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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of bacterium fusion device to control multi molecular crowding environment in cytosol

Planned Research

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Project AreaChemical Approaches for Miscellaneous / Crowding Live Systems
Project/Area Number 17H06355
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Science and Engineering
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Tabata Kazuhito  東京大学, 大学院工学系研究科(工学部), 准教授 (50403001)

Project Period (FY) 2017-06-30 – 2022-03-31
Keywordsマイクロチャンバー / オスモライト / micro-TAS
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In order to investigate the effect of intracellular multimolecular crowding environment on biological functions, we developed devices to construct and control artificial multimolecular crowding environment. First, we prepared a device in which E. coli was fused into a microchamber to control the intracellular multimolecular crowding environment, and examined its transcriptional and translational activities against the degree of cytoplasmic dilution, but no correlation was found between them. An artificial multimolecular crowding environment was subsequently prepared by osmolyte molecules and correlated with the activity of the in vitro transcription-translation system, and the effect was observed for several proteins. We also developed a system that enables continuous solution exchange in a microchamber device, and succeeded in developing a system that changes osmolarity by changing the solution in and out of the chamber.

Free Research Field

生物物理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで細胞内夾雑環境に関する研究はたくさんの細胞を対象としたバルクでの研究が多く、全体の平均としての結果しかわからなかった。今回、1細胞を対象に研究を進めたところ、それぞれ異なる反応を示し、分布を形成していることがわかった。また、細胞内に大量に存在する低分子オスモライトが、タンパク質の転写翻訳に影響を与えていることもわかった。さらには、細胞内夾雑環境を積極的に制御するための手法として、浸透圧を利用し、融合細胞のサイズを変える方法も開発している。これらの成果は細胞内夾雑環境と生命活動が密接に関わっていることを示唆しており、今後の研究につながる成果となっている。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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