1989 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

栽培種成立の分子遺伝学的基礎

Research Project

Project/Area Number	01300012
Research Institution	Kyoto University
Principal Investigator	常脇恒一郎京都大学, 農学部, 教授 (20026438)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	田中国介京都府立大学, 農学部, 助教授 (90027194) 古田善彦岐阜大学, 農学部, 教授 (20021719) 木下俊郎北海道大学, 農学部, 教授 (10001421) 荻浦保成横浜市立大学, 木原生物学研究所, 助教授 (40185533) 杉浦昌弘名古屋大学, 遺伝子実験施設, 教授 (80027044)
Keywords	作物 / 栽培化 / 分子生物学 / NDAライブラリ- / RFLP分析 / rDNA / 光合成 / 貯蔵タンパク質
Research Abstract	主に分子生物学的手法を用いて栽培種とその近縁野生種を比較研究し、栽培種の分子遺伝的特性を明らかにすることを目的に、以下の概要のような3項目の研究を実施した。 A)栽培種と近縁野生種のDNAライブラリ-の作成とその利用-コムギでゲノミック(n)DNA,cDNA,ミトコンドリアDNAのライブラリ-を構築した。イネ、コムギ、サツマイモの3属ではnDNAまたはcDNAのクロ-ンを、またテンサイ属では葉緑体DNAのクロ-ンを用いて、栽培種とそれぞれの近緑野生種のRFLP分析を行い、系統関係を明らかにした。イネでは、さらにRFLP地図と遺伝子地図の対応関係を決定した。 B)生産性の基礎をなす形質の研究-イネ、コムギ、ソラマメ、エンドウの4属の栽培種と祖先種の間でrDNAの構造と活性を比較研究し、コピ-数、スペ-サ-の構造及び転写活性の違いを明らかにした。光合成に関しては、栽培タバコの光化学系I複合体タンパク質遺伝子psaDの産物の2分子種の提供親を同定し、トウモロコシではC3、C4及び根型のPEPC遺伝子の構造を決定して、3者の翻訳領域が高い相同性をもつことを証明した。エンドウでは光応答の弱い葉緑体オペロンを発見した。 C)栽培種にとって重要な形質の研究-種子の発芽と休眠に関しては、その生理学的挙動を解析するとともに、コムギで休眠胚に特有なmRNAを見出した。貯蔵タンパク質に関しては、イネで3種タンパク質のそれぞれについて2〜4種のcDNAの構造を決定し、各種タンパク質に固有なシグナルペプチドを同定した。サツマイモのスポラミン遺伝子の発現調節の研究から、器官の肥大とタンパク質遺伝子の発現は無関係であることが証明された。アブラナ科植物を用いて、葉の老化に伴って出現するmRNAを単離し、そのcDNAの構造解析を行い、発現に調節機構を明らかにした。また、熱ショックタンパク質遺伝子の発現条件を解明した。

Research Products
(22 results)

All Other

All Publications (22 results)

