てんかんの分子病態の解析

2005 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 16109006
• Research Institution: Hirosaki University
• Principal Investigator: 兼子 直 弘前大学, 医学部, 教授 (40106852)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 佐藤 敬 弘前大学, 医学部, 教授 (20125438) ; 岡田 元宏 弘前大学, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (10281916) ; 小島 俊男 理化学研究所, ゲノム情報比較解析研究チーム, チームリーダー (00311340) ; 廣瀬 伸一 福岡大学, 医学部, 教授 (60248515) ; 若林 孝一 弘前大学, 医学部, 教授 (50240768)
• Keywords: ゲノム / シグナル伝達 / 神経科学 / 脳神経疾患 / 遺伝子

Research Abstract

1 てんかんの遺伝子およびCYP、Transporter(MDRI)遺伝子の多型解析:てんかんの網羅的遺伝子解析により、熱性痙攣プラス、乳児重症ミオクローヌスてんかん、良性家族性新生児けいれん、夜間前頭葉てんかんで新たな遺伝子を6種同定した。良性新生児けいれんでKCNQ2(de novo)およびKCNQ3の新たな変異を見いだし、その機能を解析中である。日本人若年性ミオクロニーてんかんの新たな遺伝子を同定した。CYP(n=423),MDR1(n=317)遺伝子の多型解析を行った。
2 分子病態解析:我々が同定した常染色体優性夜間前頭葉てんかんの遺伝子(CHRNA4)を組み込んだ遺伝子改変ラット(S284L-TG)を作出し、ヒトと同じ3種の発作型を起こすことを確認した上で、その分子病態を解析した(論文投稿中)。新たにCHRNA4の変異を組み込んだラットを作成し(V287LとV287Mは作出済み、S280FおよびinsLは作成中)、KCNQ2ノックインマウスは作出した。近く、これらの発作確認、脳波記録を行い、その分子病態解析を開始する。
3 抗てんかん薬(AED)の作用機序解析:Valproate(VPA)、carbamazepine(CBZ)、zonisamide(ZNS>、および新規抗てんかん薬topiramateの作用機序を解析した。
4 臨床効果判定:VPA、CBZ、ZNS単剤で治療中のてんかん患者で臨床効果(発作、脳波)、AED血中濃度、CYP、Transporter遺伝子の多型を解析中である。VPA徐放性製剤2種類の体内薬物動態と生物学的同等性の比較検討を行った。
5 てんかん関連膜貫通タンパク質遺伝子の網羅的検出:てんかん、熱性けいれんの遺伝子を絞り込む目的で、イオンチャネルなどの膜貫通タンパク質に注目し、責任遺伝子候補を抽出中である。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] How to obtain multiple alignments in which transmembrane segment regions are well aligned without inserted (2006)
  • Author(s): Kimura T, Ohta T, Nishio T, Shimizu T
  • Journal Title: Chem-Bio Informatics Journal, under revision. (in press)
• [Journal Article] Analysis of tandem repeats found in 44 prokaryotic genomes (2006)
  • Author(s): Mizuta S, Munakata H, Aimaiti A, Oya I, Oosawa K, Shimizu T
  • Journal Title: In Silico Biology (in press) (accepted.)
• [Journal Article] Brain-type creatine kinase activates neuron-apecific K^+-Cl^-co-transporter KCC2. (2006)
  • Author(s): Inoue K, Yamada J, Ueno S, Fukuda A
  • Journal Title: J Neurochem 96 Pages: 598-608
• [Journal Article] Cytometric analysis of lidocaine-induced cytotoxicity : A model experiment using rat thymocytes. (2006)
  • Author(s): Nishimura Y, Kanada A, Yamaguchi J, Horimoto K, Kobayashi M, Tatsuishi T, Kanemura K, Ueno S, Oyama Y
  • Journal Title: Toxicology 218 Pages: 48-57
• [Journal Article] Oligodendrocytes within astrocytes ("emperipolesis") in the cerebral white matter in hepatic and hypoglycemic encephalopathy. (2006)
  • Author(s): Nishie M, Mori F, Houzen H, Yamaguchi J, Jensen PH, Wakabayashi K.
