Formulation of Evolution Scenario from Interstellar Organics to Life-Building Molecular Systems by Simulation Experiments and Analysis of Meteorites

2008 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 17204050
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Geochemistry/Astrochemistry
• Research Institution: Yokohama National University
• Principal Investigator: KOBAYASHI Kensei Yokohama National University, 大学院・工学研究院, 教授 (20183808)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): NARAOKA Hiroshi 九州大学, 大学院・理学研究院, 教授 (20198386) ; MITA Hajime 福岡大学, 工学部, 教授 (00282301) ; HASHIMOTO Hirofumi 宇宙航空研究開発機構, 宇宙科学研究本部, 准教授 (50272175) ; KANEKO Takeo 横浜国立大学, 大学院・工学研究院, 特別研究教員 (50191987) ; TAKANO Yoshinori 海洋研究開発機構, 地球内部変動研究センター, 研究員 (80399815)
• Co-Investigator(Renkei-kenkyūsha): VLADIMIR A. Tsarev Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Science, Head of Department
• Project Period (FY): 2005 – 2008
• Keywords: 炭素質コンドライト / 星間有機物 / アミノ酸 / 宇宙線 / 惑星間塵 / 化学進化 / 生命の起源 / アストロバイオロジー

Research Abstract

模擬星間物質に重粒子線などを照射して合成した「模擬星間有機物」と、炭素質コンドライト中の有機物を分析し、両者と生命起源の関連について考察した。模擬星間環境実験では分子量数千の複雑態アミノ酸前駆体が生成する。これが星間や隕石母天体中での放射線・紫外線・熱などでの変性により隕石有機物となったことが示唆された。原始地球へは宇宙塵の形で有機物が供給された可能性が高く、その分析が必要である。宇宙ステーション上で宇宙塵を捕集する条件を検討中である。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Elemental and isotope behavior of macromolecular organic matter from CM chondrites during hydrous pyrolysis (2009)
  • Author(s): Y. Oba and H. Naraoka
  • Journal Title: Meteoritics Planet. Sci (in press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Significance of Organic Compounds in Interplanetary Dust Particles : Scientific Objectives of Tanpopo Mission (2009)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Hashimoto, T. Kaneko, H. Mita, S. Nakashima, H. Naraoka, K. Okudaira, J. Takahashi, Y. Takano, A. Yamagishi, M. Yamashita, H. Yano, S. Yokobori and Tanpopo WG
  • Journal Title: Orig. Life Evol. Biosph 39 Pages: 4
• [Journal Article] TANPOPO : Astrobiology Exposure and Micromeeoroid Capture Experiments - For Understanding Survival Possibility of Trans-Space Migration of Microorganisms (2009)
  • Author(s): S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi, Y. Yang, K. Fujisaki, H. Hashimoto, H. Kawai, K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, K. Okudaira, M. Tabata, H. Yano, M. Yamashita, Y. Yoshimura and Tanpopo WG
  • Journal Title: Orig. Life Evol. Biosph 39 Pages: 64-65
• [Journal Article] Synthesis of Amino Acid Precursors from Simulated Interstellar Media by High-Energy Particles or Photons (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, T. Ogawa, H. Tonishi, T. Kaneko, Y. Takano, J. Takahashi, T. Saito, Y. Muramatsu, S. Yoshida and Y. Utsumi
  • Journal Title: Electr. Eng. Jpn. 91(3) Pages: 293-298
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Formation of Amino Acid Precursors with Large Molecular Weight in Dense Clouds and Their Relevance to Origins of Biohomochirality(Proceedings of IAU Symposium 251, "Organic Matter in Space,") (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, T. Kaneko, Y. Takano and J. Takahashi, S. Kwok and S. Sandford
  • Journal Title: Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge Pages: 465-472
• [Journal Article] Carbon and hydrogen isotope fractionation of low molecular weight organic compounds during ultraviolet degradation (2008)
  • Author(s): Y. Oba and H. Naraoka
  • Journal Title: Org. Geochem 39 Pages: 501-509
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Asymmetric Synthesis of Amino Acid Precursors in Interstellar Complex Organics by Circularly Polarized Light (2007)
  • Author(s): Y. Takano, J. Takahashi, T. Kaneko, and K. Marumo and K. Kobayashi
  • Journal Title: Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 254 Pages: 106-114
• [Journal Article] Tanpopo : 有機物と微生物の宇宙空間曝露と微隕石及び微生物の捕集実験 (2007)
  • Author(s): 山岸明彦, 矢野創, 奥平恭子, 小林憲正, 横堀伸一, 田端誠, 河合秀幸
  • Journal Title: Biol.Sci.Space 21 Pages: 67-75
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] アミノ酸の前生物的合成と触媒機能の起源 (2006)
  • Author(s): 小林憲正
  • Journal Title: Biol.Sci.Space 20(1) Pages: 3-9