[Publications] 阿知波哲夫,対耀光,森直樹,常脇恒一郎: "ショットガン法によるコムギ核DNAクロ-ンの作成とその分類" 育種学雑誌. 39(別冊1). 250-251 (1989)
[Publications] 対耀光,阿知波哲夫,森直樹,常脇恒一郎: "クロ-ニングしたコムギ核DNA断片のコピ-数の推定とサザン・ハイブリダイゼ-ション" 育種学雑誌. 39(別冊1). 252-253 (1989)
[Publications] 森直樹,竹葉剛,阿知波哲夫,研顕一,常脇恒一郎: "パンコムギのcDNAライブラリ-の作成と解析" 育種学雑誌. 39(別冊1). 254-255 (1989)
[Publications] Sugiura,M.: "The chloroplast chromosomes in land Plants" Annual Reriew of Cell Biology. 5. 51-70 (1989)
[Publications] Sugiura,M.: "The Chloroplast genome" Biochenicstry of Plants. 15. 133-150 (1989)
[Publications] Sugiura,M.: "Compilattion and Comparison of transfer RNA genes from tobacco chloroplasts" Critical Reviceeos in Plant Sicences. 8. 89-101 (1989)
[Publications] Hiratsuka,J.他15名(Sugiura,Mを含む): "The Complete sequence of the rice(Oryza sativa)chloroplast Genome" Molecular and General Genetics. 217. 185-194 (1989)
[Publications] Mikami,T.: "Genotypic variation in the in vitro Morphogenesis from leaf explants of Beta vulgaris α.and β.maritima α." Euphytica. 40. 271-273 (1989)
[Publications] Taira,T.,Takahashi,S.,Kato,A.& Tanifuji,S.: "Differences in timing of replication and maturction of nascent DNA fragments between satellite and main fand DNA during the Sphase of the first call cycle in cultured carrot root explants" Japanese Journal of Genetics. 64. 79-89 (1989)
[Publications] Yokota,Y.,Kawata,T.,Iida,Y.,Kato,A.& Tanifuji,S.: "Nucleotide sequences of the 5.8S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer region in carrot and broad bean ribosomal DNA" Journal of Molecular Evolution. 29. 294-301 (1989)
[Publications] Yanagisawa,S.& Izui,K.: "Maize Phosphoenolpyruvate carbopylase involued in C4 photosyntheses:Nucleotide sequence anabysis of 5´flanking region of the gene" Journal of Biochemistry. 106. 982-987 (1989)
[Publications] Sasaki,Y.,Nagano,Y.,Morioka,S.,Ishikawa,H.& Matsuno,R: "Achloroplast gene encoding a protein with one zinc finger" Nucleic Acids Research. 17. 6217-6227 (1989)
[Publications] Yoshida,K.,Takimoto,A.& Sasaki,Y.: "Fluence-response relatimship for photogene expression in ethiolcted pea seedlings" Photochemistry and Photobiology. 50. 121-124 (1989)
[Publications] Takeba,G.: "Control mechanism of Lettuce-seed germination" Plant water Relations and Growth under Stress(ed.Tazawa,M.et al.). 458-460 (1989)
[Publications] Masumura,T.他7名(Tanaka,Kを含む): "cDNA cloning of an mRNA encoding a sulfur-rich 10 kDa prolamin Plypeptide in rice seeds" Plaut Molecular Biology. 12. 123-130 (1989)
[Publications] Hibino,T.他6名(Tanaka,Kを含む): "Amino acid composition of rice prolamin polypeptides" Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 53. 513-518 (1989)
[Publications] Masumura,T.他6名(Tanaka,K.を含む): "Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a major rice glutelin" Plant Molecular Biology. 12. 723-725 (1989)
[Publications] Yamauchi,D.,Nakamura,K.,Asahi,T.& Minamikawa,T.: "Nucleotide sequence of cDNA for concanavalin A from Canavalia cladiata seeds" Plant and Cell Physiology. 30. 147-150 (1989)
[Publications] Kimura,T.他5名(Nakamura,Kを含む): "Correspondence of minor subunits of plant mitochondricl F_1ATPase to F_1F_OATPase subunits of other organisms" Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264. 3183-3186 (1989)
[Publications] Watanabe,A.,Kawakami,H.& Azumi,Y.: "Geve expression in senescing leaves" Signals for Cell Separation in Plants:Physioloyg,Biocheanistry and Molecular Biology(ed.Osbome,D.J.). 31-38 (1989)
[Publications] Araki,T.,Hirano,H.,Naito,S.,& Kameda,Y.: "Introduction of foreign genes into Pharbitis nil calli using a veator derived from Agrobacterium PTi" Plant Cell Reports. 8. 259-262 (1989)
[Publications] Hirano,H.& Kameda,Y.: "Cloning and structural analjais of the snap-back DNA of Pharbitis Nil" Plant Molecular Biology. 12. 235-244 (1989)

1989 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

栽培種成立の分子遺伝学的基礎

Principal Investigator

常脇 恒一郎 京都大学, 農学部, 教授 (20026438)

Research Products

[Publications] 阿知波哲夫,対耀光,森直樹,常脇恒一郎: "ショットガン法によるコムギ核DNAクロ-ンの作成とその分類" 育種学雑誌. 39(別冊1). 250-251 (1989)

[Publications] 対耀光,阿知波哲夫,森直樹,常脇恒一郎: "クロ-ニングしたコムギ核DNA断片のコピ-数の推定とサザン・ハイブリダイゼ-ション" 育種学雑誌. 39(別冊1). 252-253 (1989)

[Publications] 森直樹,竹葉剛,阿知波哲夫,研顕一,常脇恒一郎: "パンコムギのcDNAライブラリ-の作成と解析" 育種学雑誌. 39(別冊1). 254-255 (1989)