  • Journal Title: Neuropathology 26 Pages: 62-65
• [Journal Article] Co-localization of β-peptide and phosphorylated tau in astrocytes in a patient with corticobasal degeneration. (2006)
  • Author(s): Wakabayashi K, Mori F, Hasegawa M, Kusumi T, Yoshimura I, Takahashi H, Kaneko S.
  • Journal Title: Neuropathology 26 Pages: 66-71
• [Journal Article] Involvement of Ca^<2+>-induced Ca^<2+> releasing system in interleukin-1 β-associated adenosine release. (2006)
  • Author(s): Zhu G, Okada M, Yoshida S, Mori F, Hirose S, Wakabayashi K, Kaneko S.
  • Journal Title: Eur J Pharmacol 532 Pages: 246-252
• [Journal Article] Effect of vasoconstricotr coupling factor 6 on gene expression profile in human vascular endothelial cells : enhanced release of asymmetric dimethylarginine. (2006)
  • Author(s): Tanaka M, Osanai T, Murakami R, Sasaki S, Tomita H, Maeda N, Satoh K, Magota K, Okumura K
  • Journal Title: J Hypertens 24 Pages: 489-497
• [Journal Article] Characterization of an exchangeable gene trap using pU-17 carrying a stop codon-bgeo cassette. (2006)
  • Author(s): Taniwaki, T., Haruna, K., Nakamura, H., Sekimoto, T., Oike, Y., Imaizumi, T., Saito, F., Muta, M., Soejima, Y., Utoh, A., Nakagata, N., Araki, M., Yamamura, K., Araki, K.
  • Journal Title: Develop Growth Differ 47 Pages: 163-172
• [Journal Article] A novel murine gene, Sickle tail (Skt), linked to the Danforth's short tail (Sd) locus, is required for normal development of the intervertebral disc (2006)
  • Author(s): Semba, K., Araki, K., Li, Z., Matsumoto, K., Suzuki, M., Nakagata, N., Takagi, K., Takeya, M., Yoshinobu, K., Araki, M., Imai, K., Abe, K., Yamamura, K.
  • Journal Title: Genetics 172 Pages: 445-456
• [Journal Article] Impaired expression of Importin/karyopherin beta1 leads to post-implantation lethality. (2006)
  • Author(s): Miura, K., Yoshinobu, K., Imaizumi, T., Haruna, K., Miyamoto, Y., Yoneda, Y., Nakagata, N., Araki, M., Miyakawa, T., Yamamura, K., Araki, K.
  • Journal Title: Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 341 Pages: 132-138
• [Journal Article] Biphasic action of topiramate on monoamine exocytosis associated with both soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors and Ca^<2+>-induced Ca^<2+>-releasing systems. (2005)
  • Author(s): Okada M, Yoshida S, Zhu G, Hirose S, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Neuroscience 134 Pages: 233-246
• [Journal Article] Genetics of idiopathic epilepsies. (2005)
  • Author(s): Hirose S, Mitsudome A, Okada M, Kaneko S, on behalf of The Epilepsy Study Group, Japan
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 1) Pages: 38-43
• [Journal Article] Effects of ryanodine receptor activation on neurotransmitter release and neuronal cell death following kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. (2005)
  • Author(s): Mori F, Okada M, Tomiyama M, Kaneko S, Wakabayashi K
  • Journal Title: Epilepsy Res 65(1-2) Pages: 59-70
• [Journal Article] Effects of zonisamide on neurotransmitter exocytosis associated with ryanodine receptors. (2005)
  • Author(s): Yoshida S, Okada M, Zhu G, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsy Res 67(3) Pages: 153-162
• [Journal Article] Localisation of missense mutations in SCN1A affects epilepsy phenotype severity. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kanai K, Hirose S, Oguni H, Fukuma G, Shirasaka Y, Miyajima T, Kuwabara S, Wada K, Iwasa H, Yasumoto S, Ito M, Hattori T, Mitsudome A, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Neurology Asia 9(Suppl 1) Pages: 144
