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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The Third Race: The Significance and Historical Context of Representations of Black Elite in Modern American Literature

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 18K00388
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 02030:English literature and literature in the English language-related
Research InstitutionRikkyo University

Principal Investigator

Nitta Keiko  立教大学, 文学部, 教授 (40323737)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Keywordsアメリカ合衆国 / 黒人 / 階級 / 人種 / ブラック・フェミニズム / 混血 / アメリカ文学 / カラーブラインド主義
Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study investigates the depiction of the "black elite" in American literature from 1860 to the present to clarify the genealogy and socio-historical contexts of this representation. In its origin, the term "black elite" referred to a group of African descent who were among the first to be emancipated from slavery. Through their private fortunes, they ascended to leadership roles in politics, academia, education, the church, and other institutions. This research is distinctive in its exploration of the intricate racial dynamics within American society, positing the black elite as a "third race" with a significant social role. Methodologically, the study is segmented into six periods: 1) Civil War, 2) Reconstruction, 3) Great Migration, 4) World War II, 5) Civil Rights Movement, and 6) Contemporary. Analysis of literary works and archival research were conducted concurrently across these periods.

Free Research Field

英文学および英語圏文学関連

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本課題の意義は、南北戦争と再建期の意味を、黒人エリートの存在を手がかりに再考し得た点にある。南北戦争は人種的正義を意図したものではなかったが、奴隷制度の撤廃は白人の排他性を部分的にも解体した。その恩恵に浴したのが、黒人エリートたちであったが、その特権性は、人種平等政策と相反するカラーブラインド主義等の皮肉な思潮を産んできた。だが本研究は、その桎梏の中でさえ、有益な社会ヴィジョンを提示してきた黒人市民の足跡を明確化するとともに、人種集団内部の力学、人種観念の多層性、人種関係の複雑性を客観化することで、アメリカ社会のより精緻な見方を提起した。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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