2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration on carbon and nitrogen metabolisms and greenhouse gas emission in plant-soil systems
| Project/Area Number |
16380168
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Agricultural environmental engineering
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
KOBAYASHI Kazuhiko The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Professor, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 教授 (10354044)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NAKAMOTO Tomomi The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Associate Professor, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 助教授 (50180419)
ABE Jun The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Assistant, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 助手 (60221727)
SASAKI Haruto The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Assistant, 大学院・農学生命科学研究科, 助手 (60225886)
INUBUSHI Kazuyuki Chiba University, Faculty of Horticulture, Professor, 園芸学部, 教授 (00168428)
OKADA Masumi National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Team Leader, 東北農業研究センター, チーム長(研究職) (10355274)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Keywords | CO_2 / carbon dioxide / methane / rice / lowland field / root / cultivar / FACE |
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| Research Abstract |
We studied impacts of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration ([CO_2]) on carbon and nitrogen metabolisms in plant-soil systems under flooded lowland rice production with the major thrusts on the changes in root dynamics, soil dissolved organic carbon and methane emission. The results are summarized as follows :
In a free-air CO_2 enrichment (FACE) experiment, a nominal increase of [CO_2] by 200 ppm increased rice grain yield by 15 %, which was unchanged by applying nitrogen fertilizer beyond the recommended amount, but was reduced to 7 % when the fertilization rate was halved. Root dynamics studied in the FACE experiment by using root-bags and minirhyzotron showed that elevated [CO_2] enhanced new root formation during the vegetative stage, had no effect during the flowering stage, and accelerated root death for mid- to late- maturity stages.
In a sun-lit chamber experiment, an elevation of [CO_2] by 200 ppm increased methane (CH_4) emission for all four rice varieties, which differed i
… More
n CH_4 emission rate but showed no difference in the increase of CH_4 emission due to [CO_2] enrichment. There was no clear difference between [CO_2] levels in dissolved CH_4 concentration in soil water, whereas dissolved organic carbon concentration was increased by [CO_2] elevation in all the varieties. Three of the four varieties showed lower activity of CH_4 oxidation under elevated [CO_2], while one variety showed the opposite response. In the same chamber experiment, it was shown that CH_4 accumulation in soil gas phase can be monitored by using minirhizotron and evaluated by the area of air bubbles in images of the soil profile. The association of air bubbles with roots clearly showed the contribution of rhizodeposition to CH_4 generation. Area of air bubbles was increased by the [CO_2] elevation, which indicated increase of CH_4 generation. The chamber experiment was simulated with a biogeochemistry model : DNDC, which showed an increase in CH_4 emission under elevated [CO_2] in accordance with the observations. The model was also able to simulate seasonal change in the CH_4 emission, whereas it deviated from the observations with respect to the varietal difference in CH_4 emission. Less
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Research Products
(11 results)
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[Journal Article] Modeling the interactive effects of atmospheric CO_2 and N on rice growth and yield.2005
Author(s)
Bannayan, M., Kobayashi, K., Kim, H.-Y., Lieffering, M., Okada, M., Miura, S.
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Journal Title
Field Crops Research 93
Pages: 237-251
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Effect of CO_2 enrichment on the translocation and partitioning of carbon at the early grain-filling stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.).2005
Author(s)
Sasaki, H., Aoki, N., Sakai, H., Hara, T., Uehara, N., Ishimaru, K., Kobayashi, K.
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Journal Title
Plant Production Science 8
Pages: 8-15
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Journal Article] Seasonal changes in canopy photosynthesis and respiration, and partitioning of photosynthate in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under free-air CO_2 enrichment.2005
Author(s)
Sasaki, H., Hara, T., Ito, S., Miura, S., Hoque, Md.M., Lieffering, M., Kim, H.Y., Okada, M., Kobayashi, K.
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Journal Title
Plant and Cell Physiology 46
Pages: 1704-1712
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
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[Book] Managed ecosystems and CO_2 : case studies, processes, and perspectives (Nosberger J, Long SP, Norby RJ, Stitt M, Hendrey GR, Blum H. eds.)2006
Author(s)
Kobayashi K, Okada M, Kim H-Y, Lieffering M, Miura S, Hasegawa T
Total Pages
18
Publisher
Springer verlag
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