• [Journal Article] Mutations of KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 identified in benign neonatal convulsions cause channel dysfunction despite proper expression on the cell membrane. (2005)
  • Author(s): Ishii A, Fukuma G, Yasukochi M, Uehara A, Miyajima T, Hamachi A, Yonetani M, Kaneko S, Mitsudome A, Hirose S
  • Journal Title: Neurology Asia 9(Suppl 1) Pages: 146
• [Journal Article] Possible pathogenesis of severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy : A novel nonsense mutation of GABRG2 leading to aggregation of GABA receptors in neurons. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kanaumi T, Fukuma G, Ueno S, Ishii A, Haga Y, Hamachi A, Yonetani M, Itoh M, Takashima S, Kaneko S, Mitsudome A, Hirose S
  • Journal Title: Neurology Asia 9(Suppl 1) Pages: 151
• [Journal Article] Down-regulation of CICR gene expression by carbamazepine, via stimulation of CICR associated monoamine exocytosis. (2005)
  • Author(s): Okada M, Yoshida S, Zhu G, Ueno S, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: J Pharmacol Sci 97(Suppl 1) Pages: 78
• [Journal Article] Zonisamido at clinically relevant concentrations inhibits evoked EPSP but not presynaptic fiber volley in rat frontal cortex. (2005)
  • Author(s): Huang CW, Ueno S, Okada M, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: J Pharmacol Sci 97(Suppl 1) Pages: 268
• [Journal Article] Age-Dependent impaiement of GABAergic transmission in μ3B knockout mice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Zhu G, Okada M, Mori F, Nakatsu F, Yoshida S, Wakabayashi K, Ohno H, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 2) Pages: 2
• [Journal Article] A novel de novo KCNQ2 mutation in a sporadic case of benign neomatal convulsions. (2005)
  • Author(s): Ishii Ai, Fukuma G, Uehara A, Miyajima T, Makita Y, Hamachi A, Yasukochi M, Inoue T, Okada M, Kaneko S, Akihisa M, Hirose S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 2) Pages: 3-4
• [Journal Article] Effects of carbamazepine on mechanism of Ca2+-induced Ca2+ releasing system-associated exocytosis. (2005)
  • Author(s): Okada M, Zhu Gang, Yoshida S, Mori F, Wakabayashi K, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 2) Pages: 15-16
• [Journal Article] Epileptic seizure in mice deficient in μ3B subunit of AP-3B complex. (2005)
  • Author(s): Nakatsu F, Okada M, Mori F, Kumazawa N, Iwasa H, Zhu G, Kasagi Y, Kamiya H, Harada A, Nishimura K, Takeuchi A, Miyazaki T, Watanabe M, Yasa D, Manabe T, Wakabayashi K, Kaneko S, Saito T, Ohno H
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 2) Pages: 67-68
• [Journal Article] Impairment of monoaminergic transmission in μ3B knockout mice. (2005)
  • Author(s): Zhu G, Okada M, Nakatsu F, Mori F, Yoshida S, Wakabayashi K, Ohno H, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 3) Pages: 11-12
• [Journal Article] Identification of the gene responsible for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. (2005)
  • Author(s): Suzuki T, Delgado-Escueta VA, Aguan K, Shi J, Hara Y, Nishida M, Numata T, Takeuchi T, Bai D, Inoue Y, Osawa M, Kaneko S, Oguni H, Mori Y, Yamakawa K
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(Suppl 3) Pages: 15-16
• [Journal Article] てんかん -責任遺伝子解明の進展とその後の課題- (2005)
  • Author(s): 兼子 直, 金井数明, 岡田元宏, 桑原聡, 廣瀬伸一
  • Journal Title: 実験医学 23(5) Pages: 776-781
• [Journal Article] ヒトてんかんと同じ遺伝子異常をもつ組換え動物の作出 (2005)
