2003 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
BIOLOGICAL BASIS OFTHE PSYCHOSOCIALTREATMENTFOR SCHIZOPHRENIA
| Project/Area Number |
13670993
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Psychiatric science
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| Research Institution | Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University |
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Principal Investigator |
KAWASAKI Yasuhiro TOYAMA MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, 附属病院, 講師 (80242519)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TSUNODA Masahiko TOYAMA MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, INSTRUCTOR, 附属病院, 助手 (30322762)
SUZUKI Michio TOYAMA MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 医学部, 助教授 (40236013)
KURACHI Masayoshi TOYAMA MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, PROFESSOR, 医学部, 教授 (80019603)
MATSUI Mie TOYAMA MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, 医学部, 助教授 (70209485)
HAGINO Hirofumi TOYAMA MEDICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, INSTRUCTOR, 医学部, 助手 (10272915)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2003
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| Keywords | neuropsychiatry / schizophrenia / schizotypal disorder / psychosocial treatment / neuroimaging / magnetic resonance imaging / neuropsychology / neurophysiology |
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| Research Abstract |
In order to elucidate the biological basis of the psychosocial treatment for schizophrenia, structural and physiological neuroimaging studies were conducted using the Statistical Parametric Mapping(SPM) 99. A comprehensive assessment throughout the brain using the voxel-based morphometry showed structural differences in the gray matter of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Results indicated that schizotypal disorder possesses similar but less extent morphological abnormalities to schizophrenia. Observed commonalities of gray matter reductions in the orbital frontal, medial temporal and periventricular regions may represent the vulnerability to schizophrenia, and additional involvement of the medial frontal regions may be essential to develop the florid psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. These suggested the temporo-frontal two-step processes for the development of schizophrenia : the temporal lobe changes may constitute vulnerability to schizophrenia and additional changes in the fronta
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l lobes may elicit psychotic symptoms. Moreover, we studied the possibility of diagnosis of schizophrenia using neuroimaging methods. A principal component analysis of SPM99 extracted patterns of gray matter changes differentiating most among schizophrenia, schizotypal, and control subject groups. The first pattern separated patient scans from healthy comparison scans, and the second pattern discriminated patients with schizophrenia from patients with schizotypal disorder. The auditory event-related potential was evaluated using the Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography(LORETA). Patterns of cortical activation maxima in the P300-timeframe differentiating schizophrenia patients from controls were extracted using a principal component analysis. Neurophysiological pattern also demonstrated pathognomonic abnormalities in the medial prefrontal region. These results indicate that the neuroimaging approach to elucidate brain pathologies of schizophrenia spectrum disorder might be of value for clinical diagnosis. Less
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