| Research Abstract |
In order to research relationships of Prunus species, We applied RAPD assay and PCR-RFLP method using three chloroplast DNA domains (psbA,rbcL-ORF106, atpB-rbcL). Matcrial plants of mumc, apricot, plum and peach were offered from Fruit Tree Research Station, and Cherries were offered from Yanmagata Horticultural Research Station. In 1992, We confirmed RAPD assay is suitable for parentage, classification of cultivars and phylogenetic studies in Prunus species using representative cultivars. In 1993, We investigated relationships among many cultivars. Mume cultivars were classified into 6 groups ; "Taiwan-mume", "Koume ", "Chuume", "Oume", "mume-apricot hybrid", "mume-plum hybrid", and it was supposed that Japanese mume is derived from China. Apricot cultivars classified into two groups ; "East Asia", "West Eurasian". Plumcultivars were largely classified into two groups ; "Japanese plum", "European plum". These mumes, apricots and plums are genetically similar and most cultivars have been evoluted with crossing. Peach cultivars are high homologous and were largely classified into two groups ; "P.persica", "P.mira". In 1995, We performed the classification of cherries by RAPD assay, and evolutionary studies of Prunus species by PCR-RFLP method. Prunus species were largely separated into "plum group" and "Cherry group" and Both group were divided in the old time. P.tomentosa, P.japonica which are classified into subgenus Cherry were classified into "Plum group". The experiment of classification of cherries was prevented by earthquake and now, we continue the last part of experiment again.
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