Study on fiscal policy and new election system

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 15K03465
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Economic policy
• Research Institution: Hosei University
• Principal Investigator: Oguro Kazumasa 法政大学, 経済学部, 教授 (90598153)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: シルバー民主主義 / 財政赤字 / 世代間格差 / 選挙

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we construct an overlapping generations model to demonstrate how political intervention and interaction in the working and retired generations affect the allocation rate in future-growth-stimulating public investment and the public pension. It also analyzes the possibility of moving to a voting system that allocates parliamentary seats according to life expectancy. The presented results imply the following main findings. First, the voting system is important when population demographics change. Second, when age-based voting turnout disparity is high, a shift from the current voting system to one based on either life expectancy and region or life expectancy and age is possible.

Free Research Field

公共経済学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

日本では昨今、多数派の高齢者層などに配慮した政策を政治が優先的に選択するという「シルバー民主主義仮説」に対する関心が高まっている。その際、「年齢別選挙区」「ドメイン投票方式」や「余命投票方式」等の新しい選挙制度の導入効果に対する関心も高まっているが、このような選挙制度改革が、世代間の資源配分などに及ぼす影響について一定の示唆を得ることができた。