| Research Abstract |
We had found high incidence of acute leukemias in liquidators in Vitebsk region (1,423,000 population) after Chernobyl accident. In Ukrainian Center of Radiation Medicine in Kiev (Director Bebeshko), Prof. Klimenko has been examining 120,000 liquidators in every year. They were set to be lower than 25 mSv irradiation dose, however, it was speculated that some of them were exposed more than 100 mSv . I co-investigated to diagnose those liquidators and found 141 patients with leukemia until 1993. Among them, 86 patients were diagnosed as acute leukemia. During from 1993 to 1995, we found 42 patients with hematological malignancies. They were 16 cases of acute myelogenous leukemia, which were classified as AML M1 (2 cases), AML M2 (2 cases), AML M3 (2 cases), AML M4 (5 cases), AML M5 (4 cases) according to FAB classification, respectively. We found 2 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL L2: FAB). We also found 8 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and 8 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. We analysed DNA from cases of AML and found that deletion of exon 5 and exon 6 of p53 suppressor oncogene due to p53 gene mutation.
We investigated the incidence of leukemias and malignant lymphomas among liquidators living in the regions, Dnepropetrovsk (21,906 person), Dnetsk (26,506), and Charkov (28,314). By sex-matched statistical analysis, we found that the relative risk was 0.02 and 0.05, for liquidators of 1986 and 1987, respectively.
The relative risk for malignant lymphomas was 0.35 and 0.75, for 1986 and 1987 liquidators, respectively. On the bases of these findings, we suggest that the development of hematological malignancies is dependent on radiation dose. It is suggested that the incidence of leukemia including myelodysplastic syndrome among liquidators is increasing tendency, recently.
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