2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Revising Experiments with Unsatisfactory Results in the Science Textbook and Sharing the New Methods with Foreign Researchers

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	15H02910
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	Science education
Research Institution	Chiba University
Principal Investigator	Yamashita Shuichi 千葉大学, 教育学部, 教授 (10272296)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	加藤徹也千葉大学, 教育学部, 教授 (00224519) 大和政秀千葉大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (00571788) 林英子千葉大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (40218590)
Project Period (FY)	2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords	観察・実験 / 理科 / 改善例 / 定比例の法則 / 体細胞分裂 / 月の満ち欠け
Outline of Final Research Achievements	This study was performed was to identify experiments with unsatisfactory results in science textbooks. In addition, revised experiments that can obtain satisfactory results are proposed. A questionnaire survey was performed among junior high school teachers regarding which of the 88 experiments found in the standard textbook can likely yield results that are similar to those presented in the standard textbook. The questionnaire indicated that the most difficult experiments were those regarding oxidation of metals. We invented a new procedure for this experiment to improve the introduction of the law of definite proportions. The next most difficult of experiments was to observe cell division. We have developed a new method to observe cell division that is easier to conduct for teachers and students. We have also developed new methods to experiments with unsatisfactory results such as moon phases, and shared the methods with foreign science education researchers.
Free Research Field	科学教育
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	理科の観察・実験で工夫しても教科書通りの結果が得られないものが存在し，児童・生徒の観察・実験結果を生かしたまとめができず，理科教員たちを悩ませている状況を鑑み，現職理科教員を対象にした質問紙調査およびインタビューにより，教科書の結果と矛盾してしまう観察・実験を特定した。そして，教科書の結果と矛盾しなくなるように，教科内容専門の研究分担者や海外共同研究者とともに「定比例の法則」や「細胞分裂」などの観察・実験の解決策を開発し，実際の理科授業でその有効性を実証して，その知見を広く国内外で共有した。