| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TOMINAGA Teiji Tohoku Univ., Graduate School of Medicine, Professor, 大学院・医学系研究科, 教授 (00217548)
SAITO Tsutomu Muroran Inst.of Technology, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (00302224)
SHIRANE Reizo Tohoku Univ., Graduate School of Medicine, Assistant Professor, 大学院・医学系研究科, 助教授 (30206297)
SUN Mingyu Tohoku Univ., Institute of Fluid Science, Assistant Professor, 流体科学研究所, 助教授 (00311556)
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| Research Abstract |
Cranial deficits secondary to trauma, surgery, infection, or congenital malformation sometimes require cranioplasty to re-establish rigid protections for the underlying brain and to improve cosmetic appearance. Current methods for cranioplasty are mainly based on the concept of"replacing the skull defect", either with or without the aid of foreign bodies. However, problems arise from use of foreign matter and invasiveness, a novel method for cranioplasty not reliant on the use of foreign body with minimal invasion should be developed.
For last two decades, shock waves have been applied, not only for the non-invasive fragmentation of stones at various locations, but also for the fragmentation of artificial bone cement in the hip arthroplasty, and pain management in calcified tendenopathies, attracting attention as a minimally invasive alternative modality. Recently, it has been clinically applied to the treatment of delayed union and non-union of long bones to induce bone formation. This
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has encouraged us to explore the potential of shock waves for closing skull defects less invasively without using foreign material. However, to apply shock waves in the vicinity of brain, there were two major problems to be solved ; one concerning the lack of a suitable shock wave source that can limit shock wave distribution around the target, and the other is the lack of a method for avoiding shock wave propagation beyond the target to ensure safe treatment. In our present study, we have solved both of those problems by developing a compact shock wave generator and brain protection method using Gore-Tex&rreg ; dura substitute. The shock waves were delivered via a holmium yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser-induced cavitational shock wave generator, which was especially designed for use in the vicinity of brain and skull, with an overpressure of 50 bar, at a rate of 3 Hz. We have applied those techniques to see whether they are effective in the closure of a bone defect in the skull of young rats, and present our preliminary results. Present results show the possibility of applying shock wave as an alternative for cranioplasty without using foreign bodies. The result of present study will also be useful for understanding of interaction between neuron and shock waves, and other application, such as shock wave orientated drug delivery system in central nervous system. Less
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