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2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Regulatory mechanism of intracellular temperature sensing and energy metabolism

Planned Research

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Project AreaIntegrative understanding of biological phenomena with temperature as a key theme
Project/Area Number 15H05930
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

UMEDA Masato  京都大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (10185069)

Project Period (FY) 2015-06-29 – 2020-03-31
Keywords生理学 / 酵素 / 脂質 / 発現制御 / 昆虫
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The temperature inside single cells directly influences a broad range of biological processes and cellular functions. However, it remains unclear whether cells autonomously regulate their intracellular temperature against changes in the extracellular temperature. We measured the temperature intracellular temperature using two mechanistically independent intracellular thermometers. We found that the intracellular temperature is increased by about 3.0℃ in a manner dependent on Δ9-fatty acid desaturase DESAT1. The DESAT1-mediated increase of intracellular temperature was caused by the enhancement of F1Fo-ATPase-dependent mitochondrial respiration in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Cold exposure of S2 cells caused the enhanced production of unsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids in a DESAT1-dependent manner followed by the activation of mitochondrial respiration that is coupled with mitochondrial thermogenesis.

Free Research Field

生化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

現在、地球温暖化に伴う生物種の大量絶滅、生息域の変化、感染症の拡大への対処が焦眉の課題として問われている。従来、環境温の変化が生命活動にいかなる影響を及ぼすかについての学術領域は、主に生態学や動物行動学をはじめとするマクロ生物学を軸として進められている。一方、現代の分子生物学の発展により生命活動を分子レベルで理解する基礎が築かれてきているが、生命活動に及ぼす温度の影響を分子レベルで体系的に理解する試みは未だわずかである。本研究では、細胞にも、動物と同様に、環境温の変動に応じて自律的に細胞内温度を制御する仕組みが存在すること、さらにその分子機構の一端を明らかにした点にその学術的意義がある。

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Published: 2021-02-19  

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