地殻流体の形態と物性

2009 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project Area: Geofluids: Nature and dynamics of fluids in subduction zones
• Project/Area Number: 21109005
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Research in a proposed research area)
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: 中村 美千彦 Tohoku University, 大学院・理学研究科, 准教授 (70260528)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 渡辺 了 富山大学, 理学研究部, 准教授 (30262497) ; 武井 康子 東京大学, 地震研究所, 准教授 (30323653) ; 平賀 岳彦 東京大学, 地震研究所, 助教 (10444077) ; 清水 以知子 東京大学, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教 (40211966) ; 河村 雄行 東京工業大学, 大学院・理工学研究科, 教授 (00126038) ; 市川 康明 岡山大学, 大学院・環境学研究科, 教授 (30126833) ; 神崎 正美 岡山大学, 地球物質科学研究センター, 教授 (90234153)
• Keywords: 地殻流体 / 粒界 / 地震波速度 / 分子動力学 / 浸透率 / 岩石力学 / ブリルアン散乱 / ダイアモンドアンビル

Research Abstract

地殻流体の物質的実態とその岩石物性に与える影響を解明する第一フェーズの研究として,以下の成果が得られた.(1)下部地殻条件での角閃岩粒界に存在する流体の形態(二面角とファセットの出現頻度)を求めた.また鉱物結晶の熱収縮の異方性に起因した粒界クラック形成実験を行うための出発物質の合成と物性評価に成功した.(2)多孔質岩石中の浸透率測定用の模型作成を行うため,3次元プリンターを導入し,空隙構造のモデル化を開始した.(3)流体を含む多結晶質岩石の弾性波速度および電気伝導度の測定を行うため,比較低温(<200℃)でも平衡形状を実現できる岩塩を地殻物質のアナログとして採用し,高温高圧で物性測定を行うための高温高圧実験装置の開発を行った.(4)膨潤性粘土鉱物の顕著な親水和性の本質を調べるためにパイロフィライトから白雲母までの各成分について分子動力学法計算を行い,親水和性が再現され,その原因の議論が可能となった.(5)多成分固液混合系における拡散浸透圧密理論の開発・単結晶石英表面における圧力溶解現象に関する実験と溶解速度の算定・多成分混合溶液の拡散問題のコード開発を行った.(6)中・下部地殻の断層帯や含水マントル構成物質のレオロジーを明らかにするため,新たに固体圧式変形試験機を開発し,大理石試料を用いたキャリブレーションテスト,温度勾配を小さくするための試料アセンブリの改良,試料内部の応力状態をリアルタイムで監視する計測プログラムの作成を行った.(7)HDACで地殻流体のその場弾性波測定を行うため,角度分散式ブリルアン散乱装置の開発を行った.(8)試料の屈折率を独立に決め,ブリルアンシフトから弾性波速度を求めるため,新しい屈折率測定光学系を設計し製作に着手した.(9)メルトを含む岩石の力学構成則を導出し,ミクロな内部構造がマクロな弾性や粘性に与える影響を定量的に明らかにした.

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Effect of grain growth on cation exchange between dunite and fluid : implications for chemical homogenization in the upper mantle (2010)
  • Author(s): Ohuchi, T., Nakamura, M., Michibayashi, K.
  • Journal Title: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (未定) Pages: doi : 10.1007/s00410-009-0481-7
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Shear deformation experiments on vesicular rhyolite : Implications for brittle fracturing, degassing, and compaction of magmas in volcanic conduits (2010)
  • Author(s): Okumura, S., Nakamura, M., Uesugi, K., Nakano, T., Tsuchiyama, A.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research (未定) Pages: doi : 10.1029/2009JB006904
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Geometry of intercrystalline brine in plastically deforming halite rocks : inference from electrical resistivity (2010)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, T., Advances in Interpretation of Geological Processes, in Spalla, M.I., Marotta, A.M., Gosso, G.(eds)
  • Journal Title: Geological Society, London, Special Publications Vol.332 Pages: 69-78
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 蛇紋岩の地震波速度-蛇紋岩の地震学的マッピングに向けて- (2010)
  • Author(s): 渡辺了, 矢野秀明
  • Journal Title: 月刊地球 32(2)巻(in press)
• [Journal Article] Stress-induced anisotropy of partially molten rock analogue deformed under quasi-static loading test (2010)
  • Author(s): Takei, Y.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research (未定, in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Synthesis of highly dense and fine-grained aggregates of mantle composites by vacuum sintering of mineral nano-powders (2010)
  • Author(s): Koizumi, S., Hiraga, T., Tachibana, C., Tasaka, M., Miyazaki, T., Kobayashi, T., Takamasa, A., Ohashi, N., Sano, S
  • Journal Title: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals (未定) Pages: doi : 10.1007/s00269-009-0350-y
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Grain growth systematics for forsterite±enstatite aggregates : Effect of lithology on grain size in the upper mantle (2010)
  • Author(s): Hiraga, T., Tachibana, C., Ohashi, N., Sano, S.
