| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
GRACHEV M Limnological Inst., Siberian Branch, Russian Acad.of Sci., Russia, Director, 所長
ティモシュキン O ロシア科学アカデミー陸水研究所, 主任研究員
ALIMOSO M Fisheries Institute of Malawi, Malawi, Director, 所長
TABOROSKY M K.Lorenz Institute of Animal Behavior, Austria, Deputy Director, ローレンツ比較行動学研究所, 副所長
MILINDI G L.Tanganyika Res.Unit, Fish.Res.Inst., Zambia, Senior Researcher, 主任研究員
リビンク A マラウィ生物多様性保全研究所, 所長
MULIMBWA N C.R.H./Uvira, Zaire, Scientific Director, 主任研究員
MBOKO S C.R.H./Uvira, Zaire, Senior Researcher, 研究員
カルマティノフ R ロシア科学アカデミー陸水研究所, 主任研究員
デリコフ S ロシア科学アカデミー陸水研究所, 室長
NSHOMBO M C.R.H./Uvira, Zaire, Director, 所長
NAKAI Katsuki Lake Biwa Museum, Researcher, 学芸員
NARITA Tetsuya Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Instructor, 生態研センター, 助手 (40025440)
SUGIYAMA Masahito Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University, Assoc.Professor, 総合人間, 助教授 (10179179)
NISHIDA Mutsumi Fukui Prefectural University, Professor, 生物資源, 教授 (90136896)
YAMAOKA Kosaku Marine Biological Center, Kochi University, Professor, 海洋生物教育センター, 教授 (20200587)
TAKEMON Yasuhiro Osaka Prefectural University, Assoc.Professor, 総合, 助教授 (50222104)
TANIDA Kazumi Osaka Prefectural University, Professor, 総合, 教授 (20167505)
NAGOSHI Makoto Nara Wemen's University, Professor, 理, 教授 (40024822)
KAWANABE Hiroya Kyoto University, Professor Emeritus, 名誉教授 (60025286)
SIDELEVA V Zoological Inst.of Russian Acad.of Sci., Russia, Senior Researcher, 主任研究員
ボルチェノフ A ロシア科学アカデミー動物研究所, 主任研究員
DELIKOV I.A Limnol.Inst., Siberian Bra., Rus.Acad.Sci., Russia, Researcher
BORTINOV L.M Limnol.Inst., Siberian Bra., Rus.Acad.Sci., Russia, Researcher
KAMALTYNOV R.M Limnol.Inst., Siberian Bra., Rus.Acad.Sci., Russia, Researcher
TIMOSHKIN O.A Limnol.Inst., Siberian Bra., Rus.Acad.Sci., Russia, Senior Researcher
RIBBINK A Institute of Biodiversity Conservation, Malawi, Director
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| Research Abstract |
Lakes Biwa, Baikal, Tanganyika and Malawi are unique freshwater environments with rich endemic species, respectively. Among these lakes, various kinds of cooperative relationship between species are known from Lake Tanganyika, which might promote to maintain a high biodiversity in a habitat, and such interspecific relationship is plausible in other ancient lakes with a high biodiversity. To ascertain this hypothesis, field observations in Lakes Baikal, Tanganyika and Malawi were conducted.
In Lake Tanganyika, more and more various cooperative interspecific relationships among cichlid fishes have been found, especially to avoid the harm from scale-eating fishes and piscivorous fishes. Lake Malawi holds a rich cichlid fauna as well as Lake Tanganyika, and the fish communities of these two lakes are similar in their functional composition. In Lake Malawi, however, the fishes seem to show weak interspecific relationship especially in the views of cooperative foraging and cooperative defense against piscivores and fin-biters.
In Lakes Baikal and Biwa, the fish communities are more simple without notable cooperative interspecific relationship. Therefore the biodiversity in fish communities in latter two lakes are, probably, maintained mainly by the interspecific relationship of resource partitioning. In contrast, the biodiversity in fish community in Lake Tanganyika is maintained not only by resource partitioning among species but also by various kinds of cooperative interspecific relationship. The case of Lake Malawi is unclear in this view point, and more detailed survey in Lake Malawi is necessarry to develope the comparative study of biodiversities in ancient lakes.
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