Construction of "TAIGA" model and planning of research cruises

2013 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project Area: Project TAIGA: Trans-crustal Advection and In-situ biogeochemical processes of Global sub-seafloor Aquifer
• Project/Area Number: 20109001
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Review Section: Science and Engineering
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: URABE Tetsuro 東京大学, 理学(系)研究科(研究院), 客員共同研究員 (50107687)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): OKINO Kyoko 東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 准教授 (30313191) ; SUNAMURA Michinari 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科, 助教 (90360867) ; ISHIBASHI Jun-ichiro 九州大学, 理学府, 准教授 (20212920) ; TAKAI Ken 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構, 極限環境生物圏研究センター, プログラムディレクター (80359166) ; SUZUKI Katsuhiko 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構, 地球内部変動研究センター, グループリーダー (70251329)
• Project Period (FY): 2008-11-13 – 2014-03-31
• Keywords: 海底下の大河 / 海底熱水活動 / 地下・海底下生物圏 / 化学合成熱水生態系 / 掘削 / 物質循環 / 生命の起源 / 海底資源

Research Abstract

It was estimated that extensive advection systems exist beneath the deep-seafloor which may be responsible for controlling both the ocean chemistry and the subsurface biosphere through interaction with solid earth. In this study, we proposed a hypothesis that such sub-seafloor aquifers can be categorized into four types (four TAIGA hypothesis) based on their chemistry which is controlled by the difference in the geological background. We proved the hypothesis through 33 research cruises which were conducted by multi-disciplinal approach among geophysics, geochemistry, biology, and geology, in combination with related modeling. It is proven that the microbial communities and their characteristic metabolism are controlled and constrained by the chemistry of these four TAIGAs.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Metabolically active microbial communities in marine sediment under high-CO2 and low-pH extremes (2013)
  • Author(s): Yanagawa K, Morono Y, de Beer D, Haeckel M, Sunamura M, Futagami T, Hoshino T, Terada T, Nakamura K, Urabe T, Rehder G, Boetius A, Inagaki F
  • Journal Title: ISME J Volume: 7 Pages: 555-567
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Discovery of a new hydrothermal vent site in the Southern Mariana Trough based on geophysical surveys using the AUV Urashima (2013)
  • Author(s): Nakamura, K., Toki, T., Mochizuki, N., Asada, M., Ishibashi, J., Nogi, Y., Yoshikawa, S., and Okino, K
  • Journal Title: Deep-Sea Research Part I Volume: 74 Pages: 1-10
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] U-Th radioactive disequilibrium and ESR dating of a barite-containing sulfide crust from South Mariana Trough (2012)
  • Author(s): Takamasa, A., S. Nakai, F. Sato, S. Toyoda, D. Banerjee, J. Ishibashi
  • Journal Title: Quaternary Geochronology Volume: 15 Pages: 38-46
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2012.12.002
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] IODP Expedition 331 finds enormous hydrothermally altered lithostratigraphy comparable to typical Kuroko deposits and chemically stratified hydrothermal fluid reservoir, and points to possible existence of functionally active microbial communities beneath the Iheya North hydrothermal system, the Okinawa Trough (2012)
  • Author(s): Takai, K., Mottl, M. J., Nielson, S. H. H., and the IODP Expedition 331 Scientists
  • Journal Title: Scientific Drilling Volume: 13 Pages: 19-27
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The alpha effectiveness of the dating ESR signal in barite (2012)
  • Author(s): Toyoda, S., F. Sato, H. Nishido, M. Kayama, J. Ishibashi
  • Journal Title: Radiation Measurements Volume: 47 Pages: 900-902
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2012.04.016
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Geochemical origin of hydrothermal fluid methane in sediment-associated fields and its relevance with the geographical distribution of whole hydrothermal circulation (2012)
  • Author(s): Kawagucci, S., Ueno, Y., Takai, K., Toki, T., Ito, M., Inoue, K., Makabe, A., Yoshida, N., Muramatsu, Y., Takahata, N., Sano, Y., Narita, T., Teranishi, G., Obata, H., Nakagawa, S., Nunoura, T., and Gamo, T
  • Journal Title: Chem. Geol
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.05.003.