• [Journal Article] Role of Extraterrestrial Complex Organics in Chemical Evolution toward Origins of Life (2006)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Tonishi, T. Tsuboi, N. Suzuki, T. Kaneko and Y. Takano
  • Journal Title: Origins Life Evol. Biospheres 36 Pages: 206-208
• [Journal Article] Stability of Organic Compounds in High-Temperature and High-Pressure Environments Simulating Submarine Hydrothermal Systems (2006)
  • Author(s): H. Kurihara, S. Yabashi, T. Horiuchi, Md. N. Islam, T. Kaneko, Y. Takano, K. Marumo and K. Kobayashi
  • Journal Title: Origins Life Evol. Biospheres 36 Pages: 338-340
• [Journal Article] High-Molecular-Weight Complex Organics : Three Dimensional Imaging and Pyrolysis Experiment of Simulated Product via Interstellar Gas Mixture Irradiated 3 MeV Proton Beam (2006)
  • Author(s): Y. Takano, T. Tsuboi, T. Kaneko, K. Marumo and K. Kobayashi
  • Journal Title: Origins Life Evol. Biospheres 36 Pages: 246-248
• [Journal Article] A Spectroscopic Index for Estimating the Age of Amber (2006)
  • Author(s): H. Kimura, Y. Tsukada, H. Mita, , Y. Yamamto, R. Chujo, and T. Yukawa
  • Journal Title: Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn 79 Pages: 451-453
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Photochemical Abiotic Synthesis of Amino-acid Precursors from Simulated Planetary Atmospheres by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light (2005)
  • Author(s): J. Takahashi, H. Masuda, T. Kaneko, K. Kobayashi, T. Aaito and T. Hosokawa
  • Journal Title: J.Appl.Phys 98 Pages: 024907-1-6
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Subjects of Astrobiology Experiments in Earth Orbit (2005)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, Y. Ishikawa, M. Oishi, K. Kato, Y. Kawasaki, J. Koike, A. Kouchi, Y. Takano, K. Nakagawa, T. Naganuma, H. Naraoka, H. Hashimoto, H. Mita, A. Yamagishi, and M. Yamashita
  • Journal Title: Biol. Sci. Space 19 Pages: 114-115
• [Journal Article] Photochemical Abiotic Synthesis of Amino-Acid Precursors from Simulated Planetary Atmospheres by Vacuum Ultraviolet Light (2005)
  • Author(s): J. Takahashi, H. Masuda, T. Kaneko, K. Kobayashi, T. Saito and T. Hosokawa
  • Journal Title: J.Appl.Phys 98 Pages: 024907-1-6
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Prebiotic formation of polyamino acids in molten urea (2005)
  • Author(s): H. Mita, S. Nomoto, M. Terasaki, A. Shimoyama and Y. Yamamoto
  • Journal Title: Int.J.Astrobiol 4 Pages: 145-154
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 放射線と生命の起源 (2005)
  • Author(s): 小林憲正
  • Journal Title: 放射線 31 Pages: 173-179
• [Presentation] Quasi-Panspermia : Formation of Complex Amino Acid Precursors (2009)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Symposium 2009
  • Place of Presentation: Singapore
  • Year and Date: 2009-08-13
• [Presentation] TANPOPO : Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments (2009)
  • Author(s): A. Yamagishi, H. Yano, K. Okudaira, K. Kobayashi, S. Yokobori, M. Tabata, H. Kawai, M. Yamashita, H. Hashimoto, H. Naraoka and H. Mita
  • Organizer: Asia Oceania Geosciences Symposium 2009
  • Place of Presentation: Singapore
  • Year and Date: 2009-08-13
• [Presentation] Capture and Detection of Microorganisms in Space : The Tanpopo Mission (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Hashimoto, H. Kawai, H. Mita, K. Okudaira, A. Yamagishi, M. Yamashita, H. Yano, S. Yokobori and TANPOPO WG
  • Organizer: CAREX Workshop : Priority for Environment-Specific Technological Developments and Infrastructures
  • Place of Presentation: Sant Feliu de Guixoles, Spain(invited)
  • Year and Date: 20081203-05
• [Presentation] Interstellar Origins of Complex Amino Acid Precursors with Large Molecular Weights (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, T. Taniuchi, T. Kaneko, S. Yoshida, Y. Takano and J. Takahashi
  • Organizer: 12^<nd> ISSOL Meeting and 15^<th> International Conference on the Origin of Life
  • Place of Presentation: Florence, Italy
  • Year and Date: 20080825-29
• [Presentation] Asymmetric Synthesis and Decompoosition of Amino Acids by Circularly Polarized Light from Free Electron Laser (2008)
  • Author(s): T. Ogawa, S. Shima, T. Kaneko, K. Kobayashi, J. Takahashi, H. Mita, M. Hosaka and M. Kato
