2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Research and development for practical use of individualized canine cancer immunotherapy

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H03132
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 42020:Veterinary medical science-related
Research Institution	Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University
Principal Investigator	Ohkusu-Tsukada Kozo 日本獣医生命科学大学, 獣医学部, 教授 (90304930)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	藤田道郎日本獣医生命科学大学, 獣医学部, 教授 (00238586) 山本一郎日本獣医生命科学大学, 獣医学部, 教授 (00424763) 田村恭一日本獣医生命科学大学, 獣医学部, 講師 (00722282) 宮前二朗岡山理科大学, 獣医学部, 助教 (40846143)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	犬ペプチドワクチン / 犬MHC class I型 / DLA-88型 / がん抗原検出法 / アジュバント / survivin / 臨床研究
Outline of Final Research Achievements	To select adjuvant for an individualized canine cancer vaccine, 6 types of phosphorothioate CpG-ODN were tested using a mouse tumor line lung metastasis model. Most of them showed slight survival prolongation, but 1 type only in 6 types that was complete remission with a survival rate 37.5% was selected as the adjuvant for this vaccine. An application for clinical research was prepared with the results of a safety test using dogs, and after approval by ethics committee of veterinary medical teaching hospital, clinical research was started. But, since general treatment (surgery, radiation, chemotherapy) is prioritized, the number of cases is not collected, and most of this study was conducted on terminal cancer clients, and rapid response was required. In light of this reality, an intracellular staining flow cytometry was developed that can detect within a few hrs the expression of cancer-related antigen in tumor needle biopsy, and is currently being incorporated into clinical research.
Free Research Field	免疫学、獣医病理学、腫瘍免疫学、腸内細菌学、皮膚科学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	がんワクチンの有識者の見解では、短鎖ペプチドを用いたワクチンの有効性は低く、長鎖ペプチド又はネオアンチゲンにその有効性を示している。本研究は短鎖ペプチドを用いて有効な細胞傷害性T細胞を導くアジュバントを開発した。ネオアンチゲンに置換えて実施した場合にさらなる効果が期待される。また、現代医療では、がんの一部採材後に病理検査で１週間を要し、治療方針の検討から予約状況を含め治療開始に至るまでに３週間かかり、がん進行の治療に早期対応が求められている。本研究のフローサイトメトリーがん抗原検出法は、数時間で結果が得られ、その日のうちにがんワクチンの治療を開始できる画期的方法として社会貢献が期待される。