  • Author(s): 岡田元宏, 朱 剛, 上野伸哉, 吉田淑子, 福間五龍, 廣瀬伸一, 兼子 直
  • Journal Title: 精神薬療研究年報 37 Pages: 160-164
• [Journal Article] てんかんにおける認知障害とその分子基盤-遺伝子異常との関連を含めて- (2005)
  • Author(s): 岩佐博人, 兼子 直
  • Journal Title: 分子精神医学 5(3) Pages: 284-290
• [Journal Article] てんかんの分子遺伝学研究のUp to date (2005)
  • Author(s): 兼子 直, 金井数明, 福間五龍, 岡田元宏, 桑原 聡, 廣瀬伸一
  • Journal Title: ゲノム医学 5(3) Pages: 241-245
• [Journal Article] てんかんの薬物療法における新たな視点-オーダーメイド治療の可能性と課題- (2005)
  • Author(s): 岩佐博人, 兼子 直
  • Journal Title: 神経進歩 49(5) Pages: 745-756
• [Journal Article] メンデル型遺伝を示すてんかん症候群 -チャネル病を中心に- (2005)
  • Author(s): 兼子 直, 和田一丸
  • Journal Title: 精神科治療学 20(Suppl) Pages: 364-366
• [Journal Article] 徐放性バルプロ酸ナトリウム製剤(セレニカ【○!R】R錠200mg,デパケン【○!R】R錠R200)の体内薬物動態と生物学的同等性の比較検討 (2005)
  • Author(s): 古郡規雄, 近藤 毅, 兼子 直
  • Journal Title: Pharma Medica 23(12) Pages: 71-75
• [Journal Article] How accurately G-protein-coupled receptors can be discriminated as 7-tms TM protein sequences from others? (2005)
  • Author(s): Inoue Y, Yamazaki Y, Shimizu T
  • Journal Title: Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun 338 Pages: 1542-1546
• [Journal Article] A proteome-wide analysis of domain architectures of prokaryotic single-spanning transmembrane proteins (2005)
  • Author(s): Arai M, Fukushi T, Satake M, Shimizu T
  • Journal Title: Comput.Biol.Chem 29 Pages: 379-387
• [Journal Article] Model analysis of surfactant-polymer interaction as cooperative ligand binding to linear lattice (2005)
  • Author(s): Nishio T, Shimizu T
  • Journal Title: Biophysical Chemistry 117 Pages: 19-25
• [Journal Article] Characterization of newly cloned variant of rat glycine receptor α1 subunit. (2005)
  • Author(s): Inoue K, Ueno S, Yamada J, Fukuda A
  • Journal Title: Biochem Biophy Rea Comm 327 Pages: 300-305
• [Journal Article] Zonisamide at clinically relevant concentrations inhibits field EPSP but not presynaptic fiber volley in rat frontal cortex. (2005)
  • Author(s): Huang CW, Ueno S, Okada M, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsy Res 67 Pages: 51-60
• [Journal Article] Differential functional expression of cation-C1^- cotransporter mRNAs (KCC1, KCC2, and NKCC1) in rat trigeminal nervous system. (2005)
  • Author(s): Toyoda H, Yamada J, Ueno S., Okabe A, Kato H, Sato K, Hashimoto K, Fukuda A
  • Journal Title: Molecular Brain Res 133 Pages: 12-18
• [Journal Article] Accumulation of NEDD8 in neuronal and glial inclusions of neurodegenerative disorders. (2005)
  • Author(s): Mori F, Nishie M, Piao Y-S, Kito K, Kamitani T, Takahashi H, Wakabayashi K
  • Journal Title: Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 31 Pages: 53-61
• [Journal Article] Peculiar venous lesions in fatal hyponatremic brain edema (2005)
  • Author(s): Nishie M, Mori F, Tomita T, Nishijima M, Kaimori M, Wakabayashi K
  • Journal Title: Neuropathology 25 Pages: 95-98
• [Journal Article] Frontotemporal dementia with co-occurrence of astrocytic plaques and tufted astrocytes, and severe degeneration of the cerebral white matter : a variant of corticobasal degeneration? (2005)
  • Author(s): Tan C-F, Piao Y-S, Kakita A, Yamada M, Takano H, Tanaka M, Mano A, Makino K, Nishizawa M, Wakabayashi K, Takahashi H
  • Journal Title: Acta Neuropathol 109 Pages: 329-338
• [Journal Article] Cardiac sympathetic denervation precedes neuronal loss in the sympathetic ganglia in Lewy body disease. (2005)
  • Author(s): Orimo S, Amino T, Itoh Y, Takahashi A, Kojo T, Uchihara T, Tsuchiya K, Mori F, Wakabayashi K, Takahashi H.
