2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Research on evolutionary bases of cultural competence
| Project/Area Number |
14310048
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
教育・社会系心理学
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| Research Institution | HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
KAMEDA Tatsuya Hokkaido University, Grad.School of Letters, Prof., 大学院・文学研究科, 教授 (20214554)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YUKI Masaki Hokkaido University, Grad.School of Letters, Asso.Prof., 大学院・文学研究科, 助教授 (50301859)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Keywords | Cultural learning / Adaptation / Evolutionary games / Evolutionarily stable equilibrium / Free-riders |
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| Research Abstract |
Social/cultural learning is an effective way to reduce uncertainty about the environment, helping individuals adopt an adaptive behavior cheaply. Although this is evident for learning about temporally stable targets, such as acquisition of a skill in avoiding toxic foods, the utility of social/cultural learning in a temporally unstable environment is less clear, since knowledge acquired by social learning may be outdated. This research addressed the adaptive value of social/cultural learning in a nonstationary environment both theoretically and empirically. We first conducted an evolutionary computer simulation that extended Henrich and Boyd's [Evol.Hum.Behav.19(1998)215.] model of cultural transmission, with the following results. When individual learning about the nonstationary environment is costly, a mixed equilibrium emerges in the population, where members who engage in costly individual learning and members who skip the information search and free-ride on other members' search efforts coexist at a stable ratio. Such a "producer-scrounger" structure qualifies effectiveness of social/cultural learning severely, especially "conformity bias" when using social information. We then tested these propositions by an experiment implementing a nonstationary uncertain environment in a laboratory. The results supported our thesis.
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[Journal Article] Social stress-induced cortisol elevation acutely impairs social memory.2004
Author(s)
Takahashi, T., Ikeda, K., Ishikawa, M., Tsukasaki, T., Nakama, D., Tanida, S., Kameda, T.
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Journal Title
Neuroscience Letters 363
Pages: 125-130
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Book] 現代の社会心理学2004
Author(s)
佐伯胖, 亀田達也
Total Pages
170
Publisher
共立出版
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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