2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The role of extracellular vesicles of oral bacteria in systemic disease

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19H04051
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
Research Institution	Okayama University
Principal Investigator	Okamura Hirohiko 岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 教授 (20380024)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	江口傑徳岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 講師 (20457229) 宝田剛志岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 教授 (30377428) 吉田賀弥徳島大学, 大学院医歯薬学研究部(歯学域), 准教授 (60363157) 池亀美華岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 准教授 (70282986) 江國大輔岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 准教授 (70346443) 伊原木聰一郎岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 准教授 (80549866)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Keywords	歯周病 / 細胞外分泌小胞 / 肝臓 / 糖尿病
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Periodontal disease is associated with the aggravation of systemic diseases such as diabetes. We have discovered extracellular vesicles derived from periodontal pathogens as a novel factor that relates to these diseases. This study investigated the dynamics and components of extracellular vesicles derived from periodontal pathogens and their toxicity to living tissues. These extracellular secretory vesicles contain a large amount of bacterium-specific virulence factors and reach distinct organs including the liver via the blood. Extracellular vesicles that reach the liver are thought to adversely affect blood glucose levels by suppressing glucose uptake by hepatocytes. Periodontal disease is thought to be highly involved in the aggravation of systemic diseases through extracellular vesicles derived from periodontal pathogens.
Free Research Field	口腔組織学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	歯周病原菌由来の細胞外分泌小胞を標識・可視化することに初めて成功し，様々な臓器に移行することを見出した。歯周病と全身性疾患の関連性における『細胞外分泌小胞』の役割を解明し，新たな学術的潮流を作り出せた。本研究は，歯周病原菌由来の細胞外分泌小胞の内容物から歯周病と全身性疾患の病態に相関性が高い因子の同定を目指している。これらの因子は，歯周病と全身性疾患の病態を客観的に把握する分子的指標となる可能性が高い。これらの指標を用いて，歯科治療や全身性疾患の予防・治療の効果を明確に判定することが可能になると考えている。