  • Journal Title: Acta Neuropathol 109 Pages: 583-588
• [Journal Article] An autopsy case of early ("minimal change") olivopontocerebellar atrophy (multiple system atrophy-cerebellar). (2005)
  • Author(s): Wakabayashi K, Mori F, Nishie M, Oyama Y, Kurihara A, Yoshimoto M, Kuroda N.
  • Journal Title: Acta Neuropathol 110 Pages: 185-190
• [Journal Article] Rhabdoid cystic papillary meningioma with diffuse subarachnoid dissemination. (2005)
  • Author(s): Wakabayashi K, Suzuki N, Mori F, Kamada M, Hatanaka M.
  • Journal Title: Acta Neuropathol 110 Pages: 196-198
• [Journal Article] Double-stranded RNA induces the synthesis of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I in vascular endothelial cells. (2005)
  • Author(s): Imaizumi T, Hatakeyama M, Yamashita K, Ishikawa A, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Taima K, Mori F, Wakabayashi K.
  • Journal Title: Endothelium 12 Pages: 133-137
• [Journal Article] Disseminated intraparenchymal microgranulomas in the brainstem in a case of CNS sarcoidosis ("sarcoid brainstem encephalitis"). (2005)
  • Author(s): Nishie M, Mori F, Suzuki C, Ogawa M, Kurahashi K, Kaimori M, Wakabayashi K.
  • Journal Title: Neuropathology 25 Pages: 361-364
• [Journal Article] Double-stranded RNA stimulates the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells. (2005)
  • Author(s): Taima K, Takanashi S, Okumura K, Imaizumi T, Kumagai M, Ishikawa A, Yoshida H, Satoh K, Fujita T
  • Journal Title: Exp Lung Res 31(3) Pages: 361-375
• [Journal Article] Involvement of RIG-I in IFN-γ/STAT1 signaling pathway in BEAS-2B cells (2005)
  • Author(s): Imaizumi T, Kumagai M, Taima K, Fujita T, Yoshida H, Satoh K
  • Journal Title: Eur Resp J 25(6) Pages: 1077-1083
• [Journal Article] Double-stranded RNA induces the synthesis of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I in vascular endothelial cells. (2005)
  • Author(s): Imaizumi T, Mori F, Hatakeyama M, Yamashita K, Ishikawa A, Taima K, Yoshida H, Wakabayashi K, Satoh K
  • Journal Title: Endothelium 12(3) Pages: 133-137
• [Journal Article] Effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ ligands on the expression of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I in endothelial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. (2005)
  • Author(s): Imaizumi T, Yamashita K, Taima K, Ishikawa A, Yoshida H, Satoh K
  • Journal Title: Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 78(1-4) Pages: 46-54
• [Journal Article] Genetics of idiopathic epilepsies. (2005)
  • Author(s): Hirose S, Mitsudome A, Okada M, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Epilepsia 46(1) Pages: 38-43
• [Journal Article] Mutation in the NHLRC1 gene are the common causefor Lafora disease in the Japanese population. (2005)
  • Author(s): Singh S, Suzuki T, Uchiyama A, Kumada S, Moriyama N, Hirose S, Takahashi Y, Sugie H, Mizoguchi K, Inoue Y, Kimura K, Sawaishi Y, Yamakawa K, Ganesh S
  • Journal Title: J Hum Genet 50 Pages: 347-352
• [Journal Article] Screening method for organic aciduria by spectrofluorometric measurement of total dicarboxyloc acids in human urine based on intramolecular excimer-forming fluroscence derivatization. (2005)
  • Author(s): Yoshida H, Araki J, Sonoda J, Nohta H, Ishida J, Hirose S, Yamaguchi M
  • Journal Title: Anal Chimica Acta 534 Pages: 177-183
