2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Neogerontology in the Age of Early Detection of Dementia: Toward a Tojisha-Oriented Clinical Perspective
| Project/Area Number |
16KT0123
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 特設分野 |
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| Research Field |
Neo-Gerontology
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| Research Institution | Keio University |
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Principal Investigator |
KITANAKA Junko 慶應義塾大学, 文学部(三田), 教授 (20383945)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
鈴木 晃仁 慶應義塾大学, 経済学部(日吉), 教授 (80296730)
繁田 雅弘 東京慈恵会医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (90206079)
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| Research Collaborator |
KANBA Shigenobu
KUROKI Toshihide
IKEDA Manabu
SAWA Tomohiro
KATO Satoshi
KINOSHITA Toru
LOCK Margaret
ROSE Nikolas
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| Project Period (FY) |
2016-07-19 – 2019-03-31
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| Keywords | 認知症 / 医療人類学 / 精神医学 / 老い / 早期発見 / 地域医療 / 精神病 / 共感 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Japanese are currently confronted with a tsunami of dementia which has generated fear of becoming mentally incommensurable to oneself and to others. Based on three years of fieldwork, Kitanaka has shown how this has led to the pharmaceuticalization of aging, magical thinking embedded in the “prevention” discourse, and new“healthism.”She also shows how people with dementia (tojisha) and doctors have employed three approaches to overcoming incommensurability: psychotherapeutic, neurobiological, and ecological. Kitanaka explores how tojishas and doctors try to cultivate“neurobiological empathy,” asking people to imagine not just how to be together with those with dementia but also what it is to be (in the mind of someone) with dementia. Shigeta has discussed the impact of early diagnostic disclosure and the importance of respecting the autonomy of people with dementia.
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| Free Research Field |
医療人類学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
世界を先導する超高齢社会である日本は、認知症の対応でも各国から注目されている。認知症施策では、遺伝子診断も含めた予防・早期発見を促進する社会や、薬理化が進む社会、福祉との連携重視の地域医療型の社会等、国によって重点の置き方が異なる。本調査では近年一気に老いの医療化・早期介入が進んだ日本で、現在台頭しつつある当事者視点に立脚した認知症医療を描き出し、さらに予防言説に関する論争の分析を行った。また脳神経科学に基づいた地域医療を人類学的に考察することで、認知症医療の新たな可能性と共感の様式の一端を明らかにした。成果を米・英・加・スイス等での招聘講演や経産省・老年精神医学会・精神神経学会等で報告した。
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