2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Identification of plant genome segments that change methylation states and its implication for breeding traits
| Project/Area Number |
15380001
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Breeding science
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| Research Institution | HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
KISHIMA Yuji Hokkaido Univ., Grand School of Agr., Asso.Prof, 大学院・農学研究科, 助教授 (60192556)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SANO Yoshio Hokkaido Univ., Grand School of Agr., Prof, 大学院・農学研究科, 教授 (70109528)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Keywords | Plant breeding / DNA metrhylation / epigenetic marker / transposable elements / Rice / Antirrhinum majus / Tam3 / Demethylation |
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| Research Abstract |
In plants, phenotypic variations have generally been found to be caused by genetic changes. However, it has recently been shown that phenotypic variations can also be potentially caused by epigenetic changes due to aberrant methylation states. Unlike that in mammalian genomes, DNA methylation in the plant genome was found to be heritably maintained during both meiotic and mitotic phases. Therefore, an altered methylation state in a plant genomic segment might be transmitted and maintained in the progeny. This study consists of two parts to identify presence of genetic segments with variable methylation state and to understand its mechanism. Firstly, we surveyed genomic segments that change methylation state among different nine rice strains including Japonica, Indica and wild rices. Second, we analyzed demethylation process in Antirrhinum transposon Tam3, of which activity is tightly controlled by temperature and appears to be correlated with its methylation state.
On the first issue, our results showed that the occurrence of epigenetic (epi)-markers in non-polymorphic fragments appeared to be correlated with the genetic distance between any two of the nine rice strains examined. In contrast, the proportion of epi-markers in the total number of fragments, including polymorphic and non-polymorphic fragments, was constant (2-3%) in all the pairs. We assume that the epigenetic differences in methylation among the rice genomes influence certain phenotypic variations.
On the second issue, we found that the methylation level of Tam3 in Antirrhinum is regulated by the Tam3 activity. It is the activity of Tam3, which is dependent on the ability of its transposase to bind DNA, which is affected by growing temperature and the methylation/demethylation of Tam3 is the consequence, not the cause, of transposition.
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[Journal Article] Evidence for an evolutionary force that prevents epigenetic silencing between tail-to-tail rice genes with a short spacer2005
Author(s)
Kobayashi, S., Noro, Y., Nagano, H., Yoshida, K.T., Takano-Shimizu, T., Kishima, Y., Sano, Y.
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Journal Title
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Evidence for an evolutionary force that prevents epigenetic silencing between tail-to-tail rice genes with a short spacer.2005
Author(s)
Kobayashi, S., Noro, Y., Nagano, H., Yoshida, K.T., Takano-Shimizu, T., Kishima, Y., Sano, Y.
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Journal Title
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Reconstruction of putative DNA virus from endogenous rice tungro bacilliform virus-like sequences in the rice genome : implications for integration and evolution.2004
Author(s)
Kunii, M., Kanda, M., Nagano, H., Uyeda, I., Kishima, Y., Sano, Y.
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Journal Title
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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