2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of a new Regenerative Medical Treatment using the cerebrum anlage derived from Muse cells in oral mesenchymal tissue

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H03767
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 56010:Neurosurgery-related
Research Institution	University of Tsukuba
Principal Investigator	Oki Akinori 筑波大学, 医学医療系, 教授 (60334067)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	石川博筑波大学, 医学医療系, 研究員 (30089784) 丸島愛樹筑波大学, 医学医療系, 講師 (40722525) 松丸祐司筑波大学, 医学医療系, 教授 (70323300) 松村明筑波大学, 医学医療系, 客員教授 (90241819) 豊村順子筑波大学, 医学医療系, 研究員 (80645630) 大山晃弘筑波大学, 医学医療系, 研究員 (90538232)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	歯髄幹細胞 / ミューズ細胞 / 胚様体 / 胚子様構造体 / 各種器官・臓器の原基 / 神経管 / 小型球形細胞 / 神経系幹細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Nerve lineage cells were induced to differentiate from the dental pulp stem cells and transplanted into cerebral infarction model animals and peripheral nerve defects, and recovery of function was confirmed. Next, dental pulp stem cells were cultured by hanging drop method to prepare embryoid bodies, which were then perfused with the embryonic growth factor (EmbGF) -containing culture medium we prepared to obtain embryoid-like structures. Primordia of many organs such as the heart, central nervous system, retina, and gastrointestinal tract et al. existed in the embryo-like structures. Therefore, when neural tubes were collected from embryoid-like structures and the cells were dissociated with digestive enzymes, a large number of small spherical cells could be collected. When these cells were statically cultured in a nerve maintenance medium, nerve cells and glial cells differentiated.
Free Research Field	再生医療
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	腫瘍形成、倫理的問題、免疫の問題、感染の問題の無い、器官・臓器の原基を移植し十分な機能を長期間維持する再生医療を開発することが本研究の目的である。各器官・臓器は決して1種類の細胞から構成されているわけではなく、多種類の細胞が互いにパラクリン的に作用しあって機能を営んでいる。したがって幹細胞から目的の細胞を分化誘導して移植しても、十分な機能を長期間維持することは難しい。この問題を解決するため、歯髄幹細胞から胚子様構造体を作製し、この中に存在する各種器官・臓器の原基（構成細胞をone set含んでいる）を採取し移植する再生医療を提供する。これに成功すれば、学術的意義や社会的意義は大きい。