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Geomorphological variations at hydrothermal sites in the southern Mariana Trough: Relationship between hydrothermal activity and topographic characteristics (2012)
  • Author(s): Yoshikawa S., K. Okino and M. Asada
  • Journal Title: Marine Geology Pages: 303-306, 172-182
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Hydrothermal fluid flow system around the Iheya North Knoll in the mid-Okinawa Trough based on seismic reflection data (2012)
  • Author(s): Tsuji, T., Takai, K., Oiwane, H., Nakamura, Y., Masaki, Y., Kumagai, H., Kinoshita, K., Yamamoto, F., Okano, T., and Kuramoto, S
  • Journal Title: J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res Volume: 213 Pages: 41-50
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2011.11.007
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Archaeal Diversity and Community Development in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents (2011)
  • Author(s): Takai, K., and Nakamura, K
  • Journal Title: Curr. Opinion Microbiol Volume: 14 Pages: 282-291
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The role of seamounts in the transport of heat and fluids: relations among seamount size, circulation patterns, and crustal heat flow (2011)
  • Author(s): Kawada, Y., N. Seama, and T. Urabe
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume: 306 Pages: 55-65
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 深海熱水環境における非生物的な炭化水素合成:熱水実験による制約 (2010)
  • Author(s): 鈴木 勝彦, 吉崎 もと子
  • Journal Title: 地球化学 Volume: 44 Pages: 115-125
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Isotopic variation of molecular hydrogen in 20 º-375 ºC hydrothermal fluids as detected by a new analytical method (2010)
  • Author(s): Kawagucci, S., Toki, T., Ishibashi, J., Takai, K., Ito, M., Oomori, T., and Gamo, T
  • Journal Title: J. Geophys. Res Volume: 115 Pages: G03021
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Compositional, physiological and metabolic variability in microbial communities associated with geochemically diverse, deep-sea hydrothermal vent fluids (2010)
  • Author(s): Takai, K., and Nakamura, K
  • Journal Title: Geomicrobiology: Molecular & Environmental Perspective Pages: 251-283
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Serpentinizedtroctolites exposed near the Kairei Hydrothermal Field, Central Indian Ridge: Insights into the origin of the Kairei hydrothermal fluid supporting a unique microbial ecosystem (2009)
  • Author(s): K.Nakamura, T.Morishita, W.Bach, F.Klein, K.Hara, K.Okino, K.Takai, H.Kumagai
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Volume: 280 Pages: 128-136
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Magnetic structure of an oceanic core complex at the Southernmost Central Indian Ridge: Analysis of shipboard and deep-sea three-component magnetometer data (2009)
  • Author(s): T.Sato, K.Okino, H.Kumagai
  • Journal Title: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems Volume: 10
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 熱水活動が海洋環境と深海生態系にもたらす影響 (2009)
  • Author(s): 砂村倫成、野口拓郎、山本啓之、岡村慶
  • Journal Title: 地学雑誌 Volume: 118 Pages: 1160-1173
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 地球化学的手法による熱水活動変遷の解析 (2009)
  • Author(s): 石橋純一郎, 中井俊一, 豊田新, 熊谷英憲, 野口拓郎, 石塚治
  • Journal Title: 地学雑誌 Volume: vol. 118, No. 6 Pages: 1186-1204
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Abundance of Zetaproteobacteria within crustal fluids in back-arc hydrothermal fields of the Southern Mariana Trough (2009)
  • Author(s): Kato, S., Yanagawa, K., Sunamura, M., Takano, Y., Ishibashi, J., Kakegawa, T., Utsumi, M., Yamanaka, T., Toki, T., Noguchi, T., Kobayashi, K., Moroi, A., Kimura, H., Kawarabayashi, Y., Marumo, K., Urabe, T., and Yamagishi, A
  • Journal Title: Environ. Microbiol Volume: 67 Pages: 351-370
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 海底下の大河-海洋地殻内熱水循環の多様性と生物地球化学プロセス- (2009)
  • Author(s): 浦辺徹郎、沖野郷子、砂村倫成、石橋純一郎、高井研、鈴木勝彦
  • Journal Title: 地学雑誌 Volume: 118 Pages: 1027-1036