  • Organizer: 12^<nd> ISSOL Meeting and 15^<th> International Conference on the Origin of Life
  • Place of Presentation: Florence, Italy
  • Year and Date: 20080825-29
• [Presentation] Asymmetric Reactions of Amino-Acid-Related Compounds by Polarized Electrons from Beta-Decay Radiation (2008)
  • Author(s): V. I. Burkov, L. A. Goncharova, G. A. Gusev, H. Hashimoto. F. Kaneko, T. Kaneko, K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, E. V. Moiseenko, T. Ogawa, N. G. Poluhina T. Saito, S. Shima, J. Takahashi, M. Tanaka, Y. Tao, V. A. Tsarev, J. Xu, H. Yabuta, K. Yagi-Watanabe, H. Yan and G. Zhang
  • Organizer: 12nd ISSOL Meeting and 15th International Conference on the Origin of Life
  • Place of Presentation: Florence, Italy
  • Year and Date: 20080825-29
• [Presentation] Hydrothermal Alteration of Abiotically-Formed Complex Organic Compounds in Simulated Submarine Hydrothermal Environments (2008)
  • Author(s): H. Kurihara, T. Ueki, T. Kaneko, Y. Takano and K. Kobayashi
  • Organizer: 12^<nd> ISSOL Meeting and 15^<th> International Conference on the Origin of Life
  • Place of Presentation: Florence, Italy
  • Year and Date: 20080825-29
• [Presentation] Tanpopo : Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments on the Kibo, ISS (2008)
  • Author(s): H. Mita, A. Yamagishi, H. Yano, K. Okudaira, K. Kobayashi, S. Yokobori, M. Tabata, H. Kawai, H. Hashimoto, Tanpopo WG
  • Organizer: 12^<nd> ISSOL Meeting and 15^<th> International Conference on the Origin of Life
  • Place of Presentation: Florence, Italy
  • Year and Date: 20080825-29
• [Presentation] Capture of Cosmic Dusts and Exposure of Organic Compounds on International Space Station : Astrobiological Objectives of the Tanpopo Mission (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, S. Nakashima, H. Naraoka, H. Hashimoto, K. Okudaira, H. Yano, M. Yamashita, S. Yokobori and A. Yamagishi
  • Organizer: 37^<th> COSPAR Scientific Assembly
  • Place of Presentation: Montreal, Canada
  • Year and Date: 20080713-19
• [Presentation] Tanpopo : Microbe and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments on International Space Station (2008)
  • Author(s): A. Yamagishi, K. Kobayashi, H. Yano, S. Yokobori, H. Hashimoto, H. Kawai and M. Yamashita
  • Organizer: 37th COSPAR Scientific Assembly
  • Place of Presentation: Montreal, Canada
  • Year and Date: 20080713-19
• [Presentation] Interstellar Origins of Complex Amino Acid Precursors with Large Molecular Weights (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, T. Taniuchi, T. Kaneko, S. Yoshida, Y. Takano and J. Takahashi
  • Organizer: 37^<th> COSPAR Scientific Assembly
  • Place of Presentation: Montreal, Canada
  • Year and Date: 20080713-19
• [Presentation] Tanpopo Mission : Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments on the International Space Station (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, A, Yamagishi, H. Hashimoto, H. Kawai, K. Marumo, H. Mita, S. Nakashima, H. Naraoka, K. Okudaira, M. Tabata, M. Yamashita, H. Yano and S. Yokobori
  • Organizer: The Astrobiology Science Conference 2008
  • Place of Presentation: Santa Clara, CA, USA
  • Year and Date: 20080414-17
• [Presentation] Conceptural Design of Apparatus for TANPOPO : Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments (2008)
  • Author(s): H. Hashimoto, A. Yamagishi, H. Kawai, K. Kobayashi, K. Marumo, H. Mita, S. Nakashima, H. Naraoka, K. Okudaira, M. Tabata, M. Yamashita, H. Yano and S. Yokobori
  • Organizer: The Astrobiology Science Conference 2008
  • Place of Presentation: Santa Clara, CA, USA
  • Year and Date: 20080414-17
• [Presentation] Formation of Amino Acid Precursors with Large Molecular Weight in Dense Clouds and Their Relevance to Origins of Bio-homochirality (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi
  • Organizer: IAU Symposium 251 "Organic Matter in Space,"
  • Place of Presentation: Hong Kong, China
  • Year and Date: 20080218-22
• [Presentation] Significance of Organic Compounds in Interplanetary Dust Particles : Scientific Objectives of Tanpopo Mission (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Hashimoto, T. Kaneko, H. Mita, S. Nakashima, H. Naraoka, K. Okudaira, J. Takahashi, Y. Takano, A. Yamagishi, M. Yamashita, H. Yano, S. Yokobori, Tanpopo WG
