2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Circannual Change in Human
| Project/Area Number |
15207024
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
生理人類学
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| Research Institution | Osaka City University |
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Principal Investigator |
SONE Yoshiaki Graduate School of Osaka City University, Department of Human Life Science, Professor, 大学院生活科学研究科, 教授 (60145802)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
HIROTA Naoko Nagano Prefectural College, Department of Human Life Science, Associate Professor, 生活科学科, 助教授 (60218857)
NIIHIRA Shizuhiro Graduate School of Osaka City University, Department of Human Life Science, Professor, 大学院生活科学研究科, 教授 (50171369)
KIMURA Kayo Graduate School of Osaka City University, Department of Human Life Science, Lecturer, 大学院生活科学研究科, 講師 (00336794)
OGINO Tomoe Graduate School of Osaka City University, Department of Human Life Science, Assistant, 大学院生活科学研究科, 助手 (80336792)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Keywords | Seasonality / Gastrointestinal Activity / Breath Hydrogen Test / Dietary Carbohydrate / Digestion and Absorption / Electrogastrography / Food Consumption Pattern / Dietary Life |
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| Research Abstract |
(1)We conducted a dietary survey on 97 subjects to reveral a desirable diet for the middle-aged people. The nutrient intakes and food consumption patterns were investigated by a DHQ (Dietary History Questionnaire). The percentage of the first group was less than 50%, the second was 50% or more but less than 60% and the third was more than 60%. Some problems concerning nutritional condition were found in the first and the third groups. Therefore, we concluded that the 50% or more but less than 60% is an appropriate index on the carbohydrate percentage of total energy intake for the middle-aged and aged people.
(2)We studied life of elderly people from the viewpoint of food consumption pattern using a dietary questionnaire asking them their daily food consumption patterns as well as their dietary styles. These results indicate that our advance society needs to provide more efficient nutritional education and dietary support to the elderly as well as to young men to improve their quality o
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f life in their later years. In addition, we found a difference in the amount of vegetables consumed but no significant difference in the consumption of other food groups between urban and rural dietary habits. This fact indicates that in the dietary habits between urban and rural areas, except the consumption of vegetables, which the rural elderly can provide for themselves.
(3)We measured the amount of dietary carbohydrate unabsorbed from the intestine after a breakfast in normal Japanese subjects during the four seasons of the year 2004. Wesummarize the results as the following. (1) In no season were there any significant differences between the two sub-groups in the orocecal transit time of the breakfast and the lactosucrose colution. Nor were there any significant differences in the amount of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate from the breakfast. (2) Using pooled data, there were no significant seasonal variations in the orocecal transit time of the breakfast or the lactosucrose solution. (3) There was a significant seasonal variation in the amount of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate from the breakfast. (4) The amount of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate from the breakfast was largest in winter and smallest in autumn. Results in spring and in summer were similar and intermediate between those in winter and in autumn. Post hoc multiple comparison tests showed the amount of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate in winter was significantly larger than that in autumn. (5) In winter, the average ratio of the amount of unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate to the total amount of carbohydrate in the breakfast was about 12%, whilst in summer, it was about 6%
(4)We have been comparing the efficiency of carbohydrate absorption using the breath hydrogen test in Japan and Poland. Here, we report the comparison of the result obtained in the summer of 2004 as the following; (1) Orocecal transit time (OCTT) for indigestible trisacchairde of Japanese subjects was significantly longer than that in Poland (p=0.043). (2) On the ingestion of minestrone, the amount of unabsorbed carbohydrate of Japanese subjects (which was estimated as trisacchairde equivalent) was significantly larger than that of Polish subjects (p=0.006).
(5)We recorded gastric myoelectrical activity before and after the breakfasts. In the current report, we describe the seasonality of gastric myoelectrical activity. Twenty six Japanese female subjects were studied in winter, spring, summer and autumn. The cutaneous electrogastrogram was analysed by spectral analysis to compute the pre-and post-prandial dominant slow wave frequency (DF), and percentage of the 2-4 cpm gastric slow wave (Normal%). Two-factor ANOVA indicated that there was no significant seasonal variation in DF and Normal%. These results indicate that seasonal variations in digestion and absorption of dietary carbohydrate are caused by factors other than gastric and small intestinal motility. Less
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Research Products
(2 results)