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol.291 Pages: 10-20
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 沈み込むスラブの二重震発面と蛇紋岩の脱水不安定性 (2010)
  • Author(s): 清水以知子
  • Journal Title: 月刊地球 Vol.32(3) Pages: 162-166
• [Journal Article] Estimating the corrosion of compacted bentonite by a conceptual model based on microbial growth dynamics (2010)
  • Author(s): Nakano, M., Kawamura, K.
  • Journal Title: Applied Clay Science Vol.47 Pages: 43-50
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Magma deformation may induce non-explosive volcanism via degassing through bubble networks (2009)
  • Author(s): Okumura, S., Nakamura, M., Takeuchi, S., Tsuchiyama, A., Nakano, T., Uesugi, K.
  • Journal Title: Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol.281 Pages: 267-274
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 弾性波速度測定に基づく跡津川断層周辺浅部地殻物質の推定 (2009)
  • Author(s): 鏡味芳宏, 渡辺了
  • Journal Title: 地震2 61巻 Pages: 99-111
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 地殻・マントル物質の地震波速度と電気伝導度:沈み込み帯の水を探る (2009)
  • Author(s): 渡辺了
  • Journal Title: 地震2 61巻 Pages: S541-S562
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A new experimental method to estimate viscoelastic properties from ultrasonic wave transmission measurements (2009)
  • Author(s): Fujisawa, K., Takei, Y.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Sound and Vibration Vol.323 Pages: 609-625
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Viscous constitutive relations of solid-liquid composites in terms of grain boundary contiguity : 1.Grain boundary diffusion control model (2009)
  • Author(s): Takei, Y., Holtzman, B.K.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research Vol.114 B06205 Pages: doi : 10.1029/2008JB005850
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Viscous constitutive relations of solid-liquid composites in terms of grain boundary contiguity : 2.Compositional model for small melt fractions (2009)
  • Author(s): Takei, Y., Holtzman, B.K.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research Vol.114 B06206 Pages: doi : 10.1029/2008JB005851
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Viscous constitutive relations of solid-liquid composites in terms of grain boundary contiguity : 3.Causes and consequences of viscous anisotropy (2009)
  • Author(s): Takei, Y., Holtzman, B.K.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research Vol.114
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] A generalized formulation of interfacial tension driven fluid migration with dissolution/precipitation (2009)
  • Author(s): Takei, Y., Hier-Majumder, S.
  • Journal Title: Earth Planet.Sci.Lett. Vol.288 Pages: 138-148
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Transport phenomena in kaolinite clay : Molecular simulation, homogenization analysis and similitude law (2009)
  • Author(s): Choi, J.H., Faisal Anwar, A.H.M., Kawamura, K., Ichikawa, Y.
  • Journal Title: International Jornal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics Vol.33 Pages: 687-707
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Swelling behavior of Na-and Ca-montmorillonite up to 150C by in situ X-ray diffraction experiments (2009)
  • Author(s): Morodome, S., Kawamura, K.
  • Journal Title: Clays and Clay minerals Vol.57 Pages: 150-160
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Structure and dynamics of water on muscovite mica surfaces (2009)
  • Author(s): 佐久間博, 河村雄行
  • Journal Title: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta Vol.73 Pages: 4100-4110
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 白雲母表面-水界面における原子分布の解明 (2009)
  • Author(s): 佐久間博・河村雄行
  • Journal Title: 粘土科学 Vol.48 Pages: 77-81
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Viscosity behavior spanning four orders of magnitude in As-S melts under high pressure (2009)
  • Author(s): Brazhkin, V.V., Kanzaki, M., Funakoshi, K., Katayama, Y.
  • Journal Title: Phys.Rev.Lett. Vol.102 Pages: 115901
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Si-Al distribution in high-pressure CaAl4Si2O11 phase : a 29Si and 27Al NMR study (2009)
  • Author(s): Xue, X., Zhai, S., Kanzaki, M.
  • Journal Title: Am.Min. Vol.94 Pages: 1739-1742
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Proton distributions and hydrogen bonding in crystalline and glassy hydrous silicates and related inorganic materials : Insights from high-resolution solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2009)
  • Author(s): Xue, X., Kanzaki, M.
  • Journal Title: J.Am.Ceram.Soc.(feature article) Vol.92(12) Pages: 2803-2830
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Nano-micro-macro-analysis for clays (2010)
  • Author(s): Ichikawa, Y.
  • Organizer: Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research
  • Place of Presentation: Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research(Warsaw), Poland
  • Year and Date: 2010-03-22
• [Presentation] 浅間・前掛火山における噴火様式の分岐条件 (2010)
  • Author(s): 中村美千彦・吉瀬毅・安井真也
  • Organizer: 「地震及び火山噴火予知のための観測研究計画」成果報告シンポジウム
  • Place of Presentation: 東大地震研究所(東京)
  • Year and Date: 2010-03-03
• [Presentation] 桜島火山歴史時代噴火の開始条件に関する岩石学的制約 (2010)
  • Author(s): 中村美千彦・伊藤嘉紀・田村翔・井口正人・味喜大介
  • Organizer: 平成21年度京都大学防災研究所研究発表講演会
  • Place of Presentation: 京都大学防災研究所(京都)
  • Year and Date: 2010-02-24
• [Presentation] An experimental study on aqueous fluid connectivity in amphibolitic lower crust (2009)
  • Author(s): Abe, M., Nakamura, M.
