2000 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Basic studies on strategy against HIV
| Project/Area Number |
11557024
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 展開研究 |
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| Research Field |
Virology
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokushima |
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Principal Investigator |
ADACHI Akio The University of Tokushima, School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (90127043)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
UCHIYAMA Tsuneo The University of Tokushima, School of Medicine, Lecturer, 医学部, 講師 (90151901)
HIMENO Kunisuke The University of Tokushima, School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (50112339)
KOYAMA Hajime The University of Tokushima, School of Medicine, Associate Professor, 医学部, 助教授 (80109074)
AKARI Hirofumi The University of Tokushima, School of Medicine, Assistant Professor, 医学部, 助手 (20294671)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1999 – 2000
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| Keywords | HIV / Gag / Env / Vif / Vpr / Nef / Apoptosis / MHC-I |
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| Research Abstract |
In this research project, we have obtained the results as summarized below. Our results would contribute much to the understanding of HIV-1 replication and to the development of anti-HIV-1 strategies.
(1) Function of HIV-1 Gag. We have demonstrated the presence of Gag mutants, with defect of uncoating/reverse transcription process in the early phase, that replicate in a cell-dependent manner. This result implies that some cell factor (s) is involved in the process. We also have demonstrated the ability of many of the early Gag mutants to inhibit strongly the replication of wild-type virus.
(2) HIV-1 Env and cellular factor. We have demonstrated the involvement of a host cell factor (s) in the Env incorporation into HIV-1 virions.
(3) Function of HIV-1 Vif. Two HIV-1 Vif mutants, with mutations in the hydrophilic or effector region, have been found to have target cell-dependent replication potentials. These mutants belong to a novel category of the Vif mutants.
(4) Function of HIV-1 Nef. We have found that the region of HIV-1 Nef governing MHC-I down-regulation is proximate in the α helix domain but is dissociated functionally from that determining enhancement of viral infectivity in vitro, virion incorporation of Nef, and CD4 down-regulation. This result suggests that HIV-1 Nef is immunologically important in the infected hosts.
(5) Function of HIV-1 Vpr. Both cell- and virion-associated HIV-1 Vpr have been found to arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and to induce cell apoptosis. No anti-apoptotic activity of HIV-1 Vpr has been noted.
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Research Products
(12 results)
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[Publications] Tokunaga, K., Ikuta, K., Adachi, A., Matsuda, M., Kurata, T., and Kojima, A.: "The cellular kinase binding motifs (PxxP and RR) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein are dispensable for producer cell-dependent enhancement of viral entry."Virology. 257. 285-289 (1999)
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Akari, H., Uchiyama, T., Fukumori, T., Iida, S., Koyama, A.H., and Adachi, A.: "Pseudotyping HIV-1 by vesicular stomatitis virus G protein does not reduce the cell-dependent requirement of Vif for optimal infectivity : functional difference between Vif and Nef."Journal of General Virology. 80. 2945-2949 (1999)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Akari, H., Arold, S., Fukumori, T., Okazaki, T., Strebel, K., and Adachi, A.: "Nef-induced major histocompatibility complex class I down-regulation is functionally dissociated from its virion incorporation, enhancement of viral infectivity, and CD4 down-regulation."Journal of Virology. 74. 2907-2912 (2000)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Fukumori, T., Akari, H., Yoshida, A., Fujita, M., Koyama, A.H., Kagawa, S., and Adachi, A.: "Regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis by HIV-1 Vpr."Microbes and Infection. 2. 1011-1017 (2000)
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