[Publications] Sugiura,M.: "The chloroplast chromosomes in land Plants" Annual Reriew of Cell Biology. 5. 51-70 (1989)

[Publications] Sugiura,M.: "The Chloroplast genome" Biochenicstry of Plants. 15. 133-150 (1989)

[Publications] Sugiura,M.: "Compilattion and Comparison of transfer RNA genes from tobacco chloroplasts" Critical Reviceeos in Plant Sicences. 8. 89-101 (1989)

[Publications] Hiratsuka,J.他15名(Sugiura,Mを含む): "The Complete sequence of the rice(Oryza sativa)chloroplast Genome" Molecular and General Genetics. 217. 185-194 (1989)

[Publications] Mikami,T.: "Genotypic variation in the in vitro Morphogenesis from leaf explants of Beta vulgaris α.and β.maritima α." Euphytica. 40. 271-273 (1989)

[Publications] Taira,T.,Takahashi,S.,Kato,A.& Tanifuji,S.: "Differences in timing of replication and maturction of nascent DNA fragments between satellite and main fand DNA during the Sphase of the first call cycle in cultured carrot root explants" Japanese Journal of Genetics. 64. 79-89 (1989)

[Publications] Yokota,Y.,Kawata,T.,Iida,Y.,Kato,A.& Tanifuji,S.: "Nucleotide sequences of the 5.8S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer region in carrot and broad bean ribosomal DNA" Journal of Molecular Evolution. 29. 294-301 (1989)

[Publications] Yanagisawa,S.& Izui,K.: "Maize Phosphoenolpyruvate carbopylase involued in C4 photosyntheses:Nucleotide sequence anabysis of 5´flanking region of the gene" Journal of Biochemistry. 106. 982-987 (1989)

[Publications] Sasaki,Y.,Nagano,Y.,Morioka,S.,Ishikawa,H.& Matsuno,R: "Achloroplast gene encoding a protein with one zinc finger" Nucleic Acids Research. 17. 6217-6227 (1989)

[Publications] Yoshida,K.,Takimoto,A.& Sasaki,Y.: "Fluence-response relatimship for photogene expression in ethiolcted pea seedlings" Photochemistry and Photobiology. 50. 121-124 (1989)

[Publications] Takeba,G.: "Control mechanism of Lettuce-seed germination" Plant water Relations and Growth under Stress(ed.Tazawa,M.et al.). 458-460 (1989)

[Publications] Masumura,T.他7名(Tanaka,Kを含む): "cDNA cloning of an mRNA encoding a sulfur-rich 10 kDa prolamin Plypeptide in rice seeds" Plaut Molecular Biology. 12. 123-130 (1989)

[Publications] Hibino,T.他6名(Tanaka,Kを含む): "Amino acid composition of rice prolamin polypeptides" Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 53. 513-518 (1989)

[Publications] Masumura,T.他6名(Tanaka,K.を含む): "Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding a major rice glutelin" Plant Molecular Biology. 12. 723-725 (1989)

[Publications] Yamauchi,D.,Nakamura,K.,Asahi,T.& Minamikawa,T.: "Nucleotide sequence of cDNA for concanavalin A from Canavalia cladiata seeds" Plant and Cell Physiology. 30. 147-150 (1989)

[Publications] Kimura,T.他5名(Nakamura,Kを含む): "Correspondence of minor subunits of plant mitochondricl F_1ATPase to F_1F_OATPase subunits of other organisms" Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264. 3183-3186 (1989)

[Publications] Watanabe,A.,Kawakami,H.& Azumi,Y.: "Geve expression in senescing leaves" Signals for Cell Separation in Plants:Physioloyg,Biocheanistry and Molecular Biology(ed.Osbome,D.J.). 31-38 (1989)

[Publications] Araki,T.,Hirano,H.,Naito,S.,& Kameda,Y.: "Introduction of foreign genes into Pharbitis nil calli using a veator derived from Agrobacterium PTi" Plant Cell Reports. 8. 259-262 (1989)

[Publications] Hirano,H.& Kameda,Y.: "Cloning and structural analjais of the snap-back DNA of Pharbitis Nil" Plant Molecular Biology. 12. 235-244 (1989)

常脇恒一郎京都大学, 農学部, 教授 (20026438)