2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Morphological diversity in Neanderthal and modern human skeleton as viewed from Dederiyeh Neanderthal
| Project/Area Number |
14540660
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
人類学(含生理人類学)
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| Research Institution | University of the Ryukyus |
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Principal Investigator |
ISHIDA Hajime University of the Ryukyus, Faculty of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (70145225)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HANIHARA Tsunehiko Saga University, School of Medicine, Professor, 医学部, 教授 (00180919)
KONDO Osamu The University of Tokyo, Department of Biological Science, Associate Professor, 大学院・理学系研究科, 助教授 (40244347)
ZUKERAN Chosei University of the Ryukyus, Faculty of Medicine, Instructor, 医学部, 助手 (70136901)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Keywords | Neanderthal / Cranium / Child / Growth / Modern human |
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| Research Abstract |
Two Dederiyeh Neanderthal children of about two years old from Syria were compared with other Neanderthal(N=10), Skhul-Qafzeh(N=4) and modern children(N=89) through univariate statistical analysis of cranial measurements to evaluate the ontogenetic, phylogenetic patterns and variations in early stages of development. We calculated the Z-scores and associated probabilities for each fossil specimen using the standard deviation of modern residuals.
Several conspicuous features of Neanderthals, including high orbits, low nasiofrontal angle, wide bi-dc breadth, large maximum occipital breadth and wide nasal bone, are recognized in the Dederiyeh children even from the early developmental stage of two years old. The developmental patterns observed here are comparable to those based on geometric morphometric analyses showing early manifestation of a taxonomic difference in cranial morphology between Neanderthals and modern humans.
However, close inspection of the growth profile demonstrates two different patterns in the measurement items. The first one is the almost parallel course of development showing an early indication of the taxonomic difference by at least two years of age. The second is indistinguishable between Neanderthals and modern humans showing the absence of a clear difference during ontogeny. The second includes a diverging pattern indicating a possible rapid development in Neanderthals during early childhood between about 2 to 4 years of age. The last subdivision is attributable to the masticatory complex.
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Research Products
(24 results)
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[Journal Article] A Summary of the Stratigraphic Sequence.2003
Author(s)
Akazawa T, S Muhesen, Y Dodo, H Ishida, O Kondo, M Yoneda, C Griggo
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Journal Title
Neanderthal Burials-Excavations of the Dederiyeh Cave Afrin Syria(ed.T.Akazawa, S.Muhesen(Auckland : KW Publications)
Pages: 15-32
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Excavations of Dederiyeh Cave, Syria : A history of the past ten years.2002
Author(s)
Akazawa T, Muhesen S, Dodo Y, Ishida H, Kondo O, Griggo C.
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Journal Title
Recent Advances in Anthropology and Primatology.(Ishida H, Nakatsukasa M, Ogiwara N, editors)(Kinseisha, Kyoto)
Pages: 23-26
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Computer-assisted reconstruction of the Dederiyeh Neanderthal infants. I : cranium and mandible.2002
Author(s)
Zollikofer CPE, Ponce de Leon MS, Kondo O, Ishida H, Suzuki H, Kobayashi Y, Tsuchiya K, Akazawa T.
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Journal Title
Recent Advances in Anthropology and Primatology.(Ishida H, Nakatsukasa M, Ogiwara N, editors)(Kinseisha, Kyoto)
Pages: 31-34
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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