計画都市テオティワカンの発祥とモニュメント:月のピラミッド発掘資料の分析と解釈

2007 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 18251010
• Research Institution: Aichi Prefectural University
• Principal Investigator: 杉山 三郎 Aichi Prefectural University, 外国語学部, 教授 (40315867)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 佐藤 悦夫 富山国際大学, 国際教養学部, 准教授 (40235320) ; 植田 信太郎 東京大学, 理学系研究科, 教授 (20143357) ; 奥田 隆史 愛知県立大学, 情報科学部, 准教授 (20204125)
• Keywords: メソアメリカ / テオティワカン / 月のピラミッド / 考古学 / 新大陸人類学 / 古代計画都市 / モニュメント / 生贄儀式

Research Abstract

我々は「月のピラミッド」を集中発掘し、内部に7時期のピラミッド基壇と5基の埋葬墓を発見した。ピラミッドの隣接区域からは住居址、黒曜石工房跡、5時期の中規模モニュメント遺構を確認した。本研究では、7年間のフィールドワークにより得られた膨大な発掘資料の整理と報告書の作成、また出土した遺物の分析・解釈・出版準備、そして副葬品を中心とした完形遺物のカタログ作りとデーターバンクの作成を行なった。特に土器、石器、また37体に及ぶ生贄人骨や62体以上の生贄動物骨の整理・研究、そしてDNA分析も進み、現在成果の出版準備中である。英語版はニューメキシコ大学出版社と出版の契約も終了済みで、またスペイン語による詳細な発掘報告書はメキシコ政府の国立人類学歴史学研究所から出版する同意を得ている。さらに地上測量を基にしたテオティワカン中心部の三次元復元図作成のため、現地学生を加え長期の現地作業を行なった。すでに「月の広場」から「城壁」まで「死者の大通り」に沿った建築群を2.5Kmにわたり、一部の住居群を除き、測量済みである。これにより、都市計画全体の空間配置も正確に把握可能となり、建築データはすでに様々な研究に使われ成果が出始めている。
巨大化したモニュメントの資料は、国家形成と政治体制に関する直接的資料であり、政権の拡張と宗教的イデオロギーを反映する。また大量の生贄体や戦士の副葬品、そして戦いの象徴であるジャガー、ピューマ、狼、鷲等の生贄動物体は、従来考えられていた平和的な神聖国家像と異なり、軍事的な覇権国家であったと示す。他に黒曜石製品、遠隔地からの貝製品、ガテマラのヒスイ製品などはテオティワカン国家の交易・政治的介入を暗示し、マヤ王朝と直接の関係を示す資料も出土した。一方でモニュメント周辺の諸活動に関する資料も得て、現テオティワカン国家像を大きく変える物的資料獲得と理論形成に貢献したと考える。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Teotihuacan City Layout as a Cosmogram: Preliminary Results of the 2007 Measurement Unit Study (2008)
  • Author(s): Sugiyama, Saburo
  • Journal Title: Measuring the World and Beyond: The Archaeology of Early Quantification and Cosmology Cambridge University Press(In press)
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Moon Pyramid Project and the Teotihuacan State Polity: A Brief Summary of the 1998-2004 Excavations (2007)
  • Author(s): Sugiyama, Saburo and Ruben Cabrera Castro
  • Journal Title: Ancient Mesoamerica 18 Pages: 109-125
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Dedicatory Burial/Offering Complexes at the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan: A Preliminary Report of 1998-2004 Explorations (2007)
  • Author(s): Sugiyama, Saburo and Leonardo Lopez Lujan
  • Journal Title: Ancient Mesoamerica 18 Pages: 127-146
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Human Skeletal Remains of the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan (2007)
  • Author(s): Michael W. Spence and Gregory Pereira
  • Journal Title: Ancient Mesoamerica 18 Pages: 147-157
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Residential Histories of the Human Sacrifices at the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan: Evidence from Oxygen and Strontium Isotopes (2007)
  • Author(s): Christine D. White, T. Douglas Price, Fred J. Longstaffe
  • Journal Title: Ancient Mesoamerica 18 Pages: 159-172
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Implements of State Power: Weaponry and Martially Themed Obsidian Production Near the Moon Pyramid, Teotihuacan (2007)
  • Author(s): David M. Carballo
  • Journal Title: Ancient Mesoamerica 18 Pages: 173-190
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] Study of an anthropomorphic serpentine and wood mosaic from Burial 6, Pyramid of the Moon, Teotihuacan. Manufacture techniques, raw materials and Restoration (2008)
  • Author(s): Filloy, Laura, Maria Eugenia Gumi, Saburo Sugiyama and Yuki Watanabe
  • Organizer: 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Summary of the Explorations in 1998-2004 at the Moon Pyramid, and an Architectural Analysis of the Moon Plaza Complex (2008)
  • Author(s): Fukuhara Hironori, Yuko Koga, Shigeru Kabata, Ruben Cabrera Castro and Saburo Sugiyama
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Refining the Patlachique Phase: Ceramics, Figurines, and Architecture at the Earliest Monument Found in the Moon Pyramid (2008)
  • Author(s): Sato, Etsuo, Hirokazu Kotegawa, Janet Montoya and Saburo Sugiyama
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Botanical Remains from the Moon Pyramid: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (2008)
  • Author(s): Emily McClung de Tapia, Diana Martinez Yrizar, Cristina Adriano Moran, Emilio Ibarra Morales and Julia Perez Perez
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Greenstone and other Precious-Stone Artifacts found at the Moon Pyramid (2008)
  • Author(s): Julieta Lopze and Tatsuya Murakami
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Burial 6: War, Sacrifice, and Cosmology Reflected in a Dedicatory Burial/Offering Complex at the Moon Pyramid (2008)
  • Author(s): Lopez Lujan, Leonardo and Saburo Sugiyama
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Animals of Sacrifice: Interpreting Human-Fauna Interacion from Burial 6 at the Moon Pyramid (2008)
  • Author(s): Nawa Sugiyama, Alicia Blanco, Gilberto Perez, Bernardo Rodriguez and Fabiola Torres
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Osteological Analysis of Human Remains at the Moon Pyramid (2008)
  • Author(s): Gregory Pereira, Michael Spence, Ximena Chavez, Christine White and Fred Longstaffe
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Teotihuacan State Expansion and Political Meddling Abroad Viewed from the Moon Pyramid and Recent Research Outside of the City (2008)
  • Author(s): David Carballo and Claudia Garcia-Des Lauriers
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28
• [Presentation] Teotihuacan City Layout as a Cosmogram: Architectural and Measurement-Unit Study from the Moon Pyramid (2008)
  • Author(s): Sugiyama, Saburo
  • Organizer: Symposium: Teotihuacan Politics and Religion at the Moon Pyramid and Beyond. Organized by D. Carballo & S. Sugiyama. 73rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology
  • Place of Presentation: Vancouver, Canada
  • Year and Date: 2008-03-28