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-17
• [Presentation] Development of seismic anisotropy during serpentinization (2009)
  • Author(s): Watanabe, T., Shirasugi, Y., Yano, H., Michibayashi, K.
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-16
• [Presentation] Olivine and Antigorite Lattice Preferred Orientation Patterns in Hydrated Peridotite and their Implications for Forearc Seismic Anisotropy (2009)
  • Author(s): Wallis, S., Nishii, A., Kobayashi, H., Mizukami, T., Michibayashi, K., Watanabe, T.
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-16
• [Presentation] A chromatographic simulation of CO_2 flushing in magmatic systems (2009)
  • Author(s): 吉村俊平, 中村美千彦
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-15
• [Presentation] Molecular dynamics simulations of water, solution, and clay mineral-water systems (2009)
  • Author(s): 河村雄行
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-15
• [Presentation] Grain growth systematics for forsterite±enstatite aggregates (2009)
  • Author(s): 平賀岳彦, 橘ちひろ, 大橋直樹, 佐野聡
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-15
• [Presentation] Experimentally determined attenuation and modulus in Earth analogue materials over a wide range of frequency (2009)
  • Author(s): McCarthy, C., Fujisawa, K., Takei, Y., Hiraga, T
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-15
• [Presentation] Permeability and pore-connectivity variation of pumices from a single pyroclastic flow eruption : Implications for partial fragmentation (2009)
  • Author(s): Nakamura, M., Otaki, K., Takeuchi, S.
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-14
• [Presentation] Shear deformation experiments on vesicular rhyolite : Implications for magma fracturing, degassing, and compaction of magma in volcanic conduits (2009)
  • Author(s): Okumura, S., Nakamura, M., Nakano, T., Uesugi, K., Tsuchiyama, A.
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-14
• [Presentation] Seismological consequences and observability of melt-lubricated(millefeuille)asthenosphere and a LAB above (2009)
  • Author(s): Kawakatsu, H., Takeo, A., Takei, Y., Kumar, P.
  • Organizer: Americal Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
  • Place of Presentation: Moscone Convention Center(San Francisco), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-14
• [Presentation] The interatomic potential model and molecular simulations of water, ice, aqueous solutions, etc. (2009)
  • Author(s): 河村雄行
  • Organizer: MSA Short Course "Theoretical and computational methods in mineral physics : applications to geophysics"
  • Place of Presentation: Executive Meeting Center Berkeley Marina(Berkley), USA
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-11
• [Presentation] 多成分酸化物溶融体・ガラスの冷却過程と構造・物性-複数のネットワーク形成原子の場合- (2009)
  • Author(s): 河村雄行
  • Organizer: 分子シミュレーション討論会
  • Place of Presentation: 名古屋市中小企業振興会館(名古屋)
  • Year and Date: 2009-12-01
• [Presentation] 発泡したマグマの脆性破壊実験:温度・歪み量の効果 (2009)
  • Author(s): 藤岡拓真・奥村聡・中村美千彦
  • Organizer: 日本火山学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神奈川県立生命の星・地球博物館(神奈川)
  • Year and Date: 2009-10-10
• [Presentation] 鉄チタン酸化鉱物から見るマグマ溜まりの熱史と均質性:桜島火山歴史時代噴火への応用 (2009)
  • Author(s): 中村美千彦・伊藤嘉紀・田村翔・井口正人・味喜大介
  • Organizer: 日本火山学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神奈川県立生命の星・地球博物館(神奈川)
  • Year and Date: 2009-10-10
• [Presentation] 反応輸送系モデルによるマグマ中CO2ガスフラッシング機構の解明 (2009)
  • Author(s): 吉村俊平・中村美千彦
  • Organizer: 日本火山学会秋季大会
  • Place of Presentation: 神奈川県立生命の星・地球博物館(神奈川)
  • Year and Date: 2009-10-10
• [Presentation] NaxAl(OH)2[Si3+xAlxO10]. nH20の分子動力学計算-pyrophyllite-beidellite-paragonite の水和挙動- (2009)
  • Author(s): 河村雄行
  • Organizer: 粘土科学討論会
  • Place of Presentation: 岩手大学(盛岡)
  • Year and Date: 2009-09-11
• [Presentation] forsterite±enstatite の粒成長システマティックス (2009)
  • Author(s): 平賀岳彦・橘ちひろ・大橋直樹・佐野聡
  • Organizer: 鉱物科学会
  • Place of Presentation: 北海道大学(札幌)
  • Year and Date: 2009-09-09
• [Book] 火山爆発に迫る-噴火メカニズムの解明と火山災害の軽減(分担執筆, 2.3章) (2009)
  • Author(s): 中村美千彦(彦井田喜明・谷口宏充編)
  • Total Pages: 77-86
  • Publisher: 東大出版会
• [Remarks]
  • URL: http://www.geofluids.titech.ac.jp/