2002 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Studies on Movement and Transformation of Inorganic Nitrogen in Porous Media
| Project/Area Number |
12460113
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
生物環境
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
MITSUNO Toru Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Professor, 農学研究科, 教授 (10026453)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NAKAMURA Kimihito Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Lecturer, 農学研究科, 講師 (30293921)
TANAKA Ueru Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Associate Professor, 農学研究科, 助教授 (10231408)
TSUDA Mitsuya Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Professor, 農学研究科, 教授 (10026578)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2000 – 2002
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| Keywords | nitrogen cycling / redox / andosol / dune sand / terrace paddy field / bio-reactor / PCR / DGGE |
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| Research Abstract |
We clarified mechanisms of fate of nitrogen cycling in two different agricultural lands that are upland field and paddy field in order to propose the management of nitrogen cycling by artificially controlling water environments.
(1) In Japan, both andosol and sand are typical soils for upland field. Nitrification, the process of producing nitrate, in andosol was relatively higher than in dune sand because andosol had the developed pore structures. We formulated nitrification process and ammonia and nitrate movements under infiltration in two types of soil.
(2) Liquid dairy manure nitrogen applied to field soil in California is important issue because nitrate contamination of groundwater has been very serious problem. Movement and transformation of organic-, ammonia-, and nitrate-nitrogen in an irrigated double crop corn-grain rotation could be modeled numerically including mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification. It would be helpful for decision of the management of manure and the optimal design of dairy farming.
(3) In terrace paddy fields, spatial and temporal changes in redox environment in soil at the part of slopes were considerably complex. Hydrogeochemical and molecular biological approaches showed that the existence of the slope played important roles in nitrogen cycling in terrace paddy filed.
(4) We designed and made up the bio-reactor of denitrification to examine activities of denitrifying bacteria in porous media that were flexible against the change in the surrounding environment. Bio-reactor system was available to clean-up of nitrate in water quality control system.
(5) Molecular biological approaches using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and DGGE (Denatured Gradient Gel Electrophoresis) techniques are found to be very useful for analyzing consortia of bacteria in porous media.
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