| Research Abstract |
From the bulb mite Rhizoglyphus robini, a new monoterpenoid was isolated and its chemical structure was elucidated as 3-oxo-4-isopropylidene-l-cyclohexene-l-carboxaldehyde, which was tentatively named as robirial. Biolobical function has not yet been determined.
The cuticular constituent of the bulb mite is revealed to be hexyl 2-formyl-3-hydroxybenzoate (hexyl rhizoglyphinate as the trivial name). Much higher antifungal activity than that of citral is demonstrated for the benzoate, although its activity is lower than that of acaridials.
The aggregation pheromone and kairomone activity of (1R, 3R, 5R, 7R) -1, 3, 5, 7-tetramethyidecyl formate, its diastereomer and three other mixtures of diastereomers prepared in a partially stereo-controlled manner were assayed with the isolated pheromone using Lardoglyphus konoi and Carpoglyphus lactis. (lR, 3R, 5R, 7R) -isomer was the only active compound against both species, whereas its- (lS, 3S-5S, 7S) -isomer was concluded to be an inhibitor of the
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pheromone of L. konoi, which suppressed development logarithmically along with its content in the preparation. The other 10 optical isomers among a total of 14 also seemed to function as inhibitors, because activity decreased in correspondence with decreases in (lR, 3R, 5R, 7R) -isomer among three mixtures of diastereomers. On the other hand, no inhibitory action of (lS, 3S, 5S, 7S) -isomer and other optical isomers were noticed against C. lactis
Geranial was identified as the alarm pheromone of Histiostoma laboratorlum (Astigmats : Histiostomidae) and its isomer neral as the pheromone of Glycyphagus domesticus (Acarina : Glycyphagidae).
The female sex pheromone of the brown-legged grain mite Aleuroglyphus ovatus was identified as 2-hydroxy6-methyl-benzaldehyde, which sexually stimulated males to copulate. The fact that the aldehyde was the major component in the adult extracts, and a minor component in nymphal stage extract, suggested its pheromonal role among adults.
Two sex pheromones responsible for male's sexual arousal to initiate male-to-male mounting, and for attracting females to male's vicinity were identified in a grain mite Acarus immobiles as 2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzaldehyde and a hydrocarbon mixtures, respectively. The former was present in both males and females, whereasthe latter was only detected in males.
A simple but rather unusual hydrocarbon in nature was demonstrated as a major component of the secretion from opisthonotal glands of Carpoglyphus lactis' and its structure was identified as (Z, Z) -6, 9-heptadecadierie. . The hydrocarbon was distributed sporadically among seven species of five families, when eighteen species from seven families were examined. Less
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