1997 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Actual conditions of corn farmning developed in northern margins of Japanese Islands
| Project/Area Number |
08610419
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
考古学(含先史学)
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| Research Institution | Historical Museum of Hokkaido |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMADA Goro Historical Museum of Hokkaido Curatorial Department Chie examiner, 学芸部, 学芸主査 (00113473)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1996 – 1997
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| Keywords | Satsumon culture / Okhotsk culture / Field / Barley / Foxtail millet / Proso millet / Barnyard millet |
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| Research Abstract |
In the latter of 7th century the Post-Jomon Culture in Hokkaido changed into the Satsumon Culture under an influence of cultivation culture with Hajiki (potteries). Jomon ornamentation patterns hither to used on potteries disappeared by that time, and housing structure changed into rectangular forms equipped with furnaces, mode of life changed greatly by introduction of many techniques of smithery, weaving and corn cultivation. There was a general opinion that the economic basement of the Satsumon Culture lied in fishing of salmons and trouts in rivers, but recent investigations reveal that people at that time managed cultivation of many kinds of corns. Although traces of cultivated fields have not yet been confirmed, sixteen kinds of seeds of cultivated plants such us millets (foxtail millet and proso millet) and barleys occur from thirty-four sites of the latter half of 7th century to 12-13rd century, and besides of them the cultivation tools such as iron plows and sickles were disco
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vered in Hokkaido.From the latter half of 7th century to middle 9th century cultivation (farming) -culture was developed in the south of the Ishikari Lowland, but since the latter half of 9th century to 12-13rd century, when villages of the Satsumon Culture began to invade to north and east of the Ishikari Lowland, cultivation was developed in most parts of Hokkaido under an influence of warm climate. However in the south of the Ishikari Lowland 7-8 kinds of crops are found, and, in contrast, in the north only four or five kinds of crops found. And there is a difference of species in barleys which were excavated from remains of the post-10th century. The barleys which were reported from the south of the Ishikari Lowland and seems to be originated in northern Tohoku regions, and on the contrary lineages of barleys in the north can be traced back into coastal regions of Eurasian Continent where crops were cultivated under the influence of the Iron-tool Culture. From this study it became clear that people of the Okhotsk Culture had an influence in introducing barleys of continental origin. However it is also obvious that people of the Satsumon Culture managed on fishing labors in rivers and oceans as well as hunting on lands and oceans. Their economical basement was dependent on cultivation an fiels and products of fishing labor and hunting. A part of such products are considered to have been exchanged as value-equivalents with iron-tools which people of the Satsumon Culture could not yet produce by themselves. In 12-13th century when a trade economy was developed by shipping transportation, the Satsumon potteries and pit-dwellings became unused and a change from the Satsumon Culture to the Ainu Culture occurred. Less
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Research Products
(2 results)