• [Journal Article] Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency due to a novel gene variant a patient with phabdomyolysis and ARF. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kaneko H, Uesugi N, Moriguchi A, Hirose S, Takayanagi M, Yamaguchi S, Shigematsu Y, Yasuno T, Sasatomi Y, Sait T
  • Journal Title: Am J Kidney Dis 45 Pages: 596-602
• [Journal Article] Seven myoclonic epilepsy in infants -clinical analysis and relation to SCN1A, mutations. (2005)
  • Author(s): Oguni H, Hayashi K, Osawa M, Awaya Y, Fukuyama Y, Fukuma G, Hirose S, Mitsudome A, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Adv Neurol 95 Pages: 103-117
• [Journal Article] Neuropathological findings in a child with methymalonic academia. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kanaumi T, Takahashi S, Hirose S, Kodama T, Iwasaki H, Mitsudome A
  • Journal Title: Pediatr Neurol (in press)
• [Journal Article] An infant with a mitochondrial A3243G mutation demonstrating the MELAS phenotype running title : An infant of MELAS phenotype. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kanaumi T, Hirose S, Goto Y, Naitou E, Mitsudome A
  • Journal Title: Pediatr Neurol (in press)
• [Journal Article] An LRRK2 mutation as a cause for the parkinsonism in the original PARK8 family. (2005)
  • Author(s): Funayama M, Hasegawa K, Ohta E, Kawashima N, Komiyama M, Kowa H, Tsuji S, Obata F
  • Journal Title: Ann Neurol 57(6) Pages: 918-921
• [Journal Article] Interference of CREB-dependent transcriptional activation by expanded polyglutamine stretches - Augmentation of transcriptional activation as a potential therapeutic strategy for polyglutamine diseases (2005)
  • Author(s): Shimohata, M, Shimohata, T, Igarashi, S, Naruse, S, Tsuji, S
  • Journal Title: J.Neurochem 93 Pages: 654-663
• [Journal Article] Interference with activity-dependent transcriptional activation of BDNF gene depending upon the expanded polyglutamines in neurons. (2005)
  • Author(s): Miyashita T, Tabuchi A, Fukuchi M, Hara D, Kisukeda T, Shimohata T, Tsuji S, Tsuda M
  • Journal Title: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 333(4) Pages: 1241-1248
• [Journal Article] Determination of genomic breakpoints in an epileptic patient using genotyping array. (2005)
  • Author(s): Kojima T, Mukai W, Fuma D, Ueda Y, Okada M, Sakai Y, Kaneko S
  • Journal Title: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 341(3) Pages: 792-796
• [Journal Article] Microarray analysis of the genes induced by tetracycline-regulated expression of NDRF/NeuroD2 inP19 cells. (2005)
  • Author(s): Oda, H., Fushimi, F., Kato, M., Kitagawa, M., Araki, K., Seki, N., Ohkubo, H.
  • Journal Title: Biochem Biophys Res Commun 335 Pages: 458-468
• [Book] Chaptor 6 : mechanisms of calcium-associated exocytosis of striatal dopamine and DOPA release, studied by in vivo microdialysis. (Eds by Misu Yoshimi & Goshima Yoshio), pp.89-99 (2005)
  • Author(s): Okada Motohiro, Zhu Gang, Yoshida Shukuko, Hirose Shinichi, Kaneko Sunao
  • Total Pages: 350
  • Publisher: Taylor & Francis ; New York
• [Book] 「脳の世紀」推進会議(伊藤正男, 晝馬輝夫, 河西春郎, 山口陽子, 兼子直, 酒井邦嘉)編,脳を知る・創る・守る・育む,pp.100-129 (2005)
  • Author(s): 兼子 直
  • Total Pages: 155
  • Publisher: (株)クバプロ,東京
• [Book] Exchangeable gene trapping. In Genetically Engineered Mice (eds Sundberg.J.P. & IchikiT.) pp.131-143. (2005)
  • Author(s): Araki, K.
  • Total Pages: 300
  • Publisher: CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA