2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
PATHOGENESIS OF INFLUENZAL ENCEPHALITIS/ENCEPHALOPATHY
| Project/Area Number |
14360182
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Applied veterinary science
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
UMEMURA Takashi Hokkaido Univ., Grad.School of Vet.Med., Prof., 大学院・獣医学研究科, 教授 (00151936)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Keywords | Influenza / Influenza virus / Influenzal encephalopathy / Aujezky virus / Transneural Spread / Viral encephalitis / Intrathecal vaccination / Reye's syndrome |
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| Research Abstract |
Demonstration of neural spread of influenza virus(IFV)
Intranasally inoculated highly pathogenic IFV to mice invaded medulla oblongata and thoracic cord possibly via vagal and/or sympathetic nerves (Vet Microbiol,2003). Inoculation of IFV to unilaterally vagectomized mice demonstrated the virus invades brain stem through vagal nerve(Vet Pathol,2004). Transneural transmission of IFV was examined using compartmentalized cultures of neurons from mouse dorsal root ganglia, the results were compared with those obtained using the pseudorabies virus. The results indicated that IFV can be spread transneurally and the transmission is independent of axonal transport using microtubules (J Gen Viral,2005).
Persistent infection of IFV
Viral antigen, viral genomes and encephalitis persisted for not longer than 48 days in mice brain after intranasal inoculation of IFV. However the virus was not recovered from the brain.
Experimental reproduction of Reyes' s syndrome
The cause of Reye's syndrome, acute enc
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ephalopathy of childhood is suspected of IFV infection and antipyretic treatment. The effects of antipyretics (aspirin and voltaren) on avian and murine models of influenzal encephalitis/encephalopathy were examined. Antipyretic treatment did not affect murine model (transneural spread model of IFV), whereas the treatment enhanced avian encephalitis/encephalopathy (hematogeneous spread model of IFV). Voltaren exaggerated the lesion more prominently than aspirin(J Vet Med Sci,2004).
Intrathecal immunization
Inactivated IFV or Aujezky virus were inoculated intrathecally (inoculation into cerebrospinal fluid) or subcutaneously in rabbits and mice. Antibody in cerebrospinal fluid was raised only by intrathecal immunization. Intrathecal immunization using inactivated Aujezky virus protected mice completely from clinical signs, pathological changes and death due to intramuscular inoculation of Aujezky virus. The results indicated the efficacy of intrathecal immunization against the viruses which invade central nervous system from invasion sites through the peripheral nerves. Less
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Research Products
(10 results)
