2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regulation of membrane dynamics by glycan chemical knock-in

Administrative Group

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Project Area	Regulation of membrane dynamics by glycan chemical knock-in
Project/Area Number	21H05073
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Review Section	Transformative Research Areas, Section (II)
Research Institution	National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
Principal Investigator	Oisaki Kounosuke 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 材料・化学領域, 研究チーム長 (00583999)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	堀雄一郎九州大学, 理学研究院, 教授 (00444563) 真鍋良幸大阪大学, 大学院理学研究科, 助教 (00632093) 浅野圭佑北海道大学, 触媒科学研究所, 准教授 (90711771) 上田善弘国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 材料・化学領域, 主任研究員 (90751959)
Project Period (FY)	2021-08-23 – 2024-03-31
Keywords	生体適合化学 / 膜タンパク質 / 糖鎖 / 生体共役反応 / 膜動態 / エクソソーム
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Cell-surface glycans are involved in membrane dynamics of biomolecules related to various functions of life, such as endocytosis, migration to rafts, and extracellular vesicle (EV) uptake. Glycans connected to membrane proteins play a central role in membrane dynamics. We hypothesized that the regulation of membrane protein dynamics by glycans may lead to new artificial methods for analysis and regulation of biological functions. We have developed technologies based on the integration of biocompatible chemistry and biological research, such as synthesis of homogeneous glycoproteins and developing a chemical labeling method to precisely track the dynamics and interactions of membrane glycoproteins. We have also persued "glycan chemical knock-in" as an innovative methodology to control the membrane dynamics of glycoproteins depending on the glycan structure, in which artificial glycans are modified on membrane proteins using biocompatible chemical reactions.
Free Research Field	生体関連化学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	糖タンパク質膜動態の高精度な理解を進め、人為制御法へと導いていく。これにより新たな薬物送達系の創出や、生体適合化学反応（速度論的化学摂動）による新たな生命操作法の創出が期待できる。基礎科学的知見を基に、化学・生命科学の学術変革と新たな研究領域の創成に繋げ、新しい視点からの生物製剤DDSの創出や反応化学的摂動による新たな生命操作法の応用展開も期待される。