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] H_2 generation by experimental hydrothermal alteration of komatiitic glass at 300 °C and 500 bars (2009)
  • Author(s): Yoshizaki, M., Shibuya, T., Suzuki, K., Shimizu, K., Nakamura, K., Takai, K., Maruyama, S
  • Journal Title: Geochem. J Volume: 43 Pages: e17-e22
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Geophysical mapping along the Central Indian ridge: summary of past Japanese cruises (2012)
  • Author(s): Okiino, K
  • Organizer: The First Korea-Japan Marine Gepsciences Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: ソウル(韓国)
  • Year and Date: 20120416-17
• [Presentation] Chemical characteristics of magma and related seafloor sulfide deposits on back-arc spreading center and off-ridge volcanoes in Southern Mariana Trough (2012)
  • Author(s): Urabe, T., S. Kanamori, J. Ishibashi, H. Sato, S. Kato, ,and S. Toyoda
  • Organizer: AGU Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: SanFrancisco, USA
  • Year and Date: 2012-12-04
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Microbiological production and ecological flux of northwestern subduction hydrothermal systems (2012)
  • Author(s): Sunamura, M., Okamura, K., Noguchi, T., Yamamoto, H., Fukuba, T., & Yanagawa, Sunamura, M., Okamura, K., Noguchi, T., Yamamoto, H., Fukuba, T., & Yanagawa, Sunamura, M., Okamura, K., Noguchi, T., Yamamoto, H., Fukuba, T., & Yanagawa, K
  • Organizer: American Geophysical Union 2012 Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: SanFrancisco, USA
  • Year and Date: 2012-12-04
• [Presentation] Post-drilling hydrothermal vent and associated biological activities seen through artificial hydrothermal vents in the Iheya North field, Okinawa Trough (2012)
  • Author(s): Takai, K., Kawagucci, S., Miyazaki, J., Watsuji, T., Ishibashi, J., Yamamoto, H., Nozaki, T., Kashiwabara, T., Shibuya, T
  • Organizer: 2012 American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: SanFrancisco, USA
  • Year and Date: 2012-12-04
• [Presentation] Occurrence of sulfides accompanied by abundant clay minerals revealed by shallow drilling in an active seafloor hydrothermal field in the Okinawa Trough, back-arc basin (2012)
  • Author(s): Ishibashi J., et al.
  • Organizer: 34th International Geological Congress
  • Place of Presentation: Brisbane (Australia)
  • Year and Date: 2012-08-06
• [Presentation] Exploration of limits of life and unseen microbial potentials in the Deep Biosphere (2012)
  • Author(s): Takai, K
  • Organizer: 34th International Geological Congress (IGC)
  • Place of Presentation: Brisbane (Australia)
  • Year and Date: 2012-08-06
• [Presentation] Oceanic detachments: implication for spatial and temporal variation of melt supply (2011)
  • Author(s): Okino, K
  • Organizer: Workshop: Ocean Mantle Dynamics: from Spreading Center to Subduction Zone
  • Place of Presentation: 東京大学柏キャンパス
  • Year and Date: 20111003-06
  • Invited
• [Book] アストロバイオロジー (山岸明彦編) (2013)
  • Author(s): 高井研 (共著)
  • Total Pages: 200-211 (141)
  • Publisher: 化学同人
• [Book] 海底鉱物資源の産業利用」(飯笹幸吉編) (2013)
  • Author(s): 小島茂明、岡村慶、砂村倫成 (共著)
  • Total Pages: 17-29, 41-45, (237)
  • Publisher: シーエムシー出版
• [Book] 生命はなぜ生まれたのか-地球生物の起源の謎に迫る- (2011)
  • Author(s): 高井研
  • Total Pages: 241
  • Publisher: 幻冬舎
• [Book] Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems
  • Author(s): Ishibashi J., Okino K., Sunamura M. eds
  • Total Pages: 460
  • Publisher: Springer (印刷中)
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www-gbs.eps.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~taiga/Home.html
• [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] レアアースの回収方法 (2012)
  • Inventor(s): 高橋嘉夫、宮地亜沙美、近藤和博
  • Industrial Property Rights Holder: 国立大学法人広島大学、アイシン精機株式会社
  • Industrial Property Rights Type: 特許
  • Industrial Property Number: 特願 2012-085321
  • Filing Date: 2012-04-04
• [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 海底熱水鉱物資源の回収方法及び回収システム (2012)
  • Inventor(s): 高井研他13名
  • Industrial Property Rights Holder: 高井研他13名
  • Industrial Property Rights Type: 特許
  • Industrial Property Number: 特願2012-026705
  • Filing Date: 2012-01-27
  • Overseas