  • Organizer: 8^<th> European Workshop on Exo-Astrobiology
  • Place of Presentation: Neuchatel, Switzerland
  • Year and Date: 2008-09-01
• [Presentation] TANPOPO : Astrobiology Exposure and Micrometeoroid Capture Experiments-For Understanding Survival Possibility of Trans-Space Migration of Microorganisms (2008)
  • Author(s): S. Yokobori, A. Yamagishi, Y. Yang, K. Fujisaki, H. Hashimoto, H. Kawai, K. Kobayashi, H. Mita, K. Okudaira, M. Tabata, H. Yano, M. Yamashita, Tanpopo WG
  • Organizer: 8^<th> European Workshop on Exo-Astrobiology
  • Place of Presentation: Neuchatel, Switzerland
  • Year and Date: 2008-09-01
• [Presentation] Complex Amino Acid Precursors in Interstellar Environments and Their Possible Roles in the Origin of Bio-homochirality (2007)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, Y. Takano and J. Takahashi
  • Organizer: International Symposium Origin and Evolution of Biosphere and Photonics of Nucleic Acids
  • Place of Presentation: Terskol, Russia
  • Year and Date: 20070806-10
• [Presentation] High Molecular Weight Complex Organics in Dense Clouds and Their Relevance to Origins of Life (2007)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Kurihara, T. Kaneko, H. Hashimoto, J. Takahashi and T. Takano
  • Organizer: Bioastronomy 2007
  • Place of Presentation: Puerto Rico
  • Year and Date: 20070716-20
• [Presentation] Chemical Evolution from Complex Organic Compounds in Molecular Clouds to Terrestrial Life (2007)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi
  • Organizer: First Nagoya Winter School
  • Place of Presentation: Ise-Shima
  • Year and Date: 20070222-23
• [Presentation] Formation of Complex Precursors of Amino Acids by Irradiation of Simulated Interstellar Media with Heavy Ions (2006)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, N. Suzuki, T. Taniuchi, T. Kaneko and S. Yoshida
  • Organizer: 36th COSPAR Scientific Assembly
  • Place of Presentation: Beijing, China
  • Year and Date: 20060716-22
• [Presentation] Interstellar Origins of Bioorganics and Biochirality (2006)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi
  • Organizer: Exploring New Science by Bridging Particle-Matter Hierarchy : The Third COE Symposium
  • Place of Presentation: Sendai
  • Year and Date: 20060216-18
• [Presentation] Roles of Metal Ions in Chemical Evolution in Submarine hydrothermal Systems (2006)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Kurihara, A. Neubeck, T. Kaneko and H. Yanagawa
  • Organizer: 19^<th> General Meeting of the International Mineralogical Association
  • Place of Presentation: Kobe
  • Year and Date: 2006-07-28
• [Presentation] A Novel Scenario of Chemical Evolution Toward the Generation of Life via Complex Organic Molecules (2005)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, N. Suzuki, T. Kaneko and T. Takano
  • Organizer: The 2005 International Chemical Congress of Pacific Basin Societies
  • Place of Presentation: Honolulu, Hawaii, U. S. A
  • Year and Date: 2005-12-18
• [Presentation] Role of Extraterrestrial Complex Organics in Chemical Evolution toward Origins of Life (2005)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi, H. Tonishi, T. Tsuboi, N. Suzuki, T. Kaneko and Y. Takano
  • Organizer: 11^<th> ISSOL Meeting and 14th International Conference on the Origin of Life
  • Place of Presentation: Beijing, China
  • Year and Date: 2005-06-20
• [Book] Astrobiology : From Simple Molecules to Primitive Life(American Scientific Publishers, Valencia, CA, U.S.A) (2008)
  • Author(s): K. Kobayashi
  • Publisher: V. Basiuk
• [Book] アストロバイオロジー宇宙が語る<生命の起源> (2008)
  • Author(s): 小林憲正
  • Total Pages: 122
  • Publisher: 岩波書店
• [Book] "太陽系と惑星"(シリーズ現代の天文学9)(渡部潤一他) (2008)
  • Author(s): 小林憲正
  • Total Pages: 268-279
  • Publisher: 日本評論社
• [Book] 生命の源宇宙で探せ (2008)
  • Publisher: 毎日新聞
• [Book] 天文学大事典(天文学大事典編集委員会) (2007)
  • Author(s): 小林憲正
  • Total Pages: 832(52)(366-367)
  • Publisher: 地人書館
• [Remarks] "生命誕生, 宇宙と深い関係?"日本経済新聞, 2008年5月18日
• [Remarks] "生命の素材宇宙から"東京新聞, 2007年5月22日
• [Remarks] "生命の起源宇宙から探る"日刊工業新聞, 2006年9月7日
• [Remarks] " 生命の源, 宇宙から"毎日新聞, 2006年5月17日