Genomic landscape of colitis-associated cancer indicates the impact of chronic inflammation

2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 15K15301
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Research Field: Gastroenterology
• Research Institution: Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
• Principal Investigator: Nakagawa Hidewaki 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 統合生命医科学研究センター, チームリーダー (50361621)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): MATSUBARA Nakahide 兵庫医科大学, 医学部, 客員教授 (70314672)
• Research Collaborator: FUJITA Masashi 国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 統合生命医科学研究センター, 研究員 (80564749) ; IKEUCHI Hiroki 兵庫医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (80319863)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2017-03-31
• Keywords: がんゲノム / 炎症性腸疾患 / 大腸がん

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We obtained fresh-frozen tumor tissues from 22 colitis-associated cancer (CAC) patients and performed exome sequencing and RNA-Seq. We then selected 43 recurrently mutated genes and performed targeted sequencing on 90 archive specimens from CAC patients.　The most commonly mutated gene in CAC was TP53, whose mutation was found in 66%. APC mutations were found only in 16%, which were associated with differentiated adenocarcinoma, left-sided colitis, and late onset of IBD. On the other hand, mutations of another Wnt-related gene occurred in 11% of CACs and showed significant association with IBD duration, indicating its link to chronic inflammation. CACs showed distinct genetic features from conventional CRCs, while some showed similar features. Mutated genes specific to CACs, especially ones in Wnt signaling, have an implication for stratification and treatment of CAC.

Free Research Field

分子腫瘍学