1992 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Chemical Factors Regulating Soil Borne Plant Diseases Produced by Microorganisms Surviving in Soil
| Project/Area Number |
03660135
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Field |
製造化学・食品
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
UENO Tamio Kyoto University, Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (20026579)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MIYAGAWA Hisashi Kyoto University, Agriculture, Assistant, 農学部, 助手 (10219735)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1991 – 1992
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| Keywords | Pseudomonas cepacia / Bipolaris sorokinianaand / Phytotoxin / P.fluorescens / Antibiotic / Altericidins |
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| Research Abstract |
Siol borne crop diseases are highly affected by the variety of soil flora containing numerous kinds of microorganisms. This phenomenon has been investigated for a long tine by plant pathologists and it has been proposed that the factors regulating the soil borne diseases are mainly caused by chemical basis such as antibiotic and/or phytotoxic substances produced by the microorganisms. This research aimed to analyze typical examples of chemical facors related to soil borne diseases.
We isolated a series of antibiotic peptides produced by Pseudomonas cepacia and P.fluorescens, structures of which were extensively investigated. Most of their structures were elucidated to be glycopeptides consisting of D-xylose and several kinds of unusual amino acids. As another example, phytotoxins produced by a soil borne fungus were investigated. Ethyl acetate extract of cultures of Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of barley spot blotch, induced the necrosis of leaves and the inhibition of root elongation on barley. Two toxic compounds from the cultures, toxin A and B, were isolated as the active principles. The structure of toxin A was elucidated to be 1,7-dimethyl-8-hydroxy methyl-4-isopropyl-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-6-one by spectometric methods, and the structure elucidation of B is in progress. At 50 ppm the toxins host-specifically induced the necrosis for leaves of barley.
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