA, USA
  • 年月日: 2016-06-05 – 2016-06-10
  • 招待講演
• [備考] Subaru telescope Extreme Adaptive Optics
  • URL: https://www.naoj.org/Projects/SCEXAO/
• [備考] Mazin Lab
  • URL: http://web.physics.ucsb.edu/~bmazin/Mazin_Lab/Welcome.html