2002 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Basic Research on transfiguration process from monastery fraternities type to Laymen's fraternity type in 11^<th> century
| Project/Area Number |
13610459
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
History of Europe and America
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| Research Institution | Hachinohe University |
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Principal Investigator |
MAEYAMA Soichiro Hachinohe University, Business, Professor, 商学部, 教授 (80229327)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2002
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| Keywords | Medieval History / Fraternity / Memoria / Corvey / Monastery / Association / Europe / Network |
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| Research Abstract |
This research aims at trying to clarify the actual transfiguration process of two "fraternity" (brotherhood) types. Since 8^<th> century Monks-"fraternity" (or "societas") had been spread all over West Europe. On the other hand Laymens' "fraternity" bloomed in 12^<th> and 13^<th> century. I analyzed some associations named "fidelium fraternitas" (Brotherhood of believers) in villages etc. in estates of Corvey monastery in late 11^<th> and first 12^<th> centuries.
2002 I did the investigation of the historical materials Msc.I 132 at the North Western Archiv in Munster. And I collected existent parts in microfilm. After I came back to Japan, I did decoding work and electronic treatment making electronic data that contains 1350 people.
2003 I did the analysis on the actual phases of "fidelium fraternitas" on the basis of the data. For the purpose the following 3 steps:
1) Verification for Historical materials on the relation between the "name list" and the related materials (Notae Corbeiensi
… More
s) was done. As result, it was proved that 1350 people of the "name list" were the members of 4 "fidelium fraternitas" as a result. (Corvey 2 group, Goslar 1, Wulfelade 1).
2) On basis of this result I analyzed on the actual relations between these "fidelium fraternitas" groups and monastery-organization (abbot and congretatio), also considering the statute of these groups and system of monastery-organization.
3) I can confirm the following point as the common characteristics:
(1) All these "fidelium fraternitas" groups entrusted prayer to Corvey monks, and they contributed for costs of maintenance of church and so on.
(2) Commemoration mass (memoria) is to be held in the specific national holiday for the members of "fidelium fraternitas" groups
(3) In some holidays group members did almgiving activities (elemosina) for their dead members.
In other words, it was found out that these were the association groups that had fundamental purpose of helping and aiding prayer activities of Corvey monks and monastery.
Lastly from view point of association, I treated the subject: actual structural relation between "fidelium fraternitas" groups of end of 11^<th> and first 12^<th> century and Laymen-fraternities in medieval towns since 13 century.
As a result I could reached the phases that "fidelium fraternitas" groups has the peculiar characteristics:
(1) voluntaryformation committed mainly by laymen (believer).
(2) Ground connection type of association (kind of community based association)
(Ortsbruderschaft)
(3) they contained various social classes from view point of occupations from the data.
As a whole I can reached the next conclusion that taking type of new human network, "fidelium fraternitas" groups has fundamentally very common basis with Laymen-fraternities in medieval towns since 13 century. Less
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