2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Analysis of Parthenocarpy in Fruits
| Project/Area Number |
15208004
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Horticulture/Landscape architecture
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| Research Institution | National Agricultural Research Organization |
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Principal Investigator |
WADA Masato National Agricultural Research Organization, National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Apple Breeding and Physiology Research Team, Senior Researcher (40241773)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KOMORI Sadao Iwate University, Faculty of Agriculture, Associate professor (00333758)
MATSUMOTO Shogo Gifu University, Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Professor (90241489)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2006
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| Keywords | apple / parthenocarpy / mutation of class B / MdPISTILLATA(MdPI) / MADS genes / MdMADS13 |
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| Research Abstract |
1) Several apple mutants are known to produce only apetalous flowers that readily go on to develop into parthenocarpic fruit. Flower phenotypes of these apple mutants are strikingly similar to those of the Arabidopsis mutant pistillata (pi), which produces flowers where petals are transformed sepals and stamens to carpels. This PI is categorized as class B gene on floral organogenesis. The PI homolog of apple gene, MdPI, was abolished the expression in the mutant cultivars. The expression of MdPI in normal apple was limited at stamens and petals. It was so difficult to be connected with the parthenocarpy. The apple MdPI has same characters as the PI homologs from other plants. It suggests that the PI gene family is highly conservative in flower evolution.
2) The MdPI belongs to the transcription regulators, MADS gene family. Several MADS genes are known to function of floral organogenesis. The MdTM6 and MdMADS13 which belong to MADS gene family and class B gene were cloned successfully.
… More
The expression of the MdMADS13 showed that remarkable decrease was observed in the parthenocarpic cultivars, and in situ hybridization showed the expression localized at ovary and ovule related with fruiting.
3) To access the function of MdPI or MdMADS13 about the parthenocarpy, the vector constructed with suppression or promotion of MdPI or MdMADS13 was transfected into normal apple cultivars. It had been very difficult to get apple transformants so far, but we improved the methods of the transformation and culture conditions. Then the improvement resulted on high ratio of transformation of apple. Then the normal apple cultivars transformed by the antisense expression or the silencing of MdPI gene were obtained successfully. And in addition, the apples transformed by the antisense expression of MdMADS13 or MdTM6 were obtained
4) The function of the genes will be clarified after these transgenic apples bloomed and set fruits. But Apple is a sort of perennial plants and takes a several years to the bloom. Then an early flowering apple was required for analysis. We succeeded that the transgenic apple by early flowering gene bloomed within 2 or 3 years after the transformation. Less
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[Journal Article] Functional analysis of MdPI,the PISTILLATA gene homologue of apple,in Arabidopsis2007
Author(s)
Tanaka, N., Wada, M., Komori, S., Bessho, H., Suzuki, A.
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Journal Title
J.Jap.Soc.Hort.Sci. 76
Pages: 125-132
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Parent identification of eight apple cultivars by S-RNase analysis and simple sequence repeat markers2005
Author(s)
Kitahara, K., Matsumoto, S., Yamamoto, T., Soejima, J., Kimura, T., Komatsu, H., Abe, K.
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Journal Title
HortScience 40
Pages: 314-317
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Molecular characterization of apple cultivars in Japan by S-RNase analysis and SSR markers2005
Author(s)
Kitahara, K., Matsumoto, S., Yamamoto, T., Soejima, J., Kimura, T., Komatsu, H., Abe, K.
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Journal Title
J.Amer.Soc.Hort.Sci. 130
Pages: 885-892
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Transgenic apple transformed by sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase cDNA:Switch between sorbitl and sucrose supply due to its gene expression2004
Author(s)
Kanamaru, N., Ito, Y., Komori, S., Saito, M., Kato, H., Takahashi, S., Omura, M., Soejima, J., Shiratake, K., Yamada, K., Yamaki, S.
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Journal Title
Plant Sci. 167
Pages: 55-61
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] S-allele genotype of apple cultivars and selections2003
Author(s)
Matsumoto, S., Kitahara, K., Furusawa, Y., Soejima, J., Fukui, H., Komatsu, H.
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Journal Title
Acta Hort. 622
Pages: 389-396
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Partial genomic sequences of the S_6-,S_<12>-,S_<13>-,S_<14>-,S_<17>-,S_<19>-,and S<21>-RNase of apple and their allele designations2003
Author(s)
Matsumoto, S., Furusawa, Y., Kitahara, K., Soejima, J.
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Journal Title
Plant Biotech. 20(4)
Pages: 